Muscles OIIA Flashcards
1
Q
external intercostals
insertion
A
upper margin of next lower rib- chondro-osseous junction
2
Q
external intercostals
innervation
A
anterior rami of intercostals nn.
3
Q
external intercostals
action
A
raises ribs (inspiration) supports intercostal spaces stabilizes chest wall
4
Q
internal intercostals
origin
A
lower margin of rib- costal angle
*fibers run obliquely upward
U
5
Q
internal intercostals
insertion
A
upper margin of next lower rib- sternum
6
Q
internal intercostals
innervation
A
anterior rami of intercostal nn.
7
Q
internal intercostals
action
A
lowers ribs (expiration) supports intercostal spaces stabilizes chest wall
8
Q
innermost intercostals
origin
*same as internal intercostals
A
lower margin of rib- costal angle
*fibers run obliquely upward
U
9
Q
innermost intercostals
insertion
*same as internal intercostals
A
upper margin of next lower rib - sternum
10
Q
innermost intercostals
innervation
*same as intercostals
A
anterior rami of intercostal nn.
11
Q
innermost intercostals
action
*same as internal intercostals
A
lowers ribs (expiration) supports intercostal spaces stabilizes chest wall
12
Q
transversus thoracis
origin
A
inner surface of sternum and xiphoid process
13
Q
transversus thoracis
insertion
A
costal cartilage
inner surface of 2nd to 6th ribs
14
Q
transversus thoracis
innervation
A
2nd to 6th intercostal nn.
15
Q
transversus thoracis
actions
A
weakly lowers ribs (expiration)
16
Q
diaphragm
origin
A
7th to 12 ribs;
L1-L3 vertebral bodies, IV disks and anterior and longitudinal ligament as R and L crura;
Lateral and medial arcuate ligaments;
Xiphoid process
17
Q
diaphragm
insertion
A
central tendon
18
Q
diaphragm
innervation
A
phrenic n.
C3-C5 cervical plexus
19
Q
diaphragm
action
A
respiration
aids in compressing abdominal viscera
20
Q
external oblique
origin
A
outer surface of 5th to 12th ribs
21
Q
external oblique
insertion
A
linea alba
pubic tubercle
anterior iliac crest
22
Q
external oblique
innervation
A
intercostal n.
T7-T12
23
Q
external oblique
action
A
Unilateral:
bends trunk ipsilateral
rotates trunk contralateral
Bilateral:
Flexes trunk
compresses abdomen
stabilizes pelvis
24
Q
internal oblique
origin
A
thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
ASIS
iliopsoas fascia
25
internal oblique
| insertion
lower borders of 10th to 12th ribs
| linea alba
26
internal oblique
| innervation
intercostal n.
T7-T12
iliohypogastric n.
ilioinguinal n.
27
internal oblique
action
*same as external oblique action
Unilateral:
bends trunk ipsilateral,
rotates trunk contralateral
Bilateral:
Flexes trunk,
compresses abdomen,
stabilizes pelvis
28
transversus abdominis
| origin
```
Inner surfaces of 7th to 12th costal cartilages,
Thoracolumbar fascia,
Iliac crest,
ASIS- inner lip,
Ilipsoas fascia
```
29
external intercostals
| origin
lower margin of rib- costal tubercle
*fibers run obliquely forward
F
30
transversus abdominis
| insertion
linea alba
| pubic crest
31
transversus abdominis
| innervation
intercostal n.
T7-T12
iliohypogastric n.
ilioinguinal n.
32
transversus abdominis
| action
unilateral: rotates trunk ipsilateral
bilateral: compresses abdomen
33
rectus abdominis
| origin
Lateral head: pubic crest to pubic tubercle
| Medial head: anterior part of pubic symphysis
34
rectus abdominis
| insertion
cartilages of ribs 5-7
| xiphoid process of sternum
35
rectus abdominis
| innervation
intercostal nn.
| T5-T12
36
rectus abdominis
| action
flexes trunk
compresses abdomen
stabilizes pelvis
37
psoas major
| origin
T12-L4 vertebral bodies and associated IV disks
| L1-L5 costal processes
38
psoas major
| insertion
lesser trochanter of femur
| joint insertion as iliopsoas muscle
39
psoas major
| innervation
direct branches from lumbar plexus L2-L4
40
psoas major
| actions
Hip joint: flexion, external rotation
Lumbar spine:
Unilateral: contraction bends trunk laterally
Bilateral: contraction raises trunk from supine position
41
psoas minor
| origin
T12, L1 vertebrae and IV disk
42
psoas minor
| insertion
lesser trochanter of femur
43
psoas minor
innervation
*same as psoas major
direct branches from lumbar plexus L2-L4
44
psoas minor
| action
weak trunk flexor
45
iliacus
| origin
iliac fossa
46
iliacus
insertion
*same as psoas major and minor
lesser trochanter of femur,
| joint insertion as iliopsoas muscle
47
iliacus
| innervation
femoral n.
| L2-L4
48
iliacus
| action
flexes thigh
stabilizes hip joint
acts with psoas major
49
quadratus lumborum
| origin
iliac crest
| iliolumbar ligament
50
quadratus lumborum
| insertion
12th rib
| L1-L4 transverse process
51
quadratus lumborum
| innervation
T12, L1-L4 spinal nn.
