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Musculoskeletal Anotomy Coloring Book > Muscles of the Trunk > Flashcards

Muscles of the Trunk Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which subgroup of the transversospinalis is deepest?
A

rotatores

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2
Q
  1. If the right-sided rotatores are eccentrically contracteding what type of rotation of the spine is occuring?
A

Right rotation

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3
Q
  1. Which subgroup of the erector spinae is the most medial?
A

Spinalis

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4
Q
  1. Which subgroup of the erector spinae goes from the pelvis to the ribs?
A

Iliocostalis

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5
Q
  1. Which subgroup of the transversospinalis is most superficial?
A

Semispinalis

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6
Q
  1. What is happening to the length of the left quadratus lumborum when the spine is laterally flexing to the left?
A

It is shortening

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7
Q
  1. What muscle is superficial to the rhomboids?
A

Trapezius

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8
Q
  1. As a rule transversospinalis musculature attaches from where to where?
A

Transverse processes

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9
Q
  1. Which muscle attaches farther posteriorly the external or internal abdominal oblique?
A

Internal abdominal

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10
Q
  1. How are the serratus posterior superior and scalenes synergistic with each other?
A

They both elevate upper ribs (#1-#2) at the costospinal and sternocostal joints

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11
Q
  1. What muscle is immediately deep to the internal abdominal oblique?
A

Transverse abdominis

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12
Q
  1. What happens to the length of the transversus abdominis as a person breathes in and their belly rises?
A

It lengthens

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13
Q
  1. When the diaphragm concentrically conttracts what happens to its dome (central tendon)?
A

It drops

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14
Q
  1. In what region is the multifidus of the transversospinalis group the largest?
A

The low back

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15
Q
  1. What muscle is deep to the rhomboids and has the same direction of fibers?
A

Serratus posterior superior

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16
Q
  1. What muscle attaches from the pelvis to the lumbar spine and twelfth rib and is deep to the erector spinae group?
A

Quadratus lumborum

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17
Q
  1. What is the name of the connection tissue that envelops the rectus abdominis?
A

Rectus sheath (abdominal aponeurosis)

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18
Q
  1. In the thoracic region the transversospinalis musculature is deep to which muscle of the erector spinae group?
A

Spinalis

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19
Q
  1. Name a synergist to the pectoralis minor’s action of protraction of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint?
A

Serratus anterior pectoralis major

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20
Q
  1. What happens to the length of the pectoralis minor if the arm laterally rotates at the shoulder joint?
A

It lengthens

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21
Q
  1. What muscle is immediately superficial to the transversus abdominis?
A

Internal abdominal oblique

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22
Q
  1. What muscle group is immediately superficial to the quadratus lumborum?
A

Erector spine group

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23
Q
  1. If the subclavius is tight what condition might be caused?
A

Costoclavicular syndrome a type of thoracic oulet syndrome

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24
Q
  1. Which subgroup of the transversospinalis is best suited for rotation of the spine and why?
A

Rotatores because they are oriented most horizontally

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25
Q
  1. What is the superior attachment of the rotatores?
A

Lamina of the vertebrae (spinous process of the vertebrae)

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26
Q
  1. From a posterior perspective which is deeper, the intercostals or the subcostales?
A

Subcostales

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27
Q
  1. What muscle is immediately deep to the external intercostals?
A

Internal intercostals

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28
Q
  1. How are the rhomboids synergystic with the middle trapezius?
A

They both retract (adduct) the scapula at the scapulocostal joint

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29
Q
  1. What muscle is immediately superficial to the semispinalis in the suboccipital region?
A

Upper trapezious

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30
Q
  1. If the serratus posterior inferior is eccentrically contracting, what joint motion is occuring?
A

Elevation of ribs #9-12 at the costospinal and sternocostal joints

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31
Q
  1. What spinal rotation is created by the transversospinalis musculature on the right side of the body?
A

Left rotation

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32
Q
  1. In what region is the semispinalis of the transversospinalis group the largest?
A

