Muscular System

Question 1

proprioception

Answer 1

subconscious mechanism by which body is able to regulate posture & movement by responding to stimuli originating in proprioceptors of the joints, tendons, muscles, & inner ear

Question 2

kinesthesis

Answer 2

conscious awareness of position & movement of the body in space

Question 3

proprioceptors

Answer 3

internal receptors located in skin, joints, muscles, & tendons (e.g., muscle spindles and GTOs)

Question 4

eccentric contraction

Answer 4

muscle lengthening under active tension

Question 5

concentric contraction

Answer 5

muscle shortening under active tension

Question 6

motor unit

Answer 6

motor neuron and muscle fibers it innervates

Question 7

all or none principle

Answer 7

individual muscle fibers within a given motor unit will fire and contract either maximally or not at all

Question 8

slow fiber

Answer 8

higher resistance to fatigue, but generally produce less tension than fast fibers

Question 9

fast fiber

Answer 9

produce greater force due to greater shortening velocity, but fatigues faster

Question 10

muscle length-tension relationship

Answer 10

• as length increases, the amount of active tension increases
• as length decreases, the amount of active tension decreases

Question 11

muscle force-velocity relationship

Answer 11

• rate of length change is related to the amount of force potential.
• increase in weight will increase velocity of lengthening
• weight increases, eccentric lengthening increases, concentric lengthening decreases
• weight decreases, eccentric lengthening decreases, concentric lengthening increases