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Anatomy > Muscles of the Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Muscles of the Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius Origin and Insertion

A

O = External Occipital Protuberance/Nuchal Ligament/Spinous Processes of C7-T12

I = Acromion/Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle/spine of scapula

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2
Q

Trapezius Action and Innervation

A

A = elevate, depress, retract and rotate scapula

I = Spinal Accessory Nerve

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3
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin and Insertion

A

O = Transverse processes of C1-C4

I = Medial border of scapula and superior spine of scapula

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4
Q

Levator scapulae Action and Innervation

A

A = elevate scapula and inferiorly rotate glenoid

I = Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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5
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor Origin and Insertion

A

O = (-): Spinous processes of C7-T1 (+): Spinous processes of T2-T5

I = (-): medial border at the scapular spine (+): medial border inferior to the scapular spine

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6
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor Action and Innervation

A

A: elevate and retract scapula, inferiorly rotate glenoid

I = Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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7
Q

Subclavius Origin and Insertion

A

O = first rib

I = middle 1/3 of the clavicle on the inferior border

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8
Q

Subclavius Action and Innervation

A

A = Anchor and depress the clavicle

I = Subclavian Nerve

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9
Q

Pectoralis Minor Origin and Insertion

A

O = ribs 3-5

I = coracoid process

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10
Q

Pectoralis Minor Action and Innervation

A

A = pulls scapula anteriorly and inferiorly to stabilize

I = Medial Pectoral Nerve

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11
Q

Serratus Anterior Origin and Insertion

A

O = Ribs 1-8

I = medial border of the scapula after passing it anteriorly

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12
Q

Serratus Anterior Action and Innervation

A

A = protract and stabilize scapula

I = Long Thoracic Nerve

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13
Q

Supraspinatus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Supraspinous fossa

I = Greater Tubercle of the Humerus

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14
Q

Supraspinatus Action and Innervation

A

A = Abdution of the arm (first 15 degrees)

I = Suprascapular Nerve

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15
Q

Infraspinatus Origin and Insertion

A

O = infraspinous fossa

I = Greater tubercle of the humerus

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16
Q

Infraspinatus Action and Innervation

A

A = laterally rotate the arm

I = Suprascaular Nerve

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17
Q

Teres Minor Origin and Insertion

A

O = Lateral border of the scapula

I = Greater tubercle of the humerus

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18
Q

Teres Minor Action and Innervation

A

A = Laterally rotate arm

I = Axillary Nerve

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19
Q

Subscapularis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Subscapular fossa

I = Lesser tubercle of the humerus

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20
Q

Subscapularis Action and Innervation

A

A = Adduct and Medially rotate arm

I = Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerve

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21
Q

Pectoralis Major Origin and Insertion

A

O = Sternocostal head: Sternum/costal cartilage of 6 ribs/ aponeurosis of external oblique Clavicular head: medial 1/2 of the anterior clavicle

I = Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove

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22
Q

Pectoralis Major Action and Innervation

A

A = Flex, adduct and medially rotate arm

I = Medial and Lateral Pectoral Nerve

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23
Q

Coracobrachialis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Coracoid Process

I = Middle 1/3 of humerus

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24
Q

Coracobrachialis Action and Innervation

A

A = Flex and Adduct arm

I = Musculocutaneous Nerve

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25
Q

Teres Major Origin and Insertion

A

O = inferior angle of the scapula

I = medial lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus

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26
Q

Teres Major Action and Innervation

A

A = Extend, adduct and medially rotate arm

I = Lower Subscapular Nerve

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27
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin and Insertion

A

O = Lower 6 thoracic spinous processes, Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lower 3-4 ribs

I = intertubercular groove of humerus

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28
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action and Innervation

A

A = Adduct, extend, and medially rotate arm

I = Thoracolumbar Nerve

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29
Q

Deltoid Origin and Insertion

A

O = Acromion, scapular spine, lateral 1/3 of clavicle

I = deltoid tubercle of humerus

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30
Q

Deltoid Action and Innervation

A

A = extend, flex and abduct the arm

I = Axillary Nerve

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31
Q

Biceps Brachii Origin and Insertion

A

O = Long head: supraglenoid tubercle Short head: coracoid process

I = Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

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32
Q

Biceps Brachii Action and Innervation

A

A = flex the arm at the elbow and supinate the forearm

I = Musculocutaneous Nerve

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33
Q

Brachialis Origin and Insertion

A

O = distal 1/2 of the anterior humerus

I = coronoid process and the ulnar tuberosity

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34
Q

Brachialis Action and innervation

A

A = major flexor of the elbow in all positions

I = musculocutaneous and radial nerves

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35
Q

Triceps Brachii Origin and Insertion

A

O = Long head: infraglenoid tubercle, Medial head: posterior surface of the humerus, Lateral Head: posterior surface of humerus above radial groove

I = olecranon and forearm fascia

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36
Q

Triceps Brachii Action and Innervation

A

A = Extend arm at the elbow … long head and abduct the arm

I = Radial Nerve

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37
Q

Pronator Teres Origin and Insertion

A

O = medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna

I = middle part of the lateral radius

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38
Q

Pronator Teres Action and Innervation

A

A = Pronates the forearm and flexes the elbow

I = Median Nerve

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39
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Medial Epicondyle of the humerus

I = Base of the second metacarpal

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40
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis Action and Innervation

A

A = flex the wrist and adduct the hand at the wrist

I = Median Nerve

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41
Q

Palmaris Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = medial epicondyle of the humerus

I = flexor retinaculum and palmaris aponeurosis

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42
Q

Palmaris Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = weak flexor of the wrist and tightens the palmaris aponeurosis

I = Median Nerve

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43
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Origin and Insertion

A

O = Medial epicondyle of the humerus

I = the base of the fifth metacarpal

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44
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action and Innervation

A

A = flexes and adducts the hand at the wrist

I = Ulnar Nerve

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45
Q

Bracioradialis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Supraconylar ridge of the humerus

I = the lateral surface of the distal radius

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46
Q

Bracioradialis Action and Innervation

A

A = flexes the arm at the wrist when partially pronated

I = Radial Nerve … lateral part is the median nerve

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47
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle, UCL, coronoid process, Radial Head: superior 1/2 of the anterior radius

I = middle phalanges 2-5

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48
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Action and Innervation

A

A = flexes wrist, first knuckle and middle knuckle

I = Median Nerve

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49
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus Origin and Insertion

A

O = proximal 3/4 of the ulna and the interosseous membrane

I = distal phalanges 2-5

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50
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus Action and Innervation

A

A = flex the distal knuckle and helps with the wrist

I = Ulnar nerve and anterior interosseous nerve

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51
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

I = base of distal thumb phalanx

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52
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = flexes the thumbs phalanges

I = Anterior Interosseous Nerve

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53
Q

Pronator Quadratus Origin and Insertion

A

O = distal 1/4 of the