The neck

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33
Q
  1. If the trunk is passively flexing at the spinal joints what is happening to the length of the erector spinae group?
A

It is lengthening

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34
Q
  1. What muscle group is deep to the rhomboids and has a vertical direction to its fibers?
A

Erector spine group

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35
Q
  1. What is the superior attachment of the diaphragm?
A

Its central tendon/dome

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36
Q
  1. Which head of the pectoralis major is better suited to create flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint?
A

Clavicular head

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37
Q
  1. Are the right and left side intertransversarii synergistic with or antagonistic to each other?
A

Antagonistic they laterally flex the spine to opposite sides

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38
Q
  1. What muscle has the same humeral actions as the latissimus dorsi?
A

Teres major

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39
Q
  1. Where they overlap which is deeper the erector spinae group or the transversospinalis group?
A

Transversospinalis group

40
Q
  1. What muscle is known as the corset group?
A

Transversus abdominis

41
Q
  1. What muscle is immediately deep to the distal attachment of the pectoralis major?
A

Biceps brachii (long head proximal attachment)

42
Q
  1. If a person’s trunk is actively rotated to the right what happens to the length of the transversospinalis musculature on the right?
A

It lengthens

43
Q
  1. The direction of fibers of the internal intersostals is similar to what muscle?
A

Internal abdominal oblique on that side of the body

44
Q
  1. What region of the spine is mostly missing interspinales?
45
Q
  1. What is the action upon the spine if both quadratus lumborum muscles contract together?
46
Q
  1. What muscle is immediately superficial to the internal intercostals?
A

External intercostals

47
Q
  1. Why are the levatores costarum and subcostales antogonistic to each other?
A

The levatores costrum elevate ribs the subcostales depress ribs

48
Q
  1. What subgroup of the transversospinalis is immediately superficial to the rotatores?
A

Multifidus

49
Q
  1. What muscle makes up the vast majority of the anterior axillary fold of the tissue?
A

Pectoralis Major

50
Q
  1. What muscles sit the deepest in the laminar groove of the spine?
51
Q
  1. What are the heads of the pectoralis major?
A

Clavicular and sternocostal heads

52
Q
  1. With regard to flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints what two abdominal wall muscles are synergistic with the rectus abdominis?
A

External and internal abdominal obliques

53
Q
  1. What joint action is occring when the right sided intertransversarii are eccentrically contracted?
A

Left lateral flexion of the neck and trunk at the spinal joints

54
Q
  1. Name two actions of the serratus anterior that are synergistic with actions of the pectoralis minor?
A

Protraction and depression of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint

55
Q
  1. What muscle is immediately superficial to the pectoralis minor?
A

Pectoralis Major

56
Q
  1. True or false: the diaphragm is under both conscious and unconscious control?
57
Q
  1. What is the direction of fibers of the external abdominal oblique on the same side?
A

opposite i.e. perpendicular

58
Q
  1. What two muscles make up the vast majority of the posterior axillary fold of tissue?
A

Latissimus Dorsi and teres major

59
Q
  1. What structures can the pectoralis minor compress against the ribcage?
A

Brachial plexus of nerves subclavian artery and vein

60
Q
  1. What joint action is occuring when the interspinales are lengthening?
A

Flexion of the neck and trunk at the spinal joints

61
Q
  1. If the pelvis is anteriorly tilting at the lubosacral joint what is happening to the length of the erector spinae group?
A

It is shortening

62
Q
  1. What two muscles pierce the diaphragm posteriorly?
A

Psoas major and quadratus lumborum

63
Q
  1. What muscle attaches to the underside of the clavicle?
A

subclavius

64
Q
  1. Would left flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints lengthen or shorten the right sided levatores costarum?
65
Q
  1. Which subgoup of the erector spinae goes from spinous processes to spinous processes?
66
Q
  1. The serratus anterior interdigitates (Blends) with what muscle anteriorly?
A

