MUSCLES OF THE FULL SPINAL JOINTS

Question 1

ERECTOR SPINAE GROUP: O&I

Answer 1

O: pelvis

I: spine, rib cage and head

Question 2

ERECTOR SPINAE GROUP: A&N

Answer 2

A: extends and laterally flexes the trunk, neck and head at the spinal joints

N: spinal nerves - dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal n.

Question 3

ILIOCOSTALIS (entire group): O&I

Answer 3

O: sacrum, iliac crest, ribs 3-12

I: ribs 1-12 and TP’s C4-7

Question 4

ENTIRE ILIOCOSTALIS: A&N

Answer 4

A: extends and laterally flexes the trunk and neck at spinal joints
RMA: anteriorly tilts the pelvis at the LS joint and extends the lower spine relative to upper spine

N: spinal n. - dorsal rami of lower cervical, all thoracic, and upper lumbar spinal n.

Question 5

ILIOCOSTALIS LUMBORUM: O&I

Answer 5

O: medial iliac crest and medial and lateral sacral crests

I: angles of ribs 7-12

Question 6

ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS: O&I

Answer 6

O: angles of ribs 7-12

I: angles of ribs 1-6 and TP’s pf C7

Question 7

ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS: O&I

Answer 7

O: angles of ribs 3-6

I: TP’s C4-C6

Question 8

ENTIRE LONGISSIMUS: O&I

Answer 8

O: sacrum, iliac crest, TP and SP’s of L1-L5 and T1-T5 and the articular processes of C5-C7

I: ribs 4-12, TP’s and T1-12 and C2-C6, and the mastoid process of the temporal bone

Question 9

ENTIRE LONGISSIMUS: A&N

Answer 9

A: extends and laterally flexes the trunk, neck and head at the spinal joints
RMA: ant tilt pelvis at the LS joint and extends the lower spine relative to upper spine

N: spinal n - dorsal rami of lower cervical and the thoracic and lumbar spinal n.

Question 10

LONGISSIMUS THORACIS: O&I

Answer 10

O: medial iliac crest, posterior sacrum and TP’s and SP’s of L1-5

I: TP’S OF T1-12 AND LOWER 9 RIBS

Question 11

LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS: O&I

Answer 11

O: TP’s of T1-T5

I: TP’s of C2-C6

Question 12

LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS: O&I

Answer 12

O: TP’s of T1-5 and articular processes of C5-C7

I: mastoid process of the temporal bone

Question 13

ENTIRE SPINALIS: O&I

Answer 13

O: SP’s of T11-L2; SPs of C7 and nuchal ligament

I: SP’s of T4-T8 and SP’s o C2

Question 14

ENTIRE SPINALIS: A&N

Answer 14

A: extends and laterally flexes the trunk and neck at spinal joints

N: spinal n - dorsal rami of the lower cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Question 15

SPINALIS THORACIS: O&I

Answer 15

O: SP’s of T11-L2

I: SP’s of T4-T8

Question 16

SPINALIS CERVICIS: O&I

Answer 16

O: inferior nuchal line and SP C7

I: SP’s of C2

Question 17

SPINALIS CAPITIS: O&I

Answer 17

• usually considered to be the medial part of spemispinalis capitis

Question 18

ENTIRE SEMISPINALIS (TSG): O&I

Answer 18

O: TP’s of C7-T10 and the articular processes of C4-C6

I: SP’s of C2- T4 and the occipital bone

Question 19

ENTIRE SEMISPINALIS (TSG): A&N

Answer 19

A: extends and laterally flexes the trunk, neck and head at spinal joints; contralaterally rotates trunk and neck at spinal joints

N: spinal n - dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic spinal n

Question 20

SEMISPINALIS THORACIS: O&I

Answer 20

O: TP’s of T6-10

I: SP’s of C6-T4

Question 21

SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS: O&I

Answer 21

O: TP’s of T1-5

I: SP’s of C2-C5

Question 22

SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS: O&I

Answer 22

O: TP’s of C7-T6 and articular processes of C4-C6

I: occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines

Question 23

MULTIFIDUS (TSG): O&I

Answer 23

O: posterior sacrum, PSIS, posterior sacroiliac ligament and L5-C4
(lumbar - all mamillary processes)
(thoracic - all TP’s)
(cervical - articular processes of C4-C7)

I: SP’s of vertebrae 3-4 segmental levels superior to inferior attachment

Question 24

MULTIFIDUS (TSG): A&N

Answer 24

A: extends, laterally flexes, and contralaterally rotates trunk and neck at the spinal joints
RMA: ant tilts pelvis at the LS joint and extends the lower spine relative to upper spine

N: spinal n - dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Question 25

ROTATORES (TSG): O&I

Answer 25

O: TP’s (inferiorly)

I: 1-2 segmental levels superior at the lamina to the inferior attachment

Question 26

ROTATORES (TSG): A&N

Answer 26

A: contralaterally rotates, extends and laterally flexes the trunk and neck at the spinal joints

N: spinal n - dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Question 27

INTERSPINALES: O&I

Answer 27

O: SP’s

I: SP’s directly superior
(cervical - 6 pairs between T1-C2)
(thoracic - 2 pairs between T2-T1 and T12-T11)
(lumbar - 4 pairs between L5-L1)

Question 28

INTERSPINALES: A&N

Answer 28

A: extends neck and trunk at spinal joints

N: spinal n - dorsal rami

Question 29

INTERTRANSVERSARII: O&I

Answer 29

O: TP’s

I: TP’s directly superior
(cervical - 7 pairs between C1-T1 bilaterally)
(thoracic - 3 pairs between T10-L1 bilaterally)
(lumbar - 4 pairs between L1-L5 bilaterally)

Question 30

INTERTRANSVERSARII: A&N

Answer 30

A: laterally flexes neck and trunk at spinal joints

N: spinal n - dorsal and ventral rami