Músculo fascial compartments (thigh)

Question 1

What is necrotising fasciitis?

Answer 1

• It is known as a flesh eating bacteria
• Bacteria feeds on the fascia
• Damage is spread along fascial planes
• Can strike anyone and can consume an entire person in a space of hrs

Question 2

Why is fascia important?

Answer 2

It provides a framework that organises, supports and protects muscle groups, organs and tissues of the body

Question 3

Where are fascial spaces found and where are they most exaggerated?

Answer 3

Throughout the body but most exaggerated in the head, neck and limb regions

Question 4

What is the purpose of the fascial compartments of the neck?

Answer 4

• Ease of movement during swallowing
• Forming natural planes of tissue packing
• Help determine the spread of infection

Question 5

What is the clinical use of forming natural planes of tissue packing in the fascial planes of the neck?

Answer 5

It allows surgical planes of access into the body

Question 6

Which layer of fascia divides muscles into compartments?

Answer 6

Deep fascia

Question 7

What are the two main classes of fascia in the neck?

Answer 7

• Superficial cervical fascia
• Deep cervical fascia

Question 8

What 4 categories is deep cervical fascia broken into?

Answer 8

• Investing facia
• Pretracheal fascia
• Prevertebral fascia
• Carotid sheaths –> Alar fascia

Question 9

What structure is the thigh bound by superiorly?

Answer 9

The hip joint

Question 10

What structure is the thigh bound by inferiorly

Answer 10

The knee joint

Question 11

Describe the tissue layers of the thigh (8)

Answer 11

• Skin
• Superficial fascia
• Deep fascia (Fascia Lata)
• Muscles and membrane coverings
• Femur
• Intermuscular septa
• Neuromuscular bundles
• Lymph nodes

Question 12

What is the femur covered between?

Answer 12

Covered between the periosteum and endosperm

Question 13

What are the layers of the deep fascia of the thigh?

Answer 13

• Deep fascia
• Illiotibial band or tract (tensor of fascia late)
• Medial intermuscular septum
• Lateral intermuscular septum
  Posterior intermuscular septum

Question 14

Name the 3 intermuscular septa

Answer 14

• Medial intermuscular septa
• Lateral intermuscular septa
• Posterior intermuscular septa

Question 15

What are the 3 muscular compartments of the thigh?

Answer 15

• Anterior compartment
• Medial compartment
• Posterior compartment

Question 16

Describe the blood supply of the thigh compartments?

Answer 16

They have a common blood supply from the Profunda Femuris

Question 17

Describe the supplies to the thigh

Answer 17

Each compartment of the thigh has its own:
- General motor actions
- Own muscles
- Own nerve supply

Question 18

What does the anterior compartment of the thigh contain?

Answer 18

• Knee extensors
• Quadriceps

Question 19

What does the posterior compartment of the thigh contain?

Answer 19

• Knee Flexors and hip extensors
• Hamstrings

Question 20

What does the medial compartment of the thigh contain?

Answer 20

• Hip adductors
• Adductors

Question 21

Which nerves supply the anterior compartments of the thigh? (2)

Answer 21

• Femoral nerve
• Neural Root values - L2, 3, 4

Question 22

Which nerves supply the medial compartments of the thigh?

Answer 22

• Obturator nerve
• Neural root values L2, 3, 4

Question 23

Which nerves supply the posterior compartments?

Answer 23

• Sciatic nerve
• Neural root values L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

Question 24

Which arteries supply the different compartments?

Answer 24

• Anterior compartment = The Femoral artery
• Medial compartment = Obturator artery
• Posterior compartment = Perforating branches of Profunda Femoris