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Gross Exam 3 > Muscles OIIA > Flashcards

Muscles OIIA Flashcards

1
Q

external intercostals

insertion

A

upper margin of next lower rib- chondro-osseous junction

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2
Q

external intercostals

innervation

A

anterior rami of intercostals nn.

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3
Q

external intercostals

action

A 
raises ribs (inspiration)
supports intercostal spaces
stabilizes chest wall
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4
Q

internal intercostals

origin

A

lower margin of rib- costal angle

*fibers run obliquely upward
U

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5
Q

internal intercostals

insertion

A

upper margin of next lower rib- sternum

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6
Q

internal intercostals

innervation

A

anterior rami of intercostal nn.

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7
Q

internal intercostals

action

A 
lowers ribs (expiration)
supports intercostal spaces
stabilizes chest wall
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8
Q

innermost intercostals
origin

*same as internal intercostals

A

lower margin of rib- costal angle

*fibers run obliquely upward
U

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9
Q

innermost intercostals
insertion

*same as internal intercostals

A

upper margin of next lower rib - sternum

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10
Q

innermost intercostals
innervation

*same as intercostals

A

anterior rami of intercostal nn.

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11
Q

innermost intercostals
action

*same as internal intercostals

A 
lowers ribs (expiration)
supports intercostal spaces
stabilizes chest wall
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12
Q

transversus thoracis

origin

A

inner surface of sternum and xiphoid process

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13
Q

transversus thoracis

insertion

A

costal cartilage

inner surface of 2nd to 6th ribs

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14
Q

transversus thoracis

innervation

A

2nd to 6th intercostal nn.

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15
Q

transversus thoracis

actions

A

weakly lowers ribs (expiration)

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16
Q

diaphragm

origin

A

7th to 12 ribs;
L1-L3 vertebral bodies, IV disks and anterior and longitudinal ligament as R and L crura;
Lateral and medial arcuate ligaments;
Xiphoid process

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17
Q

diaphragm

insertion

A

central tendon

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18
Q

diaphragm

innervation

A

phrenic n.

C3-C5 cervical plexus

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19
Q

diaphragm

action

A

respiration

aids in compressing abdominal viscera

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20
Q

external oblique

origin

A

outer surface of 5th to 12th ribs

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21
Q

external oblique

insertion

A

linea alba
pubic tubercle
anterior iliac crest

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22
Q

external oblique

innervation

A

intercostal n.

T7-T12

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23
Q

external oblique

action

A

Unilateral:
bends trunk ipsilateral
rotates trunk contralateral

Bilateral:
Flexes trunk
compresses abdomen
stabilizes pelvis

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24
Q

internal oblique

origin

A

thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
ASIS
iliopsoas fascia

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25
Q

internal oblique

insertion

A

lower borders of 10th to 12th ribs

linea alba

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26
Q

internal oblique

innervation

A

intercostal n.
T7-T12
iliohypogastric n.
ilioinguinal n.

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27
Q

internal oblique
action

*same as external oblique action

A

Unilateral:
bends trunk ipsilateral,
rotates trunk contralateral

Bilateral:
Flexes trunk,
compresses abdomen,
stabilizes pelvis

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28
Q

transversus abdominis

origin

A 
Inner surfaces of 7th to 12th costal cartilages, 
Thoracolumbar fascia,
Iliac crest,
ASIS- inner lip,
Ilipsoas fascia
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29
Q

external intercostals

origin

A

lower margin of rib- costal tubercle

*fibers run obliquely forward
F

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30
Q

transversus abdominis

insertion

A

linea alba

pubic crest

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31
Q

transversus abdominis

innervation

A

intercostal n.
T7-T12
iliohypogastric n.
ilioinguinal n.

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32
Q

transversus abdominis

action

A

unilateral: rotates trunk ipsilateral
bilateral: compresses abdomen

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33
Q

rectus abdominis

origin

A

Lateral head: pubic crest to pubic tubercle

Medial head: anterior part of pubic symphysis

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34
Q

rectus abdominis

insertion

A

cartilages of ribs 5-7

xiphoid process of sternum

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35
Q

rectus abdominis

innervation

A

intercostal nn.

