Muscles of the forelimb

Question 1

M. supraspinatus

Answer 1

O: fossa supraspinatus, spine, margo cranialis
I: greater tubercle of the humerus
A: extends and stabilizes the shoulder

Question 2

M.infraspinatus

Answer 2

O: fossa infraspinatus, spine, margo caudalis
I: Facies m. infraspinati
A: flexor of the shoulder

Question 3

M. deltoideus

Answer 3

O: Pars scapularis- caudal edge of the spine
Pars Acromialis- Acromion
I: tuberositas deltoidea of the humerus
A: flexor of the shoulder joint

Question 4

M. teres minor

Answer 4

O: distally on margo caudalis scapulae, tuberculum infraglenoidale
I: teres minor tuberosity of the humerus
A: flexor of the shoulder

Question 5

M. anconeus

Answer 5

O: crista epicondylus lateralis, fossa olecrani
I: proc. anconeus
A: extends the shoulder

Question 6

M. subscapularis

Answer 6

O: fossa subscapularis
I: tuberculum minus of the humerus
A: it acts as a medial collateral lig. for the shoulder joint, it extends the shoulder joint but also helps maintain flexion

Question 7

M. teres major

Answer 7

O: margo caudalis and angulus caudalis
I: tuberositas teres major (w/ latissimus dorsi)
A: flexor of the shoulder

Question 8

M. tensor fasciae antebrachii

Answer 8

O: m. latissimus dorsi
I: medially on tuberositas majus, then radiates into the lateral collateral lig.
A: tenses the antebrachial fasciae and extends the elbow joint

Question 9

M. triceps brachii

Answer 9

O: caput LONGUM: distal 2/3rd of margo caudalis scapulae
A: flexes the shoulder and extensor of the elbow
caput LATERALE: linea m. tricipitis
caput MEDIALE: proximal medial surface
caput ACCESSORIUM: caudally from the neck of the humerus
I: tuber olecrani
A: extends the elbow

Question 10

M. coracobrachialis

Answer 10

O: proc. coracoideus of tuberculum supraglenoidale
I: crista tuberculi minoris
A: extensor of the shoulder joint

Question 11

M. biceps brachii

Answer 11

O: tuberculum supraglenoidale of the scapula, a retinaculum transversum fixes its tendon in the intertubercular groove
I: tuberositas radii and tuberositas ulnae
A: extends the shoulder joint and flexes the elbow

Question 12

M. brachialis

Answer 12

O: caudally on the neck of humerus
I: tuberositas radii and tuberositas ulna
A: flexes the shoulder joint

Question 13

M. supinator

Answer 13

O: epicondylus lateralis humeri, lateral collater lig.
I: cranial surface of the proximal part of the radii
A: supinates forearm and forefoot

Question 14

M. extensor carpi radialis

Answer 14

O: crista epicondylus lateralis
I: Base of digits II-III
A: strongest extensor of the carpal joint

Question 15

M. extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 15

O: epicondylus lateralis humeri
I: Base of Mc. V, also attahces with a short and strong tendon to the accessory bone
A: supports carpus when extended, helps in flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation

Question 16

M. extensor digitorum communis

Answer 16

O: epicondylus lateralis humeri
I: proc. extensorius of the distal phalanx of digits II-V
A: extends the carpal joint and the joints of the digits II-V

Question 17

M. extensor digitorum lateralis

Answer 17

O: epicondylus lateralis humeri
I: goes to digits III-V, at the level of first digit it unites with a tendon from the common digit extensor
A: extends the carpus and joints of digits III-V