Muscular Pathology

Question 1

Agonist

Answer 1

The muscle that produces the primary mvmt

Question 2

Antagonist

Answer 2

The muscle that works against the mvmt

Question 3

Abduction

Answer 3

Mvmt of body parts away from the midline

Question 4

Adduction

Answer 4

mvmt of body parts toward the midline

Question 5

Inversion

Answer 5

Turning the sole of the foot inward

Question 6

Eversion

Answer 6

Turning the sole of the foot outward

Question 7

Elevation

Answer 7

raising a body part(shoulders)

Question 8

Depression

Answer 8

lowering a body part

Question 9

Flexion

Answer 9

Bending a joint or decreasing the angle

Question 10

Extension

Answer 10

Straightening a joint; increasing the angle

Question 11

Hyperextension

Answer 11

Straightening a joint beyond it normal ROM

Question 12

Dorsiflexion

Answer 12

bending your ankles so your toes are up

Question 13

Plantar Flexion

Answer 13

bending your ankle so your toes are pointing down

Question 14

Rotation

Answer 14

mvmt of a body part around its longitudinal axis

Question 15

Pronation

Answer 15

turning the palm of the hand dorsally

Question 16

Supination

Answer 16

Turning the palm of the hand ventrally

Question 17

Circumduction

Answer 17

Rotation of the limb in a circle

Question 18

Opposition

Answer 18

Approximating the thumbs to each finger

Question 19

Ataxia

Answer 19

without coordination

Question 20

Hemiparesis

Answer 20

half of the body weakly paralyzed

Question 21

Hemiplegia

Answer 21

half of the body fully paralyzed

Question 22

Adhesion

Answer 22

Scar tissue that can develop in muscle post-injury

Question 23

Atrophy

Answer 23

Wasting away of disintegration of muscle

Question 24

CTS

Answer 24

pinching of the median nerve through the carpal tunnel

Question 25

Dystaxia

Answer 25

Bad Coordination

Question 26

Fasciitis

Answer 26

Inflammation of fascia

Question 27

Impingement Syndrome

Answer 27

Tendonitis in the shoulder due to OA and overuse

Question 28

Myalgia

Answer 28

pain in muscle

Question 29

Myorrhexis

Answer 29

Rupture of muscle

Question 30

Contracture

Answer 30

Permanent tightening of flexor muscles via atrophy

Question 31

Muscular dystrophy (DMD)

Answer 31

genetic condition where muscles pathologically atrophy, develops by the age of 2-4 usually in boys, rapidly progresses til death at age 18-25

Question 32

Plantar Fasciitis

Answer 32

pain in the sole of the foot due to falling arch/stretching of plantar fasciitis

Question 33

Quadriplegia

Answer 33

4 extremities paralyzed

Question 34

Sarcopenia

Answer 34

atrophy in elderly population

Question 35

Spasm

Answer 35

tightening of a muscle abnormally

Question 36

Strain

Answer 36

Muscle or tendon tear; grade 1-3

Question 37

Tremor

Answer 37

Shaking of the muscle abnormally (Parkinson’s Disease)

Question 38

RICE

Answer 38

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Question 39

Tenotomy

Answer 39

Surgical incision of tendon

Question 40

Tenalgia

Answer 40

Pain in the tendon

Question 41

Biopsy

Answer 41

extraction of the tissue for examination

Question 42

Deep Tendon Reflexes

Answer 42

used to check nerve functionality in muscles

Question 43

Electromyogram

Answer 43

test to validate muscle can contract normally

Question 44

Goniometry

Answer 44

the method used to measure ROM

Question 45

Nuclear Medicine Imaging

Answer 45

“Bone scan” is used to detect cancerous tumors by using a radioactive tracer

Question 46

Radiography

Answer 46

Field of imaging all of them (x-ray, etc

Question 47

Sonography

Answer 47

Ultrasound

Question 48

Analgesic

Answer 48

Pain reliever

Question 49

Anti-inflammatory

Answer 49

NSAID or Steroid

Question 50

Antispasmodic

Answer 50

Muscle Relaxer

Question 51

Narcotic

Answer 51

Pain control

Question 52

NSAID

Answer 52

Over-the-counter medication