Musculature of the Face

Question 1

What is the origin and insertion of the buccinator?

Answer 1

origin: maxilla, mandible, and pterygomandibular raphae
insertion: angle of mouth

Question 2

What is the function of the buccinator?

Answer 2

forms anterior portion of cheek

Question 3

What is the origin and insertion of the masseter (superficial head)?

Answer 3

origin: anterior 2/3 and inferior border of zygomatic arch
insertion: lateral surface of mandible

Question 4

What is the function of the masseter (superficial head)?

Answer 4

elevates (closes) mandible

Question 5

What is the origin and insertion of the masseter (deep head)?

Answer 5

origin: posterior 1/3 and medial surface of zygomatic arch
insertion: lateral surface above angle of mandible

Question 6

What is the function of the masseter (deep head)?

Answer 6

elevates (closes) mandible

Question 7

What is the origin and insertion of the lateral pterygoid (superior head)?

Answer 7

origin: inferior surface of greater wing of sphenoid
insertion: pterygoid fovea under the condyloid process, fibrous capsule of TMJ

Question 8

What is the function of the lateral pterygoid (superficial head)?

Answer 8

Lowers (opens) mandible, lateral movement of mandible, protrusion of mandible

Question 9

What is the origin and insertion of the lateral pterygoid (inferior head)?

Answer 9

origin: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
insertion: pterygoid fovea under the condyloid process, fibrous capsule of TMJ

Question 10

What is the function of the lateral pterygoid (inferior head)?

Answer 10

lowers (opens) mandible, lateral movement of mandible, protrusion of mandible

Question 11

What is the origin and insertion of the medial pterygoid?

Answer 11

origin: medial surface of lateral pterygoid, pterygoid fossa
insertion: medial surface angle of mandible

Question 12

What is the function of the medial pterygoid?

Answer 12

elevates (closes) mandible

Question 13

What is the origin and insertion of the temporalis?

Answer 13

origin: temporal fossa
insertion: coronoid process of mandible

Question 14

What is the function of the temporalis?

Answer 14

elevates (closes) mandible, posterior portion retracts mandible

Question 15

What does the maxillary artery supply?

Answer 15

nasal cavity, lateral wall and roof of oral cavity, all teeth, dura mater of cranial cavity

Question 16

What is the course of the maxillary artery?

Answer 16

originates from external carotid within the parotid gland, moves forward between the neck of the mandible and sphenomandibular ligament, enters the infratemporal fossa, exits through pterygomaxillary fissure, enters pterygomaxillary fossa

Question 17

What branches from the maxillary artery in its first part (between neck of mandible and sphenomandibular ligament)?

Answer 17

1) MIDDLE MENINGEAL
2) INFERIOR ALVEOLAR
3) deep auricular
4) anterior tympanic
5) accessory meningeal

Question 18

What branches from the maxillary artery in its second part (associated with lateral pterygoid muscle)?

Answer 18

1) deep temporal
2) masseteric
3) buccal
4) pterygoid

Question 19

What branches from the maxillary nerve in its third part (in pterygopalatine possa)?

Answer 19

1) POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR
2) INFRAORBITAL
3) GREATER PALATINE
4) pharyngeal
6) sphenopalatine
7) artery of the pterygoid canal

Question 20

Where is the pterygoid plexus located?

Answer 20

in the infratemporal fossa between the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles and between the temporalis and lateral pterygoid

Question 21

What are the functions of the pterygoid plexus?

Answer 21

1) return deoxygenated blood from face back to heart via maxillary vein and int. and ext. jugular veins (areas supplied by maxillary artery or its branches)
2) protect maxillary artery, which travels through the plexus, by filling with blood during or emptying during jaw movements