Muscles - Origin Insertion Innervation Action Flashcards
Orbicularis oris
O - maxilla and mandible
I - lips
N - facial nerve VII
A - compresses, purses lips
Orbicularis oculi
O - medial margin of orbit
I - skin around eyelids
N - facial nerve VII
A - closes eye
Frontalis
O -
I -
N -
A -
Masseter
O - aponeurosis and bones of the zygomatic arch
I - lateral surface and angle of mandibular ramus
N - trigeminal nerve (V), mandibular branch
A - elevates mandible and closes jaws, assists in protracting and retracting mandible and moving mandible side to side
Temporalis
O -
I -
N -
A -
Sternocleidomastoid
O -
I -
N -
A -
Diaphragm
O -
I -
N -
A -
Rectus abdominis
O -
I -
N -
A -
Serratus anterior
O - anterior and superior margins of ribs 1-8, 1-9, or 1-10
I - anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula
N - long thoracic nerve C5-C7
A - protracts shoulder, rotates scapula so glenoid cavity moves superiorly
Trapezius
O - occipital bone
I - clavicle and scapula
N - accessory nerve XI
A - may elevate, retract, depress, or rotate scapula or clavicle
Deltoid
O - clavicle and scapula
I - deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N - axillary nerve C5-C6
A - abduction of shoulder, anterior part: flexion and medial rotation of humerus, posterior part: extensionand lateral rotation of humerus
Rotator cuff
SITS muscles, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis
Teres major
O - inferior angle of scapula
I - medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
N - lower subscapular nerve C5-C6
A - extension and medial rotation at shoulder
Rhomboid major
O - Ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes of vertebrae T2 to T5
I - vertebral border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
N - dorsal scapular nerve C5
A - adducts and performs downward rotation of the scapula
Biceps brachii (short and long head)
O - short head from coracoid process, long head from the supraglenoid tubercle (both on scapula)
I - radial tuberosity
N - musculocutaneous nerve C5-C6
A - flexion at elbow and shoulder, supination of forearm and hand by lateral rotation of radius at radioulnar joints
Triceps brachii, long head
O - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I - olecranon of ulna
N - radial nerve C6-C8
A - extension at elbow, plus extension and adduction at shoulder
Pectoralis major
O - cartilages of ribs 2-6, body of sternum, and inferior, medial portion of clavicle
I - crest if greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
N - medial and lateral pectoral nerves C5-T1
A - flexion, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder
Latissimus dorsi
O - spinous processes of inferior thoracic and all lumbar and sacral vertebrae
I - floor of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
N - thoracodorsal nerve C6-C8
A - extension, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder
Gluteus maximus
O - iliac crest, posterior gluteal line, and lateral surface of the ilium
I - iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
N - inferior gluteal nerce L5-S2
A - extebsion and lateral rotation at hip, helps stabilize the extended knee, and abduction at the hip
Gluteus medius
O - anterior iliac crest, lateral surface of ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
I - greater trochanter of femur
N - superior gluteal nerve L4-S1
A - abduction and medial rotation at hip
Sartorius
O - anterior superior iliac spine
I - medial surface of tibia near tibial tuberosity
N - femoral nerve L2-L3
A - flexion at knee
abduction, flexion, and lateral rotation at hip
Biceps femoris (long head)
O - ischial tuberosity I - head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia N - sciatic nerve A - flexion at knee extension and lateral rotation at hip
Rectus femoris
O - anterior inferior iliac spine
I - tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon, patella, and patellar ligament
N - femoral nerve L2-L4
A - extension at knee, flexion at hip
Gastrocnemius
O - femoral condyles
I - base of fifth metatarsal bone
N - tibial nerve S1-S2
A - plantar flexion at ankle, flexion at knee
Anterior tibialis
O -
I -
N -
A - dorsaflexion of foot
