Muscles of the pectoral girdle

Question 1

Movement of the adductor muscles of the forelimb

Answer 1

pull the forelimb to the median plane

Question 2

Movement of the abductor muscles of the forelimb

Answer 2

pull the forelimb away from the median plane

Question 3

Movement of the flexor muscles of the forelimb

Answer 3

are located on the side of the limb towards which the joint bends when the joint angle is decreased (contract your biceps brachii, the elbow joint bends towards your biceps brachii and the angle of the elbow joint is decreased i.e. the biceps brachii is a flexor muscle of the elbow)

Question 4

Movement of the extensor muscles of the forelimb

Answer 4

are located on the side of the limb towards which the joint bends when the joint angle is increased (contract your triceps brachii, the elbow joint bends towards your triceps brachii and the angle of the elbow joint is increased i.e. the triceps brachii is an extensor muscle of the elbow)

Question 5

Isometric contractions

Answer 5

are the tensing of muscles without joint movement, such as when you hold an object in your hand.

Question 6

Origin of the brachiocephalicus muscles

Answer 6

Base of the skull

Question 7

Insertion of the brachiocephalicus muscle

Answer 7

Cranial humorous

Question 8

What muscle... (forelimb)
Limb on ground:
Flexes neck
Bends neck laterally
Limb not weight bearing:
Primary protractor (draws forward) the limb
Extends shoulder

Answer 8

Brachiocephalicus

Question 9

What muscle...(forelimb)
Secondary protractor (draws forward) the limb

Answer 9

Trapezius

Question 10

What muscle…(forelimb)
Retracts the limb (limb moves back towards the body)
Flexes shoulder

Answer 10

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 11

What muscle (forelimb)
Adducts the limb (limb drawn towards the midline)
Holds the limb against the body

Answer 11

Pectoral

Question 12

Origin of the trapezius muscle

Answer 12

Dorsal midline from C2 - T9

Question 13

Insertion of the trapezius muscle

Answer 13

Spine of scapular

Question 14

Origin of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 14

Thoracic and lumbar spine

Question 15

Insertion of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 15

Humerus

Question 16

Origin of the pectoral muscles

Answer 16

Ribs and sternum

Question 17

Insertion of the pectoral muscles

Answer 17

Humerus

Question 18

Name the four extrinsic muscles of the pectoral girdle

Answer 18

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoral
Brachiocephalicus

Question 19

Name the five intrinsic muscles of the pectoral girdle

Answer 19

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus 
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Triceps brachii

Question 20

Name the muscle that

Extends the shoulder joint

Answer 20

Supraspinatus

Question 21

Name the muscle that…

Flexes the shoulder joint

Answer 21

Infraspinatus

Question 22

Name the muscle that…

Flexes the shoulder joint

Answer 22

Biceps brachii

Question 23

Name the muscle that…

Flexes the elbow joint

Answer 23

Brachialis

Question 24

Name the muscle that…

Extends the elbow joint

Answer 24

Triceps brachii

Question 25

Origin of the Supraspinatus muscle

Answer 25

Supraspinatus fossa

Question 26

Insertion of the Supraspinatus muscle

Answer 26

Greater turbercle of humerus

Question 27

Origin of the Infraspinatus muscle

Answer 27

Infraspinatus fossa

Question 28

Origin of the biceps brachii

Answer 28

A turbercle of the scapular

Question 29

Insertion of the biceps brachii

Answer 29

On the radius and ulna

Question 30

Origin of the brachialis muscle

Answer 30

Humerus

Question 31

Origin of the triceps brachii

Answer 31

Three heads originate from the proximal humerus

One head originates from the scapula

Question 32

Insertion of the Infraspinatus muscle

Answer 32

Greater tubercle of humerus

Question 33

Insertion of the brachialis muscle

Answer 33

Onto the radius and ulna

Question 34

Insertion of the the triceps brachii

Answer 34

All four head insert onto the olecranon

Question 35

Suspensory ligament (Origin: proximal cannon bone and distal carpus; insertion: proximal sesamoids; action: prevents fetlock hyperextension)
Intersesamoidean ligament
Proximal sesamoid bones
Distal sesamoidean ligaments
... make up what in a horse?

Answer 35

Suspensory apparatus

Question 36

The stay apparatus in a horse is in place to prevent…

Answer 36

Overextension of the fetlock joint

Question 37

Which muscle inserts onto the olecranon

Answer 37

Triceps brachii

Question 38

An isometric contraction:

Answer 38

Tenses the muscle