52
quadratus lumborum
| action
Unilateral: bends trunk to same side
Bilateral: bearing down and expiration, stabilizes 12th rib
53
Levator ani:
puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
common origin
superior pubic ramus
pubis
tendinous arch
54
levator ani
| insertion
anococcygeal ligament
| coccyx
55
levator ani
| innervation
direct branches of sacral plexus
S4
inferior anal n.
56
levator ani
| action
pelvic diaphragm: supports pelvic viscera
57
coccygeus
| origin
inferior end of sacrum
58
coccygeus
| insertion
ischial spine
59
coccygeus
| innervation
direct branches from sacral plexus
| S4-S5
60
coccygeus
| action
supports pelvic viscera
| flexes coccyx
61
piriformis
| origin
pelvic surfaces of sacrum
62
piriformis
| insertion
apex of greater trochanter of femur
63
piriformis
| innervation
direct branches from sacral plexus
| S1-S2
64
piriformis
| action
Hip joint:
external rotation
stabilization
abduction of flexed hip
65
obturator internus
| origin
inner surface of obturator membrane and bony boundaries
66
obturator internus
| insertion
Greater trochanter- medial surface of femur
67
obturator internus
| action
hip joint:
external rotation
abduction of flexed hip
68
superficial transverse perineal
| origin
ischial ramus
69
superficial transverse perineal
| insertion
perineal body
70
superficial transverse perineal
| innervation
pudendal n.
| S2-S4
71
superficial transverse perineal
| action
holds pelvic organs in place
| closes urethra
72
external anal sphincter
| origin and insertion
encircles anus - posteriorly from perineal body to anococcygeal lig.
73
external anal sphincter
| innervation
pudendal n.
| S2-S4
74
external anal sphincter
| action
closes anus
75
ischiocavernosus
| origin
ischial ramus
76
ischiocavernosus
| insertion
crus of clitoris/penis
77
ischiocavernosus
| innervation
pudendal n.
| S2-S4
78
ischiocavernosus
| action
Maintains erection by squeezing blood into corpus cavernosum of clitoris/penis
79
bulbospongiosus
| origin and insertion
runs anteriorly from perineal body to clitoris/penile raphe
80
bulbospongiosus
| innervation
pudendal n.
| S2-S4
81
bulbospongiosus
| action
Females: compresses greater vestibular gland
Males: assists in erection
82
Sternocleidomastoid
| origin
manubrium of sternum
| medial 1/3 of clavicle
83
sternocleidomastoid
| insertion
mastoid process of temporal bone
| superior nuchal line of occipital bone
84
sternocleidomastoid
| innervation
Motor:
accessory nerve (CN XI)
Pain and proprioception:
cervical plexus at C2, C3
85
sternocleidomastoid
| action
bilateral:
extends head
aids in respiration when head is fixed
unilateral:
ipsilateral flexion
contralateral rotation
86
trapezius
| origin
EOP,
superior nuchal line,
nuchal ligament,
spinous processes C1- C7, then T1-T4, then T5-T12
87
trapezius
| insertion
lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion
scapular spine
88
trapezius
| innervation
```
Motor--> spinal accessory nerve
(CN XI)
Sensory --> C3, C4
Blood Supply:
transverse cervical artery
```
89
trapezius
| action
elevates, retracts, depresses scapula
90
platysma
| origin
skin over lower neck and upper lateral thorax
91
platysma
| insertion
inferior border of mandible
skin over lower face
angle of mouth
92
platysma
| action
depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth
tenses neck skin
aids in forced depression of mandible
93
sternothyroid
| origin
posterior surface of manubrium
94
sternothyroid
| insertion
oblique line of thyroid cartilage
95
sternothyroid
| innervation
ansa cervicalis
| C2-C3
96
sternothyroid
action
*infrahyoid muscle
Depresses hyoid
| Draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation and terminal phases of swallowing
97
sternohyoid
| origin
manubrium and SC joint- posterior surface
98
sternohyoid
| insertion
body of hyoid bone
99
sternohyoid
| innervation
ansa vervicalis of cervical plexus
| C1-C3
100
sternohyoid
action
*infrahyoid muscle
Depresses hyoid
| Draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation aand terminal phases of swallowing
101
omohyoid
| origin
superior border of scapula
102
omohyoid
| insertion
body of hyoid bone
103
omohyoid
| innervation
ansa cervicalis
| C1-C3
104
omohyoid
| action
Depresses hyoid
| draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation and terminal phases of swallowing
105
thyrohyoid
| origin
oblique line of thyroid cartilage
106
thyrohyoid
| insertion
body of hyoid bone
107
thyrohyoid
| innervation
C1 via hypoglossal n.
| CN XII
108
thyrohyoid
| action
Depresses and fixes hyoid
| Raises the larynx during swallowing
109
digastric
| origin
anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible
posterior belly: temporal bone
110
digastric
| insertion
body of hyoid bone
111
digastric
| innervation
Anterior belly: mylohyoid n.
