Muscular System - Pathologic Terms

Question 1

atonic

Answer 1

pertaining to a muscle that has no tone or tension; atony

a- = no; not; lack of
ton/o = tone; tension
-ic = pertaining to

Question 2

atrophy

Answer 2

wasting away of the muscle

a- = no; not; lack of
-trophy = nourishment; growth

Question 3

bradykinesia

Answer 3

slow movement

brady- = slow
-kinesia = movement

Question 4

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 4

inflamed/overused tendons and ligaments in the wrist put pressure on the median nerve causing numbness, pain, and weakness

Question 5

dyskinesia

Answer 5

impairment of a muscle movement

dys- = bad; difficult; painful; poor
-kinesia = movement

Question 6

dystonia

Answer 6

abnormal muscle tone or tension

dys- = bad; difficult; painful; poor

• ton/o = tone; tension
• ia = condition

Question 7

dystrophy

Answer 7

abnormal development; muscular dystrophy

dys- = bad; difficult; painful; poor
-trophy = nourishment; growth

Question 8

fasciitis/fascitis

Answer 8

inflammation of fascia

fasci/o = fascia
-itis = inflammation

Question 9

fibromyalgia

Answer 9

pain in fibrous tissues such as muscles, tendons, and ligaments

fibr/o = fiber
my/o = muscle
-algia = pain

Question 10

hyperkinesia

Answer 10

excessive movement

hyper- = excessive; above normal
-kinesia = movement

Question 11

hypertrophy

Answer 11

enlargement of an organ due to an increase in the size of cells

hyper- = excessive; above normal
-trophy = nourishment; growth

Question 12

leiomyoma

Answer 12

benign tumor of smooth muscle

lei/o = smooth
my/o = muscle
-oma = tumor; mass

Question 13

leiomyosarcoma

Answer 13

malignant tumor of smooth muscle

lei/o = smooth
my/o = muscle
-sarcoma = malignant tumor of connective tissue

Question 14

myalgia

Answer 14

muscle pain

my/o = muscle
-algia = pain

Question 15

myasthenia

Answer 15

no muscle strength

my/o = muscle
-asthenia = no strength

Question 16

myoclonus

Answer 16

alternate muscle relaxation and contraction in rapid succession

my/o = muscle
-clonus = turmoil

Question 17

myositis

Answer 17

inflammation of muscle

myos/o = muscle
-itis = inflammation

Question 18

myotonia

Answer 18

any muscular disease

my/o = muscle
-pathy = disease

Question 19

polymyositis

Answer 19

inflammation of many muscles

poly- = many
myos/o = muscle
-itis = inflammation

Question 20

rhabdomyoma

Answer 20

benign tumor of striated muscle

rhabd/o = rod-shaped; striped; striated; 
my/o = muscle
-oma = tumor; mass

Question 21

rhabdomyolysis

Answer 21

breakdown of striated muscle tissue

rhabd/o = rod-shaped; striped; striated; 
my/o = muscle
-lysis = breakdown

Question 22

rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 22

malignant tumor of striated muscle tissue

rhabd/o = rod-shaped; striped; striated; 
my/o = muscle
-sarcoma = malignant tumor of connective tissue

Question 23

strain

Answer 23

tearing, twisting, over stretching, or over extension of muscles and tendons

Question 24

tendinitis

Answer 24

inflammation of a tendon

tendin/o = tendon
-itis = inflammation

Question 25

tenosynovitis

Answer 25

inflammation of a tendon sheath

tenosynovi/o = tendon sheath
-itis = inflammation