T5-T12

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36
Q

rectus abdominis

action

A

flexes trunk
compresses abdomen
stabilizes pelvis

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37
Q

psoas major

origin

A

T12-L4 vertebral bodies and associated IV disks

L1-L5 costal processes

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38
Q

psoas major

insertion

A

lesser trochanter of femur

joint insertion as iliopsoas muscle

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39
Q

psoas major

innervation

A

direct branches from lumbar plexus L2-L4

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40
Q

psoas major

actions

A

Hip joint: flexion, external rotation

Lumbar spine:
Unilateral: contraction bends trunk laterally
Bilateral: contraction raises trunk from supine position

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41
Q

psoas minor

origin

A

T12, L1 vertebrae and IV disk

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42
Q

psoas minor

insertion

A

lesser trochanter of femur

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43
Q

psoas minor
innervation

*same as psoas major

A

direct branches from lumbar plexus L2-L4

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44
Q

psoas minor

action

A

weak trunk flexor

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45
Q

iliacus

origin

A

iliac fossa

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46
Q

iliacus
insertion

*same as psoas major and minor

A

lesser trochanter of femur,

joint insertion as iliopsoas muscle

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47
Q

iliacus

innervation

A

femoral n.

L2-L4

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48
Q

iliacus

action

A

flexes thigh
stabilizes hip joint
acts with psoas major

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49
Q

quadratus lumborum

origin

A

iliac crest

iliolumbar ligament

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50
Q

quadratus lumborum

insertion

A

12th rib

L1-L4 transverse process

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51
Q

quadratus lumborum

innervation

A

T12, L1-L4 spinal nn.

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52
Q

quadratus lumborum

action

A

Unilateral: bends trunk to same side

Bilateral: bearing down and expiration, stabilizes 12th rib

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53
Q

Levator ani:
puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus

common origin

A

superior pubic ramus
pubis
tendinous arch

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54
Q

levator ani

insertion

A

anococcygeal ligament

coccyx

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55
Q

levator ani

innervation

A

direct branches of sacral plexus
S4
inferior anal n.

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56
Q

levator ani

action

A

pelvic diaphragm: supports pelvic viscera

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57
Q

coccygeus

origin

A

inferior end of sacrum

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58
Q

coccygeus

insertion

A

ischial spine

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59
Q

coccygeus

innervation

A

direct branches from sacral plexus

S4-S5

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60
Q

coccygeus

action

A

supports pelvic viscera

flexes coccyx

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61
Q

piriformis

origin

A

pelvic surfaces of sacrum

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62
Q

piriformis

insertion

A

apex of greater trochanter of femur

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63
Q

piriformis

innervation

A

direct branches from sacral plexus

S1-S2

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64
Q

piriformis

action

A

Hip joint:
external rotation
stabilization
abduction of flexed hip

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65
Q

obturator internus

origin

A

inner surface of obturator membrane and bony boundaries

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66
Q

obturator internus

insertion

A

Greater trochanter- medial surface of femur

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67
Q

obturator internus

action

A

hip joint:
external rotation
abduction of flexed hip

68
Q

superficial transverse perineal

origin

A

ischial ramus

69
Q

superficial transverse perineal

insertion

A

perineal body

70
Q

superficial transverse perineal

innervation

A

pudendal n.

S2-S4

71
Q

superficial transverse perineal

action

A

holds pelvic organs in place

closes urethra

72
Q

external anal sphincter

origin and insertion

A

encircles anus - posteriorly from perineal body to anococcygeal lig.

73
Q

external anal sphincter

innervation

A

pudendal n.

S2-S4

74
Q

external anal sphincter

action

A

closes anus

75
Q

ischiocavernosus

origin

A

ischial ramus

76
Q

ischiocavernosus

insertion

A

crus of clitoris/penis

77
Q

ischiocavernosus

innervation

A

pudendal n.

S2-S4

78
Q

ischiocavernosus

action

A

Maintains erection by squeezing blood into corpus cavernosum of clitoris/penis

79
Q

bulbospongiosus

origin and insertion

A

runs anteriorly from perineal body to clitoris/penile raphe

80
Q

bulbospongiosus

innervation

A

pudendal n.

