Muscular System (Dorsal)

Question 1

Coccygeo-iliacus

Answer 1

Anterior gliding of the ilium along the sacral diapophysis, rotates urostyle ventrally or shifts pelvis posteriorly (both-side activity).

Question 2

Coccygeo-sacralis

Answer 2

Lateral bending of the body at the iliosacral joint (unilateral activity), stiffens trunks and moderately rotates urostyle dorsally (bilateral activity).

Question 3

Cucullaris

Answer 3

Muscles which originates on the prootic and the otic ramus of the squamosal and inserts on the anterior border of the suprascapula.

Question 4

Depressor Mandibula

Answer 4

Jaw muscle that opens the mouth and was considered useful in delimiting anuran groups.

Question 5

External Oblique

Answer 5

The lateral abdominal wall muscle that is the most superficial, immediately superficial to the internal oblique.

Question 6

Gastrocnemius

Answer 6

The chief muscle of the calf of the leg which flexes the knee and foot. It runs to the Achilles tendon from two heads attached to the femur, it is also a powerful plantar flexor of the foot at the talocrural joint. It also flexes the leg at the knee. Its actions are usually considered along with soleus, as the triceps surae group.

Question 7

Gluteus

Answer 7

Any of the three muscles in each buttock which move the thigh, the largest of which is the gluteus maximus. It functions to extend and laterally rotate the hip joint. Upper fibers can abduct the hip whereas the lower fibers can adduct.

Question 8

Gracilis Minor

Answer 8

The most superficial muscle of the inside of the thigh that arises from the lower part of the pubic symphysis and the anterior half of the pubic arch and that has its tendon inserted into the inner surface of the shaft of the tibia below the tuberosity, and that acts to adduct the thigh and to flex the leg at the knee and to assist in rotating it medially, the major is the upper muscle and minor is the lower.

Question 9

Ilio-lumbaris

Answer 9

(ilio lumborum muscle, iliocostalis) Is the muscle immediately lateral to the longissimus that is the nearest to the furrow that separates the epaxial muscles from the hypaxial. It lies very deep to the fleshy portion of the serratus posteriormuscle. Unilaterally: laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side.

Question 10

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 10

Is the largest muscle in the upper body. The latissimus dorsi is responsible for extension, adduction, transverse extension also known as horizontal abduction, flexion from an extended position, and (medial) internal rotation of the shoulder joint.

Question 11

Longgisimus Dorsi

Answer 11

Is responsible for extension, adduction, transverse extension also known as horizontal abduction, flexion from an extended position, and (medial) internal rotation of the shoulder joint. It also has a synergistic role in extension and lateral flexion of the lumbar spine.

Question 12

Peroneus

Answer 12

(Fibularis muscles, Peroneals, Peronæus) Are a group of muscles in the leg. While the muscle group exists in many variations, it is normally composed of three muscles: peroneus longus, brevis and tertius.

Question 13

Pterygoideus

Answer 13

Medial pterygoid is a thick quadrilateral muscle that connects the mandible with maxilla, sphenoid and palatine bones. It belongs to the group of masticatory muscles, along with the lateral pterygoid, masseter and temporal muscles.

Question 14

Pyriformis

Answer 14

Originates on the dorso-lateral border of the distal urostyle and inserts on the dorsal surface of the crista femoris. This muscle inserts between the M. ilio-fibularis/M. glutaeus magnus and M. semimembranosus.

Question 15

Rectus Femoris Anticus

Answer 15

The middle head of the triceps extensor femoris which can be seen in both dorsal and ventral surface of the thigh. Origin: Anterior border of the acetabulum

Question 16

Semimembranosus

Answer 16

Is a relatively large muscle that originates from a small facet on the rough superolateral surface of the ischial tuberosity. The tendon of semimembranosus appears at the level of the mid-thigh and continues caudally toward the point of insertion at the medial condyle of the tibia.

Question 17

Temporalis

Answer 17

A fan-shaped muscle which runs from the side of the skull to the back of the lower jaw and is involved in closing the mouth and chewing.

Question 18

Tendon of Achilles

Answer 18

Is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone (calcaneus). The Achilles tendon is also called the calcaneal tendon. The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles (calf muscles) unite into one band of tissue, which becomes the Achilles tendon at the low end of the calf.

Question 19

Tibialis Anticus

Answer 19

(Tibialis anterior) Is a muscle in humans that originates along the upper two-thirds of the lateral (outside) surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. It acts to dorsiflex and invert the foot.

Question 20

Triceps Femoris

Answer 20

Large muscle covering the entire thigh from anterior part to the posterior margin. The proximal end is divided into three heads.

Question 21

Vastus Externus

Answer 21

Is the largest and most powerful part of the quadriceps femoris, a muscle in the thigh. Together with other muscles of the quadriceps group, it serves to extend the knee joint, moving the lower leg forward.