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PTA > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Acute Care Time Period

A

s/p Surgery
1-6 Weeks

No Surgery
0-10 days

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2
Q

Acute Care Treatment

A

-PRICE
-Modalities
-HEP
-Pain Free ROM
-Education
-Avoid added pain

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3
Q

Subacute Care Treatment

A

:Early:
ROM then Muscle Endurance
-modalities
-HEP
-pain usually around 5/10

:Late:
Strengthening then Muscle Balance
-Little modalities
-Life Style HEP
-pain usually around 3/10

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4
Q

Subacute Care Time Period

A

:Early:
s/p surgery 7-9 weeks
No surgery 2-4 week

:Late:
s/p surgery 10-12 weeks
No Surgery 4-6 weeks

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5
Q

Chronic Care Treatment and Time Period

A

-Return to Prior Level of Function
-Activities closet to hobbies

s/p surgery 13+ weeks
no surgery 7 weeks

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6
Q

Sprain

A

-Affects Ligaments
-inc in joint play
-no spasms
-return to 80%

-Most common ligament sprain is the ATFL (ankle PF + inv)

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7
Q

Strain

A

Affects Muscle
Pain with contraction
spasms
100% heal

Most common muscle sprains are the Pec Major and Biceps

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8
Q

Temporal Mandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

A

Causes:
-Fwd head and postural issues
-Grinding Teeth and eating hard food
-Reumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis
-Trigger Points

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9
Q

Temporal Mandibular Dysfunction Treatment (TMD)

A

-Postural Re-ed
-Joint mobs
-night splints
-mm balance
-Phonophoresis

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10
Q

Scoliosis

A

-Named by their Convexity (Right spine bend = Right side scoliosis)
-Can Effect Organs

-Structural: Bend + Rotation
-non Structural: Only bend

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11
Q

Scoliosis Treatment

A

-Physical Therapy
-Orthotics
-Muscle Balance
-NMES

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12
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

-aka Degenerative Joint Disease
-Chronic and Progressive
-Affects weight bearing Joints

-Bouchard’s Nodes - PIP joint
-Heberden’s Nodes - DIP Joint

  • > 65 y/o d/t wear and tear
  • <50 y/o d/t trauma
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13
Q

Osteoarthritis Treatment

A

-Functional Independence
-Treat s/sxs

Meds: NSAIDS -> steroids

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14
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

-Autoimmune disease that affects synovial lining
-Primarily affects females

-Boutonniere deformity: PIP in Flexion

-Swan Neck Deformity:
PIP in Extension

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15
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment

A

-No PT during flare ups
-High Heat and Paraffin
-functional mobility

Meds: DMARD (meds ending in UMAB)
meds to decrease the immune system

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16
Q

Tendonitis

A

-Acute d/t biomechanical fault and repetition

-UE: originates proximal tendon
-LE: originates distal tendon

17
Q

Tendonitis Treatment

A

-Stop related activity for 3-5 weeks
-PT for muscle balance, strengthening, and endurance
-education on proper warm up and cool down
-stretching

18
Q

Torticollis

A

-Named by affected side (R side tightness = R Torticollis)
-Increase tone, tightness, and spasm of the SCM

19
Q

Torticollis Treatment

A

-Stretching of the involved SCM and rotate towards
- PNF for tone removal
-STM
-Heat

-Soft Collar Orthotic or other orthotic for spasticity after correction

20
Q

Tendinosis

A

-Chronic ( >6 months)
-Edema, pain with activity

21
Q

Tendinosis Treatment

A

-Address edema
-Cross friction massage
-Contrast Bath (4:1)
-treat as Tendonitis
(-Stop related activity for 3-5 weeks
-PT for muscle balance, strengthening, and endurance
-education on proper warm up and cool down
-stretching)

22
Q

Bursitis

A

-Caused by biomechanical fault and repetition
-caused by trauma/direct impact

23
Q

Bursitis Treatment

A

-Stop related movement (2-4 weeks)
-stretch tight muscles + strengthen antagonist
-Massage and joint oscillation to decrease pain

Meds: NSAID
Acetaminophen
steroid injection

24
Q

Joint Mobilization Contraindications

A

-Hypermobility
-Joint Effusion (fluid accumulation in bursa and intraarticular space)
-Inflammation

25
Q

Joint Mobilization Grades

A

Grade I: small amp; quick oscillation for Pain relief
Grade II: large amp; slow oscillation for Pain relief
Grade III: large amp; slow oscillation for Stretch and increase ROM

Outside PTA practice

Grade IV: High Velocity Manipulation past ROM
Grade V: Thrust; reset joint

26
Q

Plumbline

A

Posture
>Through earlobe
>through acromion process
>Through lumbar bodies
>Posterior Patella
>Anterior Lateral malleolus

27
Q

Ape Hand Deformity

A

-Wasting of 1st Digit

-Median Nerve dysfunction

28
Q

Mallet Finger

A

-Avulsion of extensor tendon

-Flexion in DIP joint

29
Q

Gamekeeper’s Thumb

A

-Ulnar Collateral Ligament
-Immobilize for 6 weeks

30
Q

Boxer’s Fracture

A

-5th metacarpal
-casted for 2-4 weeks

31
Q

Avascular Necrosis
(Osteonecrosis)

A

-Impaired blood flow to the Femoral Head
-Hip ROM decreased except in extension
-Coxalgic gait (hip pain causing limp)
-leads to THA

32
Q

Femoral Anteversion and Retroversion

A

Anteversion = Toes in

Retroversion = Toes out

33
Q

Osgood Schlatter

A
  • aka Jumper’s Knee

-Educate pt on wearing knee splint

34
Q

Anterior Compartment Syndrome

A

-Medical Emergency

-surgery needed to prevent tissue death and disability

35
Q

Tarsal tunnel Syndrome

A

-Entrapment of Posterior Tibial Nerve

-Excessive Pronation, Coxa Valga

PTA (2 decks)

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