S2-S4

81
Q

bulbospongiosus

action

A

Females: compresses greater vestibular gland
Males: assists in erection

82
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

origin

A

manubrium of sternum

medial 1/3 of clavicle

83
Q

sternocleidomastoid

insertion

A

mastoid process of temporal bone

superior nuchal line of occipital bone

84
Q

sternocleidomastoid

innervation

A

Motor:
accessory nerve (CN XI)
Pain and proprioception:
cervical plexus at C2, C3

85
Q

sternocleidomastoid

action

A

bilateral:
extends head
aids in respiration when head is fixed

unilateral:
ipsilateral flexion
contralateral rotation

86
Q

trapezius

origin

A

EOP,
superior nuchal line,
nuchal ligament,
spinous processes C1- C7, then T1-T4, then T5-T12

87
Q

trapezius

insertion

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion
scapular spine

88
Q

trapezius

innervation

A 
Motor--> spinal accessory nerve
(CN XI)
Sensory --> C3, C4
Blood Supply:
transverse cervical artery
89
Q

trapezius

action

A

elevates, retracts, depresses scapula

90
Q

platysma

origin

A

skin over lower neck and upper lateral thorax

91
Q

platysma

insertion

A

inferior border of mandible
skin over lower face
angle of mouth

92
Q

platysma

action

A

depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth
tenses neck skin
aids in forced depression of mandible

93
Q

sternothyroid

origin

A

posterior surface of manubrium

94
Q

sternothyroid

insertion

A

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

95
Q

sternothyroid

innervation

A

ansa cervicalis

C2-C3

96
Q

sternothyroid
action

*infrahyoid muscle

A

Depresses hyoid

Draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation and terminal phases of swallowing

97
Q

sternohyoid

origin

A

manubrium and SC joint- posterior surface

98
Q

sternohyoid

insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

99
Q

sternohyoid

innervation

A

ansa vervicalis of cervical plexus

C1-C3

100
Q

sternohyoid
action

*infrahyoid muscle

A

Depresses hyoid

Draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation aand terminal phases of swallowing

101
Q

omohyoid

origin

A

superior border of scapula

102
Q

omohyoid

insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

103
Q

omohyoid

innervation

A

ansa cervicalis

C1-C3

104
Q

omohyoid

action

A

Depresses hyoid

draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation and terminal phases of swallowing

105
Q

thyrohyoid

origin

A

oblique line of thyroid cartilage

106
Q

thyrohyoid

insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

107
Q

thyrohyoid

innervation

A

C1 via hypoglossal n.

CN XII

108
Q

thyrohyoid

action

A

Depresses and fixes hyoid

Raises the larynx during swallowing

109
Q

digastric

origin

A

anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible

posterior belly: temporal bone

110
Q

digastric

insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

111
Q

digastric

innervation

A

Anterior belly: mylohyoid n.
From CN V3

Posterior belly: facial n.
CN VII

112
Q

digastric

action

A

elevates hyoid bone during swallowing,

assists in opening mandible

113
Q

stylohyoid

origin

A

styloid process of temporal bone

114
Q

stylohyoid

insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

115
Q

stylohyoid

innervation

A

facial n.

CN VII

116
Q

stylohyoid

action

A

elevates hyoid bone during swallowing

assists in opening mandible

117
Q

mylohyoid

origin

A

mylohyoidal line of mandible

118
Q

mylohyoid

insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

119
Q

mylohyoid

innervation

A

mylohyid n. from CN V3

120
Q

mylohyoid

action

A

Tightens and elevates oral floor
draws hyoid boen forward
assists in opening mandible and moving it side to side

121
Q

geniohyoid

origin

A

inferior mental spine of mandible

122
Q

geniohyoid

insertion

A

body of hyoid bone

123
Q

geniohyoid

innervation

A

anterior ramus of C1 via hypoglossal n.

