Muscles of the Upper Limb Part 2 Flashcards
What are the flexor muscles of the forearm?
Superficial
1. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
2. Palmaris Longus
3. Flexor Carpi Radialis
4. Pronator Teres
Intermediate
1. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis.
Deep
1. Flexor Pollicis Longus
2. Flexor Digitorum Profundus
3. Pronator Quadratus
What is the action of the superficial flexor muscles of the forearm?
All Wrist Flexion
plus:
1. Pronator teres Pronation
2. Flexor carpi radialis Radial deviation
3. Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar Deviation
Superficial flexors of forearm - origin? Innervation?
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronator teres
- Origin: Medial Epicondyle of humerus
- Nerve Supply: Median Nerve except Flexor Carpi Ulnaris by Ulnar nerve
Deep flexors of forearm - origin? Innervation?
- Origin: Radius or Ulna
- Nerve supply: Anterior interosseous nerve (Median)
except FDP Radial half → Anterior interosseous nerve (Median),
and FDP Ulnar half → Ulnar nerve*
What is the action of the deep & intermediate flexor muscles of the forearm?
All Wrist Flexion
Plus:
1. Flexor digitorum profundus DIP Flexion
2. Flexor pollicis longus Thumb Flexion at MCP and IP joints
3. Pronator quadratus Pronation
4. Flexor digtorum superficialis *PIP Flexion*
What are the extensor muscles of the forearm?
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minini
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Anconeus
What is the action of the extensor muscles of the forearm?
All Wrist Extension
Plus
- Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) Radial Deviation
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) Radial Deviation
- Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) Ulnar Deviation
Extensors of forearm - origin? Innervation?
- Origin: Lateral Epicondyle
- Nerve Supply: Radial nerve
What are the hypothenar muscles?
Opponens Digiti Minimi
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
What are the thenar muscles?
Opponens Pollicis
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
What are the muscles that extend the fingers?
- Extensor digitorum (ED)
- Extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
- Extensor indicis (EI) [index finger only - only independence of index finger]
Muscles that extend fingers - origin? Nerve supply?
Extensor digitorum (ED)
Extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
Extensor indicis (EI)
- All Origin: Lateral Epicondyle
- All Nerve Supply: Posterior Interosseous Nerve (radial nerve deep branch)
What are the muscles that flex the fingers? at what points?
-Flexor digitorum superficialis (attaches to proximal/middle phalagnges - flexes PIP joints)
-Flexor digitorum profundus (attaches to distal phalanges - flexes DIP joints)
- Lumbricals (4 on each hand) - flex at the MCP joint and extension of interplalangeal joints
- Interossei assist lumbricals in flexion at the MCP joints and extension IP joints (but main function is abduction & adduction of fingers)
Borders of snuff box?
Extensor pollicis longus
(ulnar [medial] border)
Extensor pollicis brevis & Abductor pollicis longus
(radial [lateral] border)
Extensor pollicis longus - origin, insertion, action and innervation?
Origin: posterior surface of ulna
Insertion: Distal phalanx of thumb
Action: Extends all joints of the thumb
Innervation: Posterior interosseous (radial nerve branch)
Extensor pollicis brevis - origin, insertion, action and innveration?
Origin: Posterior surface of radius
Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of thumb
Action: Extends at the MCP and carpometacarpal joints of the thumb
Innervation: Posterior interosseous (radial nerve branch)
Abductor pollicis longus - origin, insertion, action and innervation?
Origin: Interosseous membrane
Insertion: Lateral side of the base of metacarpal I
Action: Abducts the thumb
Innervation: Posterior interosseous (radial nerve branch)
