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Muscular System > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

0
Q

Voluntary and responsible for movement of the body

A

Skeletal muscles

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1
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

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2
Q

Involuntary, the intestines, blood vessels, organs, gall bladder and uterus

A

Smooth muscles

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3
Q

Only in the heart

A

Cardiac muscle

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4
Q

What are the 4 principal characteristics.

A

Excitability
Contractiliy
Extensibility
Elasticity

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5
Q

The ability of muscle tissue to receive and respond to stimuli

A

Excitability

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6
Q

The ability of the muscle tissue to actively generate force to shorten and thicken

A

Contractility

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7
Q

The ability of muscle tissue to be stretched

A

Extensibility

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8
Q

The ability of muscle tissue to return to its original shape

A

Elasticity

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9
Q

What are the three functions of the muscular system

A

Motion-reflexive and voluntary
Maintenance of posture
Heat production

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10
Q

Is a single cylindrical muscle cell

A

Muscle fiber

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11
Q

Connective tissue sheath surrounding the muscle

A

Epimysium

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12
Q

A bundle of muscle fibers

A

Fasicle

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13
Q

Connective tissue surrounding bundles of muscles fibers.(fasicles)

A

Perimysium

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14
Q

Connective tissue surrounding each little muscle fiber

A

Endomysium

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15
Q

Skeletal Muscles that use oxygen to contract (long distance running)

A

Slow twitch

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16
Q

Skeletal Muscles that work using anaerobic metabolism (short burst of energy sprinting)

A

Fast twitch

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17
Q

Responsible for muscle contraction. Muscle fibers composed of cylindrical organelles and composed of thin and thick filaments

A

Myofibrils

18
Q

Thin- light bands contain only actin and are called I bands

A

Actin

19
Q

Thick- dark bands, these are A bands and are only located in the H zone

A

Myosin

20
Q

The contractile unit- z line to z line

A

Sarcomere

21
Q

Where the nerve attaches to the muscle fiber to contract.

A

Neuromuscular junction

22
Q

At rest there is a slightly negative charge inside the cell membrane as compared to the outside the cell membrane

A

Resting potential

23
Q

When a muscle contracts and the distance between the end of the muscle changes

A

Isotonic contractions

24
Q

When a muscle contracts and the ends of the muscle do not move or the body part that the muscle affects does not move

A

Isometric contractions

25
Q

A sustained partial contraction of portions of a skeletal muscle

A

Muscle tone

26
Q

A state of wasting away of muscles

A

Muscular atrophy

27
Q

The reverse of atrophy it is an increase in diameters of muscle fibers more forceful contractions produce hypertrophy new fibers are not created after birth

A

Muscular hypertrophy

28
Q

A reddish pigment which store oxygen until needed for muscle contraction

A

Myoglobin

29
Q

When muscles become depleted of oxygen due to excessive use. the respiratory system cannot keep up.
- an increased heart rate and breathing

A

Oxygen debt

30
Q

a sustained partial contraction of of portions of a skeletal muscle

A

Muscle tone

31
Q

A condition of prolonged muscle contraction where oxygen debt becomes extreme
- excessive activity, malnutrition , cardio vascular disturbances, respiratory disturbances

A

Muscle fatigue

32
Q

Is a system of sensory and motor nerve activity that provides information as to the position and rate of movement of different body parts to the central nervous system

A

Proprioception

33
Q

Are cells that are distributed throughout the belly of the muscle.
- they send information to the nervous system about the muscles length

A

Muscles spindles

34
Q

Transmits information regarding the tension in the muscle to the brain and spinal cord

A

Golgi tendon organs

35
Q

The attachment of a muscle tendon to the stationary Bone (only moves a little)

A

Origin

36
Q

The attachment of the other muscle tendon to the more mobile bone
- I move

A

Insertion

37
Q

When isolated and specific actions occurs, the muscle is responsible for the action (prime mover)

A

Agonist

38
Q

When the prime mover contracts, there is a muscle that causes an opposite action

A

Antagonist

39
Q

Muscles that assists the prime mover

A

Synergist

40
Q

What are the 7 different naming criteria for understanding the muscles

A

Location, shape, relative size, direction, origins/insertions, number of origins, actions

41
Q

Muscle consists of skeletal muscle tissue, connective tissue and nerve tissue and blood

A

Vascular tissue

42
Q

Muscle shortens as it contracts

A

Concentric

43
Q

Muscle lengthens as it contracts

A

Eccentric

Muscular System (1 decks)

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