CN XII

124
Q

geniohyoid

action

A

Draws hyoid bone forward

assists in opening mandible

125
Q

buccinator
innervation

*facial muscle

A

facial n.

CN VII

126
Q

buccinator
action

*facial muscle

A

presses cheek against molar teeth,
expels air from oral cavity

unilateral: draws mouth to one side

127
Q

occipitofrontalis

innervation

A

facial n.

CN VII

128
Q

occipitofrontalis
action

*facial muscle

A

elevates supraciliary arches

wrinkles forehead skin

129
Q

orbicularis oculi
innervation

*facial

A

facial n.

CN VII

130
Q

orbicularis oculi
action

*facial

A

acts as orbital sphincter: closes eyelids

  • palpebral part closes gently
  • orbital part closes tightly (winking)
131
Q

orbicularis oris
innervation

*facial

A

facial n.

CN VII

132
Q

orbicularis oris

action

A

acts as oral sphincter:
compresses and protrudes lips
resists distension

133
Q

masseter
origin

*mastication

A

zygomatic arch

134
Q

masseter
insertion

*mastication

A

masseteric tuberosity of mandibular angle

135
Q

masseter
innervation

*mastication

A

CN V3- mandibular n.

136
Q

masseter
action

*mastication

A

adducts and protrudes mandible

137
Q

temporalis
origin

*mastication

A

inferior temporal line of temporal fossa

138
Q

temporalis
insertion

*mastication

A

apex and medial surface of coronoid process on mandible

139
Q

temporalis
innervation

*mastication

A

CN V3- mandibular n.

140
Q

temporalis
action

*mastication

A

Vertical fibers: elevate mandible
Horizontal fibers: retract mandible
Unilateral: lateral movement of mandible (chewing)

141
Q

lateral pterygoid
origin

*mastication

A

Superior head: greater wing of sphenoid bone (infratemporal crest)
Inferior head: lateral pterygoid plate (lateral crest)

142
Q

lateral pterygoid
insertion

*mastication

A

superior head: TMJ (articular disk)

inferior head: condylar process of mandible

143
Q

lateral pterygoid
innervation

*mastication

A

CN V3- mandibular n.

144
Q

lateral pterygoid
action

*mastication

A

Bilateral: protrudes mandible
Unilateral: lateral movements of mandible (chewing)

145
Q

medial pterygoid
origin

*mastication

A

Superficial head: tuberosity on maxilla

Deep head: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pterygoid fossa

146
Q

medial pterygoid
insertion

*mastication

A

Pterygoid tuberosity on medial surface of mandibular angle

147
Q

medial pterygoid
innervation

*mastication

A

CN V3- mandibular n.

148
Q

medial pterygoid
action

*mastication

A

elevates mandible

149
Q

cricothyroid

action

A

tightens the vocal folds

150
Q

posterior cricoarytenoid

action

A

abducts the vocal folds

151
Q

arytenoid muscles

action

A

adducts the vocal folds

152
Q

levator palpebrae superioris

innervation

A

oculomotor n.

CN III

153
Q

levator palpebrae superioris

action

A

elevates eyelid

154
Q

superior oblique

origin

A

sphenoid bone

155
Q

ALL eye muscles

insertion

A

sclera of eye

156
Q

all eye muscles EXCEPT superior oblique and lateral rectus

innervation

A

oculomotor

CN III

157
Q

superior oblique

innervation

A

trochlear n.

CN IV

158
Q

lateral rectus

innervation

A

abducent n.

CN VI

159
Q

inferior oblique

origin

A

medial orbital margin

160
Q

ALL rectus eye muscle

origin

A

common tendinous ring

161
Q

superior oblique

action

A

depresses
abducts
rotates medially

162
Q

inferior oblique

action

A

elevates
abducts
rotates laterally

163
Q

lateral rectus

action

A

abducts eye

164
Q

medial rectus

action

A

adducts eye

165
Q

superior rectus

action

A

elevates
adducts
rotates medially

166
Q

inferior rectus

action

A

depresses
adducts
rotates laterally

167
Q

Obturator internus

Innervation

A

Direct branches from sacral plexus

L5, S1

Gross Exam 3 (2 decks)

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