Muscles of the pelvic limb Flashcards
biceps femoris
Origin: sacrotuberous ligament and ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: patella, patellar ligament, and cranial border of the tibia via fascia lata and crural fascia; tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon
Action: extend hip and hock; can either extend (weight bearing) or flex (non-weight bearing) the stifle dependent on the position of the limb
semitendinosus
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface of the tibial body; tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon
Action: extend hip and hock, flex stifle
semimembranosus
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: distal and medial aspect of the caudal femur and the medial condyle of the tibia
Action: extend hip extend (weight bearing) or flex (non-weight bearing)stifle depending on limb position
sartorius
Origin: ilium
Insertion: patella and cranial border of tibia
Action: flex hip; extend stifle (weight bearing); flex stifle (non-weight bearing)
gracilis
Origin: pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon
Insertion: cranial border of the tibia; tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon
Action: adduct limb; flex stifle; extend hip and hock
pectineus
Origin: pubis
Insertion: distal end of caudomedial aspect of femur
Action: adduct limb
adductor
Origin: pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon; ventral surface of pubis and ischium
Insertion: caudolateral aspect of femur
Action: adduct limb; extend hip
tensor fasciae latae
Origin: tuber coxae; aponeurosis of middle gluteal m.
Insertion: fascia lata
Action: tense fascia lata; flex hip; extend stifle
superficial gluteal
Origin: sacrotuberous ligament; deep gluteal fascia
Insertion: third trochanter of femur
Action: extend hip; abduct limb
middle gluteal
Origin: crest and gluteal surface of ileum
Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur
Action: extend hip, abduct hip, rotate PL medially
deep gluteal
Origin: body of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur
Action: extend hip; abduct hip; rotate PL medially
internal obturator
Origin: dorsal surface of ischium and pubis
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
Action: rotate PL laterally
gemelli
Origin: lateral surface of ischium, ventral to lesser ischiatic notch
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of the femur
Action: rotate PL laterally
quadratus femoris
Origin: ventral surface of caudal ischium
Insertion: interotrochanteric crest of femur
Action: rotate PL laterally
external obturator
Origin: ventral surface of pubis and ischium
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
Action: rotate PL laterally
quadriceps femoris
Origin: ilium (rectus femoris); proximal aspect of femur (all other heads)
Insertion: tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
Action: flex hip (rectus femoris); extend stifle (all heads)
iliopsoas
Origin: ventral aspect of lumbar vertebrae; cranioventral ilium
Insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur
Action: flex hip
cranial tibial
Origin: proximal and lateral aspect of the tibia near the extensor groove.
Insertion: proximal plantar surfaces of the metatarsals I and II
Action: flex tarsus; rotate paw laterally so plantar surface faces medially
long digital extensor
Origin: extensor fossa of the femur
Insertion: extensor processes of distal phalanges of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5
Action: extend digits; flex tarsus
fibularis longus
Origin: lateral collateral ligament; proximal aspect of tibia and fibula
Insertion: tarsal bone IV; plantar aspect of proximal ends of metatarsals
Action: flex tarsus; rotate paw medially so plantar surface faces laterally (pronation)
gastrocnemius
Origin: medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of the femur
Insertion: tuber calcanei
Action: extend tarsus; flex stifle
superficial digital flexor
Origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur
Insertion: tuber calcanei; plantar aspect of the base of the middle phalanx of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5
Action: flex stifle; extend tarsus (hock); flex digits
deep digital flexor
Origin: proximal tibia and fibula and adjacent interosseus membrane between the two
Insertion: plantar aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of digits 1-5
Action: flex digits; extend tarsus
popliteus
Origin: lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: proximal and caudomedial aspect of the tibia
Action: flex stifle
