Musculocutaneous Development Flashcards
Type of cells that condense around notochord form?
Centrum-vertebral body
Cells around nueral tube form?
Vertebral arches– pedicles, laminae, spinous process, articular and transverse processes
Mesodermal cells in the body call
Costal processes– ribs
Ossificationof typical vertebrae
Early development- adult hood
Ossification of ribs
during fetal development
What allows the developing spinal nerve to reach myotome?
Fusion of the caudal portion and the cranial portion of the inferior sclerotome
Formation of the occipital bone
Caudal portion of fourth occipital sclerotome fuses with cranial portion of the C1 scelerotome
What contributes to the formation of intervertebral discs?
Mesenchymal cells between cranial and caudal sclerotome
Notochord regression
regresses in vertebral bodies, but remains in the discs (from mesenchymal cells) to form nucleus pulposis
Chordoma
Remnants of the notochord that persist as a rare neoplasm (tumor). 1/3 at cranium and extend to the nasopharynx. Also in lumbosacral.
Primary vertebral curves
thoracic and sacral during fetal period
Secondary curves
cervical and lumbar– postnatal with lifting of head or waling
Sternal development
2 sternal bars in ventral body wall that fuses in a cranial to caudal manner by week 8
Accessory lumbar ribs
most common type of accessory rib. no problems
Accessory cervical ribs
Usually at C7, pressure on brachial plexus or subclavian artery (neurovascular symptoms)
Spia bifida occulta
Failure of vertebral arches to form or fuse
Scoliosis
represents lateral and rotational curvature of column
Most common cause for scoliosis–
hemivertebra, complete unilarter failure of vertebral body to form
Association of congenital anomalies
VACTERAL
Vertebral anomalies, Anal atresia, Cardiovascular anomalies, Trachoesophageal fistula, Renal Anomalies, Limb Defects
Spondylolisthesis
pedicles fail to fuse, resulting in lordosis
Sternal cleft
incomplete fusion of sternal bars
Pectus excavatum
funnel chest, most common chest anomly.
What cells from the sclerotome surround the neural tube and notochord?
Mesodermal cells
