muscloskeletal

Question 1

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 1

chronic systemic disease. inflammation of connective tissue destroying joints internally (hands,wrists,elbows,knees,ankles)

Question 2

S/S of rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 2

painful stiffen joints, sore/achy joints, morning stiffness, joint pain, fever, weight loss, joint deformities, limited ROM, edema and tenderness in joints

Question 3

diagnostic test for rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 3

elevated ESR/WBC, serun rheumatoid factor, xray, decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit

Question 4

tx for rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 4

anti inflammatory agents, analgesics, corthicosteroids

Question 5

nursing interventions for rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 5

rest, proper body alignment, encourage self preformance (feeding, brushing teeth/hair), ROM within tolerence

Question 6

osteoarthritis

Answer 6

local joint disorder affecting (hips, knees) by weight bearing (disintegration of cartilage) from aging, joint trauma and obesity

Question 7

S/S of osteoarthritis

Answer 7

pain after exercise (relieved by rest), muscle spasms, limited ROM

Question 8

diagnostic test for osteoarthrites

Answer 8

xray

Question 9

tx for osteoarthritis

Answer 9

analgesics, anti inflammatory and steriods

Question 10

nursing interventions for osteoarthritis

Answer 10

Weight loss, hot packs, massage, rest

Question 11

gout

Answer 11

excessive amount of uric acid in blood (uric acid in joints (big toe) and cartilage. men 30 years and older

Question 12

S/S of gout

Answer 12

acute pain, swelling, inflammation, warm/swollen/tender joint, limited ROM, tophi

Question 13

diagnostic test for gout

Answer 13

elevated uric acid, ERS and WBC

Question 14

nursing intervention for gout

Answer 14

Low purine diet, prevent pressure on feet (linen), increase fluid intake, limit alcohol intake

Question 15

osteomyelitis

Answer 15

infection of the bone (bacteria enters bloodstream through an open fracture or wound

Question 16

S/S of osteomyelitis

Answer 16

tenderness of bones, painful/limited movement, fever, hot, swelling, redness, sepsis, wound drainage

Question 17

diagnostic test for osteomyelitis

Answer 17

blood culture,elevated ESR/WBC, xray

Question 18

tx for osteomyelitis

Answer 18

long term IV antibiotics, wound care, removal of bone

Question 19

nursing intervention of osteomyelitis

Answer 19

sterile tech, proper alignment with pillows and sandbags, high calorie/protein/hydration, rest

Question 20

osteoporosis

Answer 20

metabolic bone disorder (bone mass is decreased) bones becomes weak and brittle

Question 21

osteoporosis most common in

Answer 21

postmenopausal women (deficit of estrogen, calcium) affects vertebrae, pelvis, hip, wrist and femur

Question 22

S/S of osteoporosis

Answer 22

backache (sitting,standing, coughing and sneezing), kyphosis, height loss, fractures

Question 23

diagnostic test for osteoprosis

Answer 23

xray

Question 24

tx for osteoporosis

Answer 24

estrogen replacement, high calcium/protein, vit D

Question 25

nursing interventions for osteoporosis

Answer 25

assist patient (walkers, canes), support spine, increase fluid, high protein/calcium, daily activity/exercise, ROM, safety

Question 26

fatty embolism

Answer 26

small fat globules are released from yellow bone marrow into the bloodstream

Question 27

compartment syndrome

Answer 27

pressure in one or more limb compartments increases causing massive circulation impairment to the area

Question 28

greenstick fracture

Answer 28

often seen in children. bone is bent and fractures on the outer arc of the bend

Question 29

cast care

Answer 29

assess warmth, color, circulation, and movement Q1-2hrs, pulse, capillary refill, sensation (nerve damage), edema, pain

Question 30

do’s of cast care

Answer 30

make sure pt can wiggle distal digits, assess for tightness and rough/frayed edges, keep cast dry during bathing, grab with palms not fingers, cast drying can cause heat

Question 31

donts of cast care

Answer 31

dont dry with blow dryer (air dry), turn Q 1-2hr for drying, dont place on a surface, dont move limb, dont use skin products on affected limb, dont stick anything in cast

Question 32

bucks traction

Answer 32

straight pull

Question 33

russell traction

Answer 33

sling

Question 34

bryant traction

Answer 34

child, both limbs

Question 35

skeletal traction

Answer 35

wires, pins, tongs, halos

Question 36

care for tractions

Answer 36

inspect (knots, ropes, weights and pulleys ever 8-12hrs. pins/wires sterile tech

Question 37

post op care for amputation

Answer 37

monitor for hemorrhage,ace bandages, elevate limb 8-12hrs on pillow, remove after 12hrs, dont hang limb, have pt push against firm surface, massage limb, ambulation and physical therapy