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Muscles of the Back > Muscles of the Back > Flashcards

Muscles of the Back Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: External Occipital Protuberance, Superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12.

Insertion: Spine of scapula, acromion, distal 1/3 of clavicle.

Action: Elevate/Depress Scapula/Shoulder, Upper fibers -> lateral flexion of the neck

Innervation: Spinal Accessory Nerve - motor, C3 and C4 Spinal nerves - pain and proporeception

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2
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, median sacral crest, posterior 1/3 of Illiac crest, lower 4 ribs

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humorous (between pectorlalis major and teres major)

Action: Adduction, internal rotation and extension of humorous

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3
Q

Rhomboid major - Layer 2

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T2-T5

Insertion: Medial border of scapula inferior to root of scapular spine

Action: Retract scapula, rotate point of shoulder down

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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4
Q

Rhomboid minor - Layer 2

A

Origin: Lower portion of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 and T1

Insertion: Medial border of scapula at level of root of scapular spine

Action: Retract scapula, rotate point of shoulder down

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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5
Q

Levator Scapulae - Layer 2

A

Origin: Transverse processes C1-C4

Insertion: Medial border of scapula above root of scapular spine

Action: If neck stabilized –> elevate scapula, rotate point of shoulder down, If scapula stabilized bilaterally –> extend neck, Unilaterally –> lateral flex and rotate neck to same side

Innervation: Ventral rami of C3-C4, Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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6
Q

Serratus posterior superior - Layer 3

A

Origin: spinous processes of C7-T3

Insertion: Posterior and superior surfaces of 2-5 ribs

Action: aids in respiration but mostly proporeceptive

Innervation: Ventral rami of T2-T5 (intercostal nerves)

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7
Q

Serratus posterior inferior - Layer 3

A

Origin: spinous processes of T11-L2

Insertion: posterior and inferior surface of 9-12 ribs

Action: aids in expiration but mostly proporeceptive

Innervation: Ventral rami of T9-T12

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8
Q

Splenius capitis - Layer 4

A

Action: Bilaterally –> extend head
Unilaterally –> laterally flex and rotate face to same side

Innervation: Dorsal rami of C3-C5

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9
Q

Splenius cervicis - Layer 4

A

Action: Bilaterally –> extend neck
Unilaterally –> laterally flex and rotate face toward same side

Innervation: Dorsal rami of C5-C7

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10
Q

Iliocostalis lumborum - Layer 5

A

Action: Extend and laterally flex spine

Innervation: Dorsal rami of nearby spinal nerves

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11
Q

Iliocostalis thoracis - Layer 5

A

Action: Extend and laterally flex spine

Innervation: Dorsal rami of nearby spinal nerves

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12
Q

Iliocostalis cervicis - Layer 5

A

Action: Extend and laterally flex spine

Innervation: Dorsal rami of nearby spinal nerves

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13
Q

Longissimus thoracis - Layer 5

A

Action: Extend and laterally flex spine

Innervation: Dorsal rami of nearby spinal nerves

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14
Q

Longissimus cervicis - Layer 5

A

Action: Extend and laterally flex spine

Innervation: Dorsal rami of nearby spinal nerves

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15
Q

Spinalis thoracis - Layer 5

A

Action: Extend spine

Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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16
Q

Spinalis cervicis - Layer 5

A

Action: Extend spine

Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

17
Q

Spinalis capitis - Layer

A

Action: Extend head

Innervation: Dorsal rami of upper thoracic and lower cervical spinal nerves

18
Q

Semispinalis thoracis - Layer 6

A

Action: Bilaterally –> extend thoracic spine
Unilaterally –> extend, laterally flex and rotate vertebral bodies of thoracic spine to opposite side

Innervation: Dorsal rami of T1-T6

19
Q

Semispinalis cervicis - Layer 6

A

Action: Bilaterally –> extend neck
Unilaterally –> extend, laterally flex and rotate neck to opposite side

Innervation: Dorsal rami of C1-C6

20
Q

Semispinalis capitis - Layer 6

A

Action: Bilaterally –> extend head
Unilaterally –> slight rotation of face to opposite side

Innervation: Dorsal rami of C1-C6

21
Q

Multifidus (lumborum, thoracis, cervicis) - Layer 6

A

Action: Bilaterally –> extend spine
Unilaterally–> extend, laterally flex and rotate vertebral bodies to opposite side

Innervation: Medial branches of dorsal rami of spinal nerves

22
Q

Rotatores (lumborum, thoracis, cervicis) - Layer 6

A

Action: Bilaterally –> extend spine
Unilaterally –> rotate vertebral bodies to opposite side

Innervation: Medial branches of dorsal rami of spinal nerves

23
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major - suboccipital

A

Origin: Spinous process of C2

Insertion: Lateral portion of inferior nuchal line

Action: Bilaterally –> extend head
Unilaterally –> rotate face toward same side

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve (Dorsal ramus of C1)

24
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor - suboccipital

A

Origin: Posterior tubercle of C1

Insertion: Medial portion of inferior nuchal line

Action: Extend head

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve (Dorsal ramus of C1)

25
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior - suboccipital

A

Origin: Spinous process of C2

Insertion: Transverse process of C1

Action: Rotate face toward same side

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve (Dorsal ramus of C1)

26
Q

Obliquus capitis superior - suboccipital

A

Origin: Transverse process of C1

Insertion: Occiput between lateral portion of superior and inferior nuchal lines

Action: Bilaterally –> extend head
Unilaterally –> lateral flex head to same side

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve (Dorsal ramus of C1)

27
Q

Intertransversarius

A

Origin: Transverse process

Insertion: Transverse process of adjacent vertebra

Action: Lateral flexion of vertebra

28
Q

Interspinalis

A

Origin: Spinous process

Insertion: Spinous process of adjacent vertebra

Action: Extend spine

29
Q

Levator costarum (longus and brevis)

A

Origin: Lateral aspect of transverse process (C7-T11)

Insertion: Brevis: immediately below
Longus: second rib below

Action: Elevates ribs, may help laterally flex and rotate trunk to same side

Muscles of the Back (1 decks)

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