External abdominal oblique

67
Q
  1. What muscle group is immediately superficial to the levatores costrum?
A

Erector spine group

68
Q
  1. The upper fibers on the ribcage of the serratus anterior are deep to what two muscles?
A

Pectoralis Major and minor

69
Q
  1. If the superior rib attachment of an external intercostal muscle is fixed, what action will occur?
A

The lower rib will elevate at the sternocostal and costospinal joints

70
Q
  1. What muscles are often caled the coat pocket muscles?
A

External abdominal obliques

71
Q
  1. What is happening to the length o fthe left quadratus lumborum when the pelvis is posteriorly tilted at the lumbosacral joint?
A

It is lengthening

72
Q
  1. What abdominal wall muscles attach into the thoracolumbar fascia?
A

Internal abdominal obliques

73
Q
  1. What happens to the length of the rhomboids as the scapula protracts (abducts) at the scapulocostal joint?
A

They lengthen

74
Q
  1. What muscles are known as the “Christmas Tree” muscles?
A

The rhomboids

75
Q
  1. What muscle is located deep (posterior) to the anterior ribcage and is analogous to the transversus abdominis?
A

Traversus thoracis

76
Q
  1. If the inferior rib attachment of an external intercostal muscle is fixed what action will occur?
A

The upper rib will depress at the sternocostal and costospinal joints

77
Q
  1. What two muscles can upwardly rotate the scapula at the scapulocostal joint?
A

Serratus anterior and trapezius (upper and lower fibers)

78
Q
  1. How are the serratus posterior inferior and quadratus lumborum synergistic with each other?
A

They both depress the 12th rib at the costospinal and sternocostal joints

79
Q
  1. Where the latissimus dorsi and trapezius overlap which muscle is superficial?
80
Q
  1. What happens to the length of the rectus abdominis as the pelvis anteriorly tilts at the lumbosacral joint?
A

It lengthens

81
Q
  1. The serratus posterior inferior is immediately deep to what muscle?
A

Latissimuss dorsi

82
Q
  1. If the right-sided rotatores are concentrically contracting what type of rotation of the spine is occuring?
A

Left rotation

83
Q
  1. Where are intercostal muscles not deep to external intercostals?
A

Between costal cartilages

84
Q
  1. If the pectoralis minor is eccentrically contracting is the scapula protracting or retracting at the scapulocostal joint?
A

Retracting

85
Q
  1. Which subgroup of the erector spinae is the most lateral?
A

Iliocostalis

86
Q
  1. What is the only subgroup of the transversospinalis that attaches to the pelvis?
A

Multifidus

87
Q
  1. The direction of fibers of the external intercostals is similar to what muscle?
A

External abdominal oblique on that side of the body

88
Q
  1. How is the right external abdominal oblique synergistic with and also antagonistic to the right internal abdominal oblique?
A

They are synergistic because they both do flexion and right lateral flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints they are antagonistic because the right external abdominal oblique does left rotation because the right external abdominal oblique does left rotation and the right internal oblique does right rotation of the trunk

89
Q
  1. Which subgroup of the erector spinae is the longest?
A

Longissimus

90
Q
  1. What happens to the length of the left rectus abdominis as the trunk is passively left laterally flexed at the spinal joints?
A

It shortens

91
Q
  1. If the latissimus dorsi eccentrically contracts as the pelvis moves how is the pelvis moving?
A

Posterior tilt and or depression of the pelvis at the lumbosacral joint

92
Q
  1. What three muscles are located lateral to the rectus abdominis?
A

External and internal abdominal obliques and the transversus abdominis

93
Q
  1. If the arm medially rotates at the shoulder joint what happens to the length of the latissimus dorsi?
A

It shortens

94
Q
  1. What happens to the length of the right-sided rotatores if the spine is rotated to the right?
A

They lengthen

95
Q
  1. Name a muscle that is antagonistic to the elevation of the twelfth rib action of the internal intercostals.
A

Quadratus lumborum

Musculoskeletal Anotomy Coloring Book (2 decks)

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