Muscles of upper extremity Flashcards by Leah Kellogg

Latissimus dorsi

Attachments: from lower thoracic spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia & iliac crest to the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Actions: humeral adduction, extension & medial rotation

Innervation: thoracodorsal n.

Blood supply: thoracodorsal a.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Levator scapulae (C4-5)

Attachments: from the upper cervical transverse processes to the superior angle of the scapula

Actions: elevation & inferior rotation of the lateral angle of the scapula

Innervation: dorsal scapular n.

Blood supply: deep branch of transverse cervical & vertebral aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pectoralis major

Attachments: from clavicle, costal cartilages & sternum to the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Actions: humeral adduction, flexion & medial rotation

Innervation: medial & lateral pectoral nn.

Blood supply: thoracoacromial a.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pectoralis minor

Attachments: from ribs 3-5 to the coracoid process of the scapula

Actions: scapular protraction & assists with depression of the shoulder (assists with forced inspiration [with scapular fixation])

Innervation: medial & lateral pectoral nn.

Blood supply: thoracoacromial, superior thoracic & lateral thoracic aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rhomboids (C4, 5)

Attachments: from the lower cervical & upper thoracic spinous processes to the medial border of the scapula

Actions: scapular retraction & inferior rotation of the lateral angle

Innervation: dorsal scapular n.

Blood supply: deep branch of transverse cervical & dorsal branches of posterior intercostal aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Serratus anterior (C5-7)

Attachments: from the upper 8-10 ribs to the deep, medial border of the scapula

Actions: scapular protraction & upward rotation of the lateral angle of the scapula

Innervation: long thoracic n.

Blood supply: lateral thoracic, superior thoracic, thoracodorsal & deep branch of transverse cervical aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Trapezius

Attachments: from the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, & cervical & thoracic spinous processes to the clavicle, acromion & scapular spine

Actions: scapular elevation, depression, retraction & superior rotation of the lateral angle

Innervation: accessory n. ( motor innervation) & C3-5 (sensory)

Blood supply: occipital (upper), superficial branch of the transverse cervical (middle) & deep branch of transverse cervical (lower) aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Omohyoid

Attachments: from the superior border of the scapula medial to the scapular notch to the lateral aspect of the hyoid passing through an intermediate tendon sling loosely associated with the clavicle & 1^st rib

Actions: depression of the hyoid

Innervation: ansa cervicalis

Blood supply: superior thyroid a.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Deltoid (C5, 6)

Attachments: from the clavicle, acromion & spine of the scapula to the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Actions: humeral flexion, medial rotation, abduction, extension & lateral rotation

Innervation: axillary n.

Blood supply: thoracoacromial, posterior & anterior circumflex humeral & profunda brachii aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Subscapularis

Attachments: from the subscapular fossa to the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Actions: stabilizes the glenohumeral joint, & medially rotates & adducts humerus

Innervation: upper & lower subscapular nn.

Blood supply: subscapular & axillary aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Supraspinatus

Attachments: from the supraspinous fossa to the greater tubercle of the humerus

Actions: initiates humeral abduction

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5, 6)

Blood supply: suprascapular & axillary aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Teres major

Attachments: from the inferior angle of the scapula to the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Actions: humeral adduction & medial rotation

Innervation: lower subscapular n.

Blood supply: thoracodorsal & posterior circumflex humeral aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Infraspinatus (C5, 6)

Attachments: from the infraspinous fossa to the greater tubercle of the humerus

Actions: stabilizes the glenohumeral joint & laterally rotates the humerus

Innervation: suprascapular n.

Blood supply: suprascapular & circumflex scapular aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Teres minor (C5, 6)

Attachments: from the lateral border of the scapula to the greater tubercle of the humerus

Actions: stabilizes the glenohumeral joint & laterally rotates humerus

Innervation: axillary n.

Blood supply: circumflex scapular & posterior circumflex humeral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Biceps brachii (C5, 6)

Attachments: from the coracoid process (short head) & supraglenoid tubercle (long head) of the scapula to the radial tuberosity & deep antebrachial fascia (through the bicipital aponeurosis)

Actions: flexion of the arm & forearm, & supination of the forearm

Innervation: musculocutaneous n.

