Musculoskeletal

Question 1

trauma or injury

Answer 1

can affect any aspect of joint, soft structures and bone

can significantly damage the soft tissue

Question 2

common soft tissue damages due to trauma or accident

Answer 2

tendon lacteration, ligament injury, fracture and dislocation

e.g achilles tendon

Question 3

osteoarthritis

Answer 3

chronic condition
affects joint surface
often larger weight bearing joints like hips and knee
stiffness, eventually reducing function

Question 4

bursitis

Answer 4

inflammation of a bursa (fluid filled pads between the joints)
due to infection, inflam or injury

Question 5

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 5

chronic autoimmune inflammatory arthritis
pain and stiffness in small joints

Question 6

osteoporosis

Answer 6

thin bones
increased risk of fracture

Question 7

polymyalgia rheumatica PMR

Answer 7

inflammatory condition

Question 8

myalgia

Answer 8

muscle pains and aches

Question 9

temporal arteritis

Answer 9

inflammatory condition
occurs in association with PMR
present with severe headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication when eating and tenderness of occipital/temporal arteries

Question 10

claudication

Answer 10

pain

Question 11

psoriatic arthritis

Answer 11

chronic inflammatory arthritis
often present with asymmetric polyarthritis

Question 12

gout

Answer 12

crystal arthropathy
caused by precipitation of uric acid crystals in the joint

sever pain, swelling and inflammation

Question 13

septic arthritis

Answer 13

infection in joint space
common = staphylococcus aureus
serious
may have hole in skin - bacteria entry
signs of inflam/infection in presentation

Question 14

Pain:

Answer 14

The sensation of discomfort that the patient experiences

Question 15

Tenderness:

Answer 15

The sensation of discomfort that the doctor elicits

Question 16

• Arthralgia:

Answer 16

Pain in a joint or joints

Question 17

• Myalgia:

Answer 17

Pain in a muscle or group of muscles
*

Question 18

Arthritis:

Answer 18

Inflammation of a joint

• Monoarthritis: Inflammation affecting a single joint.
• Oligoarthritis: Inflammation affecting 2-4 joints.
• Polyarthritis: Inflammation affecting five or more joints.

Question 19

• Synovitis:

Answer 19

Inflammation of the joint synovium e.g., in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Question 20

• Subluxation:

Answer 20

Joint surfaces are displaced and partly in contact.
*

Question 21

Dislocation:

Answer 21

Joint surfaces have lost contact.
*

Question 22

Effusion:

Answer 22

A collection of fluid (e.g., within a joint). May be purulent, bloody, or serous.

Question 23

• Fixed Flexion Deformity:
• Fixed Extension Deformity

Answer 23

The patient is unable to fully extend the joint in question - the
joint is fixed in flexion.
: The patient is unable to fully flex the joint in question - the
joint is fixed in extension.

Question 24

crepitus

Answer 24

a grating sensation or noise coming from a joint - usually indicative of a chronic condition, usually from irregular joint surface

Question 25

valgus

Answer 25

used to describe limbs - means distal part of sticks out/away from midline

Question 26

varus

Answer 26

descibe limbs - means distal part of limb deviates towards the midline