Muscoskeletal system Flashcards
How many muscles are in the body?
650 muscles in the body
What type of muscle is found in the heart?
Cardiac muscle
What is the primary function of cardiac muscle?
Causes the heart’s contractions that pump blood around the body
Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
What is the function of skeletal muscle?
Covers the bones
Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary
What type of muscle is found in the digestive organs?
Smooth muscle
What triggers the contraction of smooth muscle?
Release of hormones or signals from the nervous system
Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
What is a tendon?
Connects skeletal muscle to bones
What are slow-twitch muscle fibers known for?
Can contract slowly and for prolonged periods of time
What type of activities are slow-twitch muscle fibers active in?
Endurance activities such as running a marathon
What are fast-twitch muscle fibers known for?
Contracts quickly with force for sudden bursts of energy
What type of activities are fast-twitch muscle fibers active in?
Activities that involve short bursts such as sprinting or jumping
What is bone primarily made of?
Hard, dense connective tissue
What are the primary functions of bone?
Structure, support, stability, and protection of organs
How many bones are in the human body?
206 bones
What is cancellous bone?
Spongy/honeycomb structure at the end of long bones
What is compact bone?
Hard, outer layer of all bones
What is the periosteum?
Thin membrane that covers bone
What is the function of bone marrow?
/2
- Contains blood vessels
- Site where red and white blood cells and platelets are produced
What are long bones?
Bones that are longer than they are wide
Give examples of long bones.
- Clavicle
- Humerus
- Radius
- Ulna
- Femur
- Fibula
- Tibia
What are irregular bones?
Bones that make up the spinal cord
Give examples of irregular bones.
- Vertebrae
- Facial bones
What are short bones?
Cube-shaped bones in the hands and feet
Give examples of short bones.
- Carpus
- Patella
- Tarsus
What are flat bones?
Bones with a flattened, broad surface to shield and protect internal organs
Give examples of flat bones.
- Sternum
- Ribs
- Pelvis