Blood supply: brachial & anterior circumflex humeral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Brachialis

Attachments: from the distal anterior shaft of the humerus to the coronoid process & ulnar tuberosity

Actions: flexion of the forearm

Innervation: musculocutaneous & radial nn.

Blood supply: brachial, radial collateral & inferior ulnar collateral aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Coracobrachialis

Attachments: from the coracoid process to the proximal medial shaft of the humerus

Actions: flexion & adduction of the arm

Innervation: musculocutaneous n.

Blood supply: axillary & anterior circumflex humeral aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Triceps brachii (C7, 8)

Attachments: from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (long head), proximal posterolateral shaft of humerus (lateral head) & distal posteromedial shaft of the humerus (medial head) to the olecranon process of the ulna

Actions: extension of the arm (long head) & extension of the forearm (long, lateral & medial heads)

Innervation: radial n.

Blood supply: axillary, profunda brachii, posterior circumflex humeral & superior ulnar collateral aa.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Abductor pollicis longus

Attachments: from proximal posterior radius, ulna & interosseous membrane to the anterior base of the 1^st metacarpal & trapezium

Actions: abducts and extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint

Innervation: radial n.

Blood supply: radial, posterior interosseous & perforating anterior interousseous aa.

Brachioradialis

Attachments: from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus to the distal radius adjacent to the styloid process

Actions: flexes forearm

Innervation: radial n.

Blood supply: radial recurrent, radial collateral & radial aa.

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Attachments: from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin) to the base of the 3^rd metacarpal

Actions: extends and abducts hand at wrist

Innervation: radial n.

Blood supply: radial recurrent & radial aa.

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Attachments: from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus to the base of the 2^nd metacarpal

Actions: extends & abducts hand at wrist

Innervation: radial n.

Blood supply: radial recurrent, radial collateral & radial aa.

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Attachments: from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin) to the base of the 5^th metacarpal

Actions: extends & adducts hand at wrist

Innervation: radial n.

Blood supply: radial recurrent & posterior interosseous aa.

Extensor digitorum

Attachments: from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin) to the extensor expansion of digits 2-5

Actions: extends phalanges (MP) & hand at wrist

Innervation: radial n.

Blood supply: radial recurrent & posterior interosseous aa.

Extensor digiti minimi

Attachments: from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin) to the digital expansion of the 5^th digit Actions: extends 5^th digit (MP & IP) Innervation: radial n. Blood supply: radial recurrent & posterior interosseous aa.

Extensor indicis

Attachments: from the posterior surface of the ulna & interosseous membrane to the digital expansion of the 2^nd digit Actions: extends 2^nd digit (MP & IP) Innervation: radial n. Blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

Extensor pollicis brevis

Attachments: from the posterior radial surface & interosseous membrane to the base of the 1^st proximal phalanx Actions: extends thumb (MP) Innervation: radial n. Blood supply: posterior interosseous & perforating anterior interosseous aa.

Extensor pollicis longus

Attachments: from the middle 1/3^rd of the posterior surface of the ulna & interosseous membrane to the base of the 1^st distal phalanx Actions: extends thumb (MP & IP) Innervation: radial n. Blood supply: posterior interosseous & perforating anterior interosseous aa.

Flexor carpi radialis

Attachments: from the medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) to the palmar aspect fo the bases of the 2^nd & 3^rd metacarpals Actions: flexes and abducts hand at wrist Innervation: median n. Blood supply: anterior ulnar recurrent & radial aa.

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Attachments: from the medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor origin) & proximal ulnar shaft to the pisiform Actions: flexes & adducts hand at wrist Innervation: ulnar n. Blood supply: posterior ulnar recurrent, ulnar & inferior ulnar collateral aa.

Flexor digitorum profundus

Attachments: from the anterior proximal 2/3^rds of the ulna & interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Actions: flexion of digits 2-5 (MP & IP), & flexion of hand at wrist Innervation: median (tendons 2&3) & ulnar (tendons 4&5) nn. Blood supply: ulnar & anterior interosseous aa.

