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KIN2320 Final > MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM > Flashcards

MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM Flashcards

1
Q

what mainly innervates the anterior compartment?

A

median nerve (some exceptions: FCU - ulnar nerve)

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2
Q

what innervates the posterior compartment?

A

radial nerve

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3
Q

where are the flexor-pronator muscles?

A

anterior compartment

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4
Q

where are the extensor muscles?

A

posterior compartment

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5
Q

what is the flexor retinaculum?

A

transverse carpal ligament

holds tendons of flexor muscles in place along with the palmar carpal ligament

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6
Q

what muscles are in the superficial layer in the anterior compartment?

A
  1. pronator teres
  2. flexor carpi radialis
  3. palmaris longus
  4. flexor carpi ulnaris
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7
Q

what muscle is in the intermediate layer in the anterior compartment?

A
  1. flexor digitorum superficialis
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8
Q

what muscles are in the deep layer of the anterior compartment?

A
  1. flexor digitorum profundus
  2. flexor pollicis longus
  3. pronator quadratus
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9
Q

which muscles groups in the anterior compartment cross the elbow joint?

A
  1. superficial layer (4)

2. intermediate layer (1)

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10
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of pronator teres?

A

proximal:
ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus

distal attachment: radius

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11
Q

what is the innervation of pronator teres?

A

median nerve

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12
Q

what is the action of pronator teres?

A

pronate and flex forearm

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13
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor carpi radialis?

A

proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
distal: base of 2nd metacarpal

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14
Q

what is the innervation of flexor carpi radialis?

A

median nerve

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15
Q

what is the function of flexor carpi radialis?

A

flex and abduct hand at wrist

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16
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of palmaris longus?

A

proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
distal: flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis

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17
Q

what is the innervation of palmaris longus?

A

median nerve

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18
Q

what is the action of palmaris longus?

A

flex hand at wrist

tenses palmar aponeurosis

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19
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

proximal: olecranon and post. border of ulna
distal: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal

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20
Q

what are the two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

humeral head

ulnar head

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21
Q

what is the innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

ulnar nerve

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22
Q

what is the action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

flex and adduct hand at wrist

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23
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

proximal:
humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
radial head: oblique line of radius

distal: middle phalanges (not including thumb)

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24
Q

what is the innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

median nerve

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25
Q

what is the action of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

flex wrist

flex proximal interphalangeal joints (not including thumb)

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26
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

proximal: ant. surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
distal: bases of distal phalanges (not including thumb)

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27
Q

what is the innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

digits 2 and 3: median nerve

digits 4 and 5: ulnar nerve

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28
Q

what is the action of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

flex wrist joint

flex distal interphalangeal joints (not including thumb)

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29
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of flexor pollicis longus?

A

proximal: anterior surface of radius, interosseous membrane
distal: base of distal phalanx of thumb

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30
Q

what is the innervation of flexor pollicis longus?

A

median nerve

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31
Q

what is the action of flexor pollicis longus?

A

flex wrist

flex interphalangeal joints (not including thumb)

32
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of pronator quadratus?

A

proximal: ulna
distal: radius

33
Q

what is the innervation of pronator quadratus?

A

median nerve

34
Q

what is the action of pronator quatratus?

A

pronate forearm

bind radius and ulna together

35
Q

what muscles extend/abduct/adduct the hand at the wrist?

A
  1. extensor carpi radialis longus
  2. extensor carpi radialis brevis
  3. extensor carpi ulnaris
36
Q

What muscles extend the medial 4 digits?

A
  1. extensor digitorum
  2. extensor indicis
  3. extensor digiti minimi
37
Q

what muscles extend or abduct the thumb

A
  1. abductor pollicis longus
  2. extensor pollicis brevis
  3. extensor pollicis longus
38
Q

what holds the extensor tendons in place in the wrist region?

A

extensor retinaculum

39
Q

what covers the extensor tendons as they pass over the dorsum?

A

synovial tendon sheaths

40
Q

what are the muscles in the superficial extensor group?

A
  1. brachioradialis
  2. extensor carpi radialis longus
  3. extensor carpi radialis brevis
  4. extensor digitorum
  5. extensor digiti minimi
  6. extensor carpi ulnaris
41
Q

what muscle is in the deep layer of the extensors?

A

supinator

42
Q

what extensor muscles are in the “outcropping” muscles of the deep layer?

A
  1. abductor pollicis longus
  2. extensor pollicis longus
  3. extensor pollicis brevis
  4. extensor indicis
43
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of brachioradialis?

A

proximal: lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus
distal: distal end of radius

44
Q

what is the innervation of brachioradialis?

A

radial nerve

45
Q

what is the action of brachioradialis?

A

weak flexion of elbow

46
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

proximal: lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus
distal: 2nd metacarpal bone

47
Q

what is the innervation of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

radial nerve

48
Q

what is the action of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

extend and abduct wrist

49
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
distal: 3rd metacarpal

50
Q

what is the innervation of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

radial nerve

51
Q

what is the action of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

fist clenching

52
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor digitorum?

A

proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
distal: medial 4 digits

53
Q

what is the innervation of extensor digitorum?

A

posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)

54
Q

what is the action of extensor digitorum?

A

extend wrist

extend med. 4 digits at MCP joint

55
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor digiti minimi?

A

proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
distal: 5th digit

56
Q

what is the innervation of extensor digiti minimi?

A

posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)

57
Q

what is the action of extensor digiti minimi?

A

extend wrist

extend 5th digit at MCP joint

58
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

proximal:
lateral epicondyle of humerus
post. border of ulna

distal: base of 5th metacarpal

59
Q

what is the innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)

60
Q

what is the action of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

extend and adduct wrist

61
Q

what is the common extensor origin?

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

62
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of supinator?

A

proximal: lat. epicondyle of humerus
distal: radius

63
Q

what is the innervation of supinator?

A

radial nerve

64
Q

what is the action of supinator

A

supinate forearm

65
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of abductor pollicis longus?

A

proximal: ulna, interosseous membrane
distal: base of 1st metacarpal

66
Q

what is the innervation of abductor pollicis longus?

A

posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)

67
Q

what is the action of abductor pollicis longus?

A

extend wrist

extend distal phalanx of thumb

68
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

proximal: radius and interosseous membrane
distal: base of proximal phalanx of thumb

69
Q

what is the innervation of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)

70
Q

what is the action of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

extend wrist

extend proximal phalanx of thumb

71
Q

what are the proximal and distal attachments of extensor indicis?

A

proximal: ulna and interosseous membrane
distal: 2nd finger

72
Q

what is the innervation of extensor indicis?

A

posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of radial nerve)

73
Q

what is the action of extensor indicis?

A

extend wrist

extend 2nd finger

74
Q

what tendons make up the borders of the snuff box?

A

lateral border:

  1. APL: a
  2. EPB:

medial border:
EPL:

floor:
radial artery

75
Q

what can be palpated in and around the snuff box?

A

proximally: radial styloid process
distally: base of 1st metacarpal
floor: scaphoid and trapezium

76
Q

what is the common flexor origin?

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

KIN2320 Final (10 decks)

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