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Anatomy > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle fiber=
Myo & mys=
Sarco=

A

Muscle cell
Muscle
Flesh

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2
Q

3 muscle types

A

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

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3
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Single,uninucleate
No striations
Involuntary
Hollow organs

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4
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

In heart
Involuntary
Striated, uninucleate, branching
Intercalated discs

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5
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

Tendon to bone
Single, long, multinucleate
Striated
Voluntary

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6
Q

Endomysium

A

Enclosed single muscle fiber

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7
Q

Perimysium

A

Wraps around fascicle(bundle) of muscle fibers

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8
Q

Epimysium

A

Covers the entire skeletal muscle

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9
Q

Tendon

A

Cordlike

Crosses a joint

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10
Q

Aponeuroses

A

Sheet like

Attaches muscles indirectly to bone, cartilage, or connective tissue coverings

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11
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Specialized plasma membrane

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12
Q

Myofibrils

A

Long organelles inside cell

Distinct “bands”

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13
Q

Actin

A

I band

Light

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14
Q

Myosin

A

A band
Entire length
Inside part

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15
Q

Sarcomere

A

Contractile unit of muscle fiber

Made of over lapping mayo filaments

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16
Q

Cross bridges

A

Myosin heads that attach to binding sites

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17
Q

Origin

A

Immovable

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18
Q

Insertion

A

Attachment to moveable bone

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19
Q

Prime mover

A

Major responsibility for movement

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20
Q

Antagonist

A

Opposes prime mover

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21
Q

Synergist

A

Aids prime mover

Prevents unwanted movement

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22
Q

Fixator

A

Holds bone still

Stabilizes joint

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23
Q

Flexion

A

Decrease angle

Bones closer

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24
Q

Extension

A

Increases angle

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25
Q

Abduction

A

Limb away from midline

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26
Q

Adduction

A

Towards midline

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27
Q

Rotation

A

Movement around longitudinal

“No”

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28
Q

Circumduction

A

Combination

29
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Towards shin

30
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

Toes down

31
Q

Inversion

A

Medially

32
Q

Eversion

A

Laterally

33
Q

Supination

A

Forearm rotates laterally so palm faces anteriorly(parallel)

34
Q

Pronation

A

Forearm rotates medially so palm faces posteriorly(radius over ulna)

35
Q

Frontalis

A

Raise eyebrows

36
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Closes eyes, squints, blink, wink

37
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Closes mouth, and protrudes lips

38
Q

Buccinator

A

Flattens cheek

Chew

39
Q

Zygomaticus

A

Raises corners of mouth

Smiling

40
Q

Masseter

A

Prime mover of jaw closure

Elevates mandible

41
Q

Temporalis

A

Synergist of masseter

Closes jaw

42
Q

Platysma

A

Pulls corners of mouth inferiorly

43
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Flexes neck

Rotates heAd

44
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Adduct & flexes humerus

45
Q

External intercostals

A

Raises rib cage

46
Q

Internal intercostals

A

Depresses rib cage

47
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Flexes vertebral column

Compresses abdominal contents

48
Q

Obliques

A

Flex vertebral column
Rotates trunk
Bend laterally

49
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

Compresses abdominal contents

50
Q

Trapezius

A

Elevates, depresses, adducts, stabilizes scapula

Extends neck

51
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Extends adducts humerus

Swimmers muscle

52
Q

Erector spinae

A

Back extension
3 muscle groups
Spine fixators

53
Q

Deltoid

A

Arm abduction

54
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Flexes elbow

Supinate a forearm

55
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Elbow extension

56
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Hip extension

57
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Hip abduction

Steadies pelvis

58
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Deep 2-part for hip Flexion

Keeps upper body from falling backwards

59
Q

Adductor muscles

A

Adducts thighs

60
Q

Hamstring group

A

Thigh/hip extension & knee Flexion
Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

61
Q

Sartorius

A

Weak thigh flexor

“Tailors”

62
Q

Quadriceps group

A 
Extends knee & flexes hip
Rectus femoris 
Vastus lateralis 
Vastus medialis 
Vastus intermedius
63
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Dorsiflexion & foot inversion

64
Q

Fibularis muscle

A

Plantar Flexion & foot inversion

65
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

2-bellied
Prime mover for plantar Flexion
Inserts into calcaneal tendon

66
Q

Soleus

A

Plantar Flexion

67
Q

Intramuscular injection
Less than 5ml
More than
Infants

A

Deltoid
Gluteus medius
Vastus lateralis

Rectus femoris

68
Q

Function

A

Produce movement
Generate heat
Stabilize joints
Maintain posture

Anatomy (4 decks)

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