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Attachments: from the medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) of the humerus to the sides of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5 Actions: flexion of digits (MP & proximal IP) & hand at wrist Innervation: median n. Blood supply: anterior ulnar recurrent, ulnar & radial aa.

Flexor pollicis longus

Attachments: from the anterior surface of the radius & interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb Actions: flexes thumb (MP & IP) Innervation: median n. Blood supply: anterior interosseous & radial aa.

Palmaris longus

Attachments: from the medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor origin) to the palmar aponeurosis Actions: flexes hand at wrist Innervation: median n. Blood supply: anterior ulnar recurrent a.

Pronator quadratus

Attachments: from the anterior surface of the distal radius to the anterior surface of the distal ulna Actions: pronates the forearm Innervation: median n. Blood supply: anterior interosseous a.

Pronator teres

Attachments: from the medial epicondyle & ulnar coronoid process to lateral aspect of the radius Actions: pronates & flexes forearm Innervation: median n. Blood supply: inferior ulnar collateral, anterior ulnar recurrent, common interosseous, ulnar & radial aa.

Supinator

Attachments: from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament & shaft (*supinator crest*) of the ulna to the lateral surface of the proximal radius Actions: supinates forearm Innervation: radial n. Blood supply: radial recurrent & posterior interosseous aa.

Abductor digiti minimi (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the pisiform to the ulnar side of the proximal phalangeal base of the 5^th digit Actions: abducts 5^th digit Innervation: deep branch of the ulnar n. Blood supply: superficial plamar arch, common digital a. & deep palmar branch of ulnar a.

Abductor pollicis brevis (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the flexor retinaculum to the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Actions: abducts thumb Innervation: recurrent branch of the median n. Blood supply: radial a. & superficial palmar branch of radial a.

Adductor pollicis (C8-T1)

Attachments: from capitate & 2^nd & 3^rd metacarpals (oblique head) & the palmar aspect of the 3^rd metacarpal to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Actions: adducts thumb Innervation: deep branch of the ulnar n. Blood supply: deep palmar arch, radialis indicis & princeps pollicis aa.

Dorsal interossei (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the adjacent sides of the metacarpals to the proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansion of digits 2-4 Actions: abducts & flexes (MP) & extends (IP) digits 2-4 Innervation: deep branch of the ulnar n. Blood supply: deep palmar arch, palmar metacarpal, radial, radialis indicis, princeps pollicis & dorsal metacarpal aa.

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the hamate to the ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5^th digit Action: flexes (MP) 5^th digit Innervation: deep branch of the ulnar n. Blood supply: ? ulnar a. & common palmar digital a. ? (not stated in B Pages)

Flexor pollicis brevis (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the flexor retinaculum & trapezium to the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Actions: flexes (MP) thumb Innervation: recurrent branch of the median n. & deep branch of the ulnar n. Blood supply: superficial palmar branch of radial a. & princeps pollicis a.

Lumbricals (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus to the radial side of the dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-5 Actions: flexes (MP) & extends (IP) digits 2-5 Innervation: deep branch of the ulnar n. (medial two lumbricals) & median n. (lateral two lumbricals) Blood supply: common digital, metacarpal & dorsal digital aa.

Opponens digiti minimi (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the hook of hamate to the ulnar margin of the shaft of the 5^th metacarpal Actions: opposition of 5^th digit to thumb Innervation: deep branch of the ulnar n. Blood supply: deep palmar arch & deep palmar branch of ulnar a.

Opponens pollicis (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the flexor retinaculum & trapezium to the palmar surface of the 1^st metacarpal Actions: opposition of thumb to 5^th digit Innervation: recurrent branch of the median n. Blood supply: deep palmar arch, superficial palmar branch of radial, princeps pollicis & radialis indicis aa.

Palmar interossei (C8-T1)

Attachments: from the palmar aspects of metacarpals 2, 4, & 5 to the dorsal digital expansion of digits 2, 4 & 5 Actions: adducts (MP), flexes (MP) & extends (IP) digits 2, 4, & 5 Innervation: deep branch of the ulnar n. Blood supply: deep palmar arch, palmar metacarpal, princeps pollicis & radialis indicis