Muscles- OIAN

Question 1

Quadriceps femoris m.

- Rectus Femoris

Answer 1

Origin: body of the ilium
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Flex hip, extend the stifle
Nerve: Femoral n.

Question 2

Quadriceps femoris

- Vastus lateralis

Answer 2

Origin: Lateral surface of the femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend the stifle join
Nerve: Femoral n.

Question 3

Quadriceps femoris m.

-Vastus medialis

Answer 3

Origin: Medial surface of the femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend the stifle joint
Nerve: Femoral n.

Question 4

Quadriceps femoris m.

- Vastus intermedius

Answer 4

Origin: Cranial surface of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend the stifle joint
Nerve: Femoral n.

Question 5

Tibialis cranialis m

Answer 5

Origin: Lateral condyle of the tibia
Insertion: Third metatarsal and tarsal bones 1 and 2
Action: Flex the hock joint
Nerve: Deep peroneal n.

Question 6

Peroneus tertius m.

Answer 6

Origin: Extensor fossa of femur
Insertion: third metatarsal, third tarsal, calcaneus and fourth tarsal bones
Action: Flex the hock when the stifle is flexed, extend stifle when tarsus extended
Nerve: Branches of deep peroneal n. (Sensory only)

Question 7

Long digital extensor m.

Answer 7

Origin: Extensor fossa of femur
Insertion: Extensor process of third phalanx
Action: Extend the stifle and digit and flex the hock
Nerve: Deep peroneal n.

Question 8

Lateral digital extensor m.

Answer 8

Origin: Lateral collateral ligament of stifle joint and adjacent areas of tibia and fibula
Insertion: Tendon of insertion of long digital extensor
Action:Extend the digit and flex the hock
Nerve: Superficial peroneal n.

Question 9

Gastrocnemius m.

Answer 9

Origin: supracondyloid tuberosity of femur
Insertion: Calcaneal tuberosity
Action: Flex the stifle and extend the hock
Nerve: Tibial n.

Question 10

Superficial digital flexor m.

Answer 10

Origin: Supracondyloid fossa femur
Action: Calcaneal tuber, proximal extremity of second phalanx and distal extremity of first phalanx.
Insertion: Flex the digit and extend the hock, flex stifle
Nerve: Tibial n.

Question 11

Deep digital flexor m.

Answer 11

Origin: Lateral condyle and lateral border of tibia and fibula
Insertion: Flexor surface of third phalanx
Action: Flex the digit and extend the hock
Nerve: Tibial n.

Question 12

Interosseus

Suspensory ligament

Answer 12

Origin: Distal row of tarsal bones, and proximal extremity of third metatarsal bone
Insertion: Abaxial surface of proximal sesamoids and conjoined tendon of insertion of the long and lateral digital extensor mm.
Action: Support the fetlock (prevent overextension)
Nerve: Branches of tibial (sensory only)

Question 13

Brachiocephalicus

- Cleidomastoideus

Answer 13

Origin: Clavicular intersection
Insertion: mastoid process
Action: unilateral- advances limb or turns head
Nerve: Accessory, axillary and cervical nerves

Question 14

Brachiocephalicus

-Cleidobrachialis

Answer 14

Origin: Clavicular intersection
Insertion: Crest of humerus
Action: bilateral- flexes head and neck
Nerve: accessory, axillary and cervical nerves

Question 15

Sternocephalicus m.

Answer 15

Origin: Manubrium of sternum
Insertion: Ramus of mandible
Action: Unilateral- turns head and neck, Bilateral-flexes head and neck
Nerve: Ventral br. Of accessory n

Question 16

Trapezius Cervicis m.

Answer 16

Origin: Funiculus nuchae
Insertion: spine of scapula
Action: Elevate, advance scapula
Nerve: Dorsal br. Of accessory nerve

Question 17

Trapezius Thoracis m.

Answer 17

Origin: Supraspinous ligament
Insertion: Spine of scapula
Action: Elevate, retract scapula
Nerve: Dorsal br of accessory nerve

Question 18

Gluteus medius m.

Answer 18

Origin: Aponeurosis of Longiss. Lumborum, ilium and sarcosciatic lig.
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Extend hip and abduct thigh
Nerve: Cranial and caudal gluteal

Question 19

Biceps femoris m.

Answer 19

Origin: Sacrum, sarcosciatic ligament, ischial tuber
Insertion: Fascia lata-patella. Lat. patellar ligament calcaneal tuber.
Action: Extend hip and Abduct thigh
Nerve: Caudal gluteal and sciatic

Question 20

Semitendinosus m.

Answer 20

Origin: Cd 1-2 and ventral part of ischial tuber
Insertion: Tibial crest, crural fascia, calcaneal tuber
Action: Extend hip, flex stifle, extend hock
Nerve: caudal gluteal and sciatic

Question 21

Gracilis m.

Answer 21

Origin: subpelvic tendon (pelvic symphysis)
Insertion: Medial patella ligament and medial surface of the tibia
Action: Adduct the limb
Nerve: Obturator n.