From CN V3
Posterior belly: facial n.
CN VII
112
digastric
| action
elevates hyoid bone during swallowing,
| assists in opening mandible
113
stylohyoid
| origin
styloid process of temporal bone
114
stylohyoid
| insertion
body of hyoid bone
115
stylohyoid
| innervation
facial n.
| CN VII
116
stylohyoid
| action
elevates hyoid bone during swallowing
| assists in opening mandible
117
mylohyoid
| origin
mylohyoidal line of mandible
118
mylohyoid
| insertion
body of hyoid bone
119
mylohyoid
| innervation
mylohyid n. from CN V3
120
mylohyoid
| action
Tightens and elevates oral floor
draws hyoid boen forward
assists in opening mandible and moving it side to side
121
geniohyoid
| origin
inferior mental spine of mandible
122
geniohyoid
| insertion
body of hyoid bone
123
geniohyoid
| innervation
anterior ramus of C1 via hypoglossal n.
| CN XII
124
geniohyoid
| action
Draws hyoid bone forward
| assists in opening mandible
125
buccinator
innervation
*facial muscle
facial n.
| CN VII
126
buccinator
action
*facial muscle
presses cheek against molar teeth,
expels air from oral cavity
unilateral: draws mouth to one side
127
occipitofrontalis
| innervation
facial n.
| CN VII
128
occipitofrontalis
action
*facial muscle
elevates supraciliary arches
| wrinkles forehead skin
129
orbicularis oculi
innervation
*facial
facial n.
| CN VII
130
orbicularis oculi
action
*facial
acts as orbital sphincter: closes eyelids
- palpebral part closes gently
- orbital part closes tightly (winking)
131
orbicularis oris
innervation
*facial
facial n.
| CN VII
132
orbicularis oris
| action
acts as oral sphincter:
compresses and protrudes lips
resists distension
133
masseter
origin
*mastication
zygomatic arch
134
masseter
insertion
*mastication
masseteric tuberosity of mandibular angle
135
masseter
innervation
*mastication
CN V3- mandibular n.
136
masseter
action
*mastication
adducts and protrudes mandible
137
temporalis
origin
*mastication
inferior temporal line of temporal fossa
138
temporalis
insertion
*mastication
apex and medial surface of coronoid process on mandible
139
temporalis
innervation
*mastication
CN V3- mandibular n.
140
temporalis
action
*mastication
Vertical fibers: elevate mandible
Horizontal fibers: retract mandible
Unilateral: lateral movement of mandible (chewing)
141
lateral pterygoid
origin
*mastication
Superior head: greater wing of sphenoid bone (infratemporal crest)
Inferior head: lateral pterygoid plate (lateral crest)
142
lateral pterygoid
insertion
*mastication
superior head: TMJ (articular disk)
| inferior head: condylar process of mandible
143
lateral pterygoid
innervation
*mastication
CN V3- mandibular n.
144
lateral pterygoid
action
*mastication
Bilateral: protrudes mandible
Unilateral: lateral movements of mandible (chewing)
145
medial pterygoid
origin
*mastication
Superficial head: tuberosity on maxilla
| Deep head: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pterygoid fossa
146
medial pterygoid
insertion
*mastication
Pterygoid tuberosity on medial surface of mandibular angle
147
medial pterygoid
innervation
*mastication
CN V3- mandibular n.
148
medial pterygoid
action
*mastication
elevates mandible
149
cricothyroid
| action
tightens the vocal folds
150
posterior cricoarytenoid
| action
abducts the vocal folds
151
arytenoid muscles
| action
adducts the vocal folds
152
levator palpebrae superioris
| innervation
oculomotor n.
| CN III
153
levator palpebrae superioris
| action
elevates eyelid
154
superior oblique
| origin
sphenoid bone
155
ALL eye muscles
| insertion
sclera of eye
156
all eye muscles EXCEPT superior oblique and lateral rectus
| innervation
oculomotor
| CN III
157
superior oblique
| innervation
trochlear n.
| CN IV
158
lateral rectus
| innervation
abducent n.
| CN VI
159
inferior oblique
| origin
medial orbital margin
160
ALL rectus eye muscle
| origin
common tendinous ring
161
superior oblique
| action
depresses
abducts
rotates medially
162
inferior oblique
| action
elevates
abducts
rotates laterally
163
lateral rectus
| action
abducts eye
164
medial rectus
| action
adducts eye
165
superior rectus
| action
elevates
adducts
rotates medially
166
inferior rectus
| action
depresses
adducts
rotates laterally
167
Obturator internus
| Innervation
Direct branches from sacral plexus
| L5, S1
