Muscular System

Question 1

Functions

Answer 1

Motion, posture, regulation of organ volume, pumps blood, thermogenesis, protection of internal organs, and move food through digestive system

Question 2

Elasticity

Answer 2

ability of muscle to return to its normal resting length after being stretched or contracted

Question 3

Excitability

Answer 3

ability of muscle to receive and respond to a stimulus (nerve impulse)

Question 4

Extensibility

Answer 4

ability of muscle to be elongated or stretched

Question 5

Contractibility

Answer 5

ability of muscle to become short and thick while producing movement

Question 6

Contractibility

Answer 6

ability of muscle to become short and thick while producing movement

Question 7

Skeletal muscle

Answer 7

functions-motion, thermogenesis, posture, protection of internal organs; attached to bones by tendons; striated; voluntary

Question 8

Smooth muscle

Answer 8

functions-controls diameter of blood vessels; peristalsis-move food through digestive system and push urine to bladder and out of bladder; in walls of hollow organs (stomach, bladder, intestines); non-striated, involuntary

Question 9

Cardiac muscle

Answer 9

function- contractions of heart to pump blood; forms the myocardium (inside muscle layer) of heart; striated, involuntary

Question 10

Origin

Answer 10

immovable end, most mass, proximally located, larger surface area

Question 11

Insertion

Answer 11

movable end, smaller surface area, least mass, distally located

Question 12

Agonist (prime mover)

Answer 12

responsible for majority of force when in motion

Question 13

Antagonist

Answer 13

performs opposite movement of agonist

Question 14

Synergist

Answer 14

muscle therapy assists agonist by providing additional force

Question 15

Fixator (stabilizer)

Answer 15

muscle that stabilizes a point or body position

Question 16

Fibromyalgia

Answer 16

chronic disorder that causes pain and tenderness, fatigue, trouble sleeping, unknown cause

Question 17

Muscular dystrophy

Answer 17

group of genetic disease, muscle replaced by fat and fibrous tissue, death in 20s and 30s from respiratory and cardiac muscle failure, atrophy of skeletal muscles, almost exclusive male (targets x-chromosome)

Question 18

Medial tibial stress syndrome

Answer 18

shin splints, excessive training of flexor digitorium longus, caused by running on hard surfaces, walking up and down hills, overbuilt gastrocnemius

Question 19

Muscle strain

Answer 19

overstretching or tearing of muscle or tendon fibers, pain, bruising, swelling, RICE-rest, ice, compression, elevation

Question 20

Muscle spasm

Answer 20

involuntary muscle contraction, massage, heat then cold