Muscular System Vocabulary

Question 1

A Band

Answer 1

The dark band in a muscle fiber that contains myosin.

Question 2

Abduction

Answer 2

Moving limbs laterally away from body.

Question 3

Actin

Answer 3

A protein that forms thin filaments and is involved in muscle contraction.

Question 4

Adduction

Answer 4

Moving limbs towards mid-line of body

Question 5

Antagonist

Answer 5

Muscles that oppose the action of other muscles.

Question 6

Aponeuroses

Answer 6

Flat, broad sheets of connective tissue that attach muscles to bones and other muscles.

Question 7

Circumduction

Answer 7

A circular movement of a limb or joint.

Question 8

Contractility

Answer 8

the ability of muscle tissue to shorten forcibly when adequately stimulated

Question 9

Dosiflexion

Answer 9

Lifting the toe towards the shin

Question 10

Elasticity

Answer 10

The ability of a muscle cell to recoil and resume its resting length after being stretched.

Question 11

Endomysium

Answer 11

A wispy sheet of connective tissue that surround each muscle fiber.

Question 12

Epimysium

Answer 12

Outside muscle; an overcoat of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the whole muscle

Question 13

Extension

Answer 13

Increasing the angle of a joint

Question 14

Extensibility

Answer 14

The ability of muscle tissue to be stretched or extended.

Question 15

Excitability

Answer 15

the ability of muscle tissue to respond to a stimulus.

Question 16

Eversion

Answer 16

Turning the bottom of the foot away from the mid-line.

Question 17

Fascia

Answer 17

The outside of the epimysium.

Question 18

Fascicle

Answer 18

A bundle of muscle fibers.

Question 19

Fiber

Answer 19

The outside of the epimysium

Question 20

Fixators

Answer 20

Muscle fibers that stabilize a joint while other muscles perform movement.

Question 21

Flexion

Answer 21

Decreasing the angle between bones.

Question 22

Hypertension

Answer 22

Abnormal extension of joint.

Question 23

I Band

Answer 23

The light band in a muscle fiber that contains actin.

Question 24

Insertion

Answer 24

The point where a muscle attaches to a movable bone.

Question 25

Irritability

Answer 25

Ability to receive a stimulus

Question 26

Inversion

Answer 26

Turning the bottom of the foot towards the midline.

Question 27

Isometric

Answer 27

A type of muscle contraction where the muscle doesn’t change length.

Question 28

Isotonic

Answer 28

A type of muscle contraction where the muscle changes length while maintaining constant tension.

Question 29

Motor Unit

Answer 29

A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it controls.

Question 30

Muscle Tone

Answer 30

The continuous and passive partial contraction of muscles

Question 31

Myofibrils

Answer 31

Long, thread-like structures in muscle cells responsible for contraction.

Question 32

Myosin

Answer 32

A protein the forms thick filaments and interacts with actin to cause muscle contraction.

Question 33

Neuromuscular Junction

Answer 33

The point where a motor neuron connects with a muscle fiber.

Question 34

Neurotransmitters

Answer 34

Chemical that transmit signals between neurons or from neurons to muscles.

Question 35

Opposition

Answer 35

The ability of the thumb to touch each finger

Question 36

Origin

Answer 36

The fixed attachment point of a muscle that does not move during muscle contraction.

Question 37

Perimysium

Answer 37

The connective tissue that surrounds fascicles.

Question 38

Plantar Flexion

Answer 38

Pointing the toe towards the floor.

Question 39

Prime Mover

Answer 39

The main muscle responsible for a specific movement.

Question 40

Pronation

Answer 40

Pam’s facing down.

Question 41

Rotation

Answer 41

A movement where a bone turns around its axis.

Question 42

Sarcolemma

Answer 42

The cell membrane of a muscle fiber.

Question 43

Sarcomeres

Answer 43

The structural and functional units of muscle contraction within myofibrils.

Question 44

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 44

A specialized organelle in muscle cells that stores and releases calcium.

Question 45

Supination

Answer 45

Palms facing upward.

Question 46

Synaptic Cleft

Answer 46

The small gap between a nerve ending and a muscle fiber at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 47

Synergist

Answer 47

A muscle that assists the prime mover in performing a movement.

Question 48

Tetanus

Answer 48

A sustained muscle contraction caused by rapid, repeated stimulation