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principles of anatomy > muscular system and muscles > Flashcards

muscular system and muscles Flashcards

1
Q

types of muscle

A

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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2
Q

striated muscle

A

skeletal and cardiac

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3
Q

unstriated

A

smoth

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4
Q

somatic nervous system control

A

skeletal muscle

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5
Q

autonomic nervous system control

A

caridac and smooth muscle

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6
Q

muscle functions

A

produce movement, maintain posture + body poistion, stabilise joints, generate heat

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7
Q

muscle properties

A

electrical excitability, contractility, extensibility, elasticity

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8
Q

wrapping of fibre (individual muscle cell)

A

endomysium

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9
Q

wrapping of fascicle (bundle of individual muscle cells)

A

perimysium

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10
Q

wrapping of whole muscle

A

epimysium

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11
Q

muscle fibre

A

individual muscle cell

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12
Q

fascicle

A

bundle of individual muscle cells

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13
Q

whole muscle composition

A

individual muscle cells, blood vessels, nerves

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14
Q

patterns of fascicle arrangement

A

circular, convergent, parallel, pennate

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15
Q

types of parallel muscle

A

straplike and spindle shaed/fusiform

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16
Q

types of pennate muscle

A

unipennate, bipennate, multipennate

17
Q

connective tissues associated with muscle

A

ligaments, tendon, aponeurosis, raphe

18
Q

ligaments

A

-fibrous connections between bones
-composed of collagen fibres
-usually blend with periosteum of bones at joint

19
Q

tendon

A

fibrous tissue, linking muscle belly tro attachment site at bone

20
Q

aponeurosis

A

-broad, flat connective tissue
-links muscle belly to site of attachment
-spread over greater area than tendon

21
Q

raphe

A

line of fibrous tissue, one muscle joins another (usually long)

22
Q

types of muscle contraction

A

isometric, concentric, eccentric

23
Q

prime mover

A

main muscle that produces specific movement (concenric contraction)

24
Q

synergist

A

compliment actions of prime mover

25
Q

ways synergist interact with prime mover

A

-add extra force to same movement
-reducing undesirable/unnecessarhy movements

26
Q

antagonist

A

-opposes action of another muscle (eccentric contraction)
-can regulate prime mover by providing resistance -> slow/stop movement

27
Q

fixator

A

steadies proximal parts of limb, when movements occur in distal parts (isometric contraction)

28
Q

superficial fascia

A

loose subcutaneous tissue

29
Q

deep fascia

A

thin rough sheet, primarily collagen fibres

30
Q

fascial septum

A

extension of dense connective tissue

31
Q

retinaculum

A

thickening of deep fascia, holds down tendons

32
Q

hilum

A

entry point for blood vessels/nerves to enter muscle

principles of anatomy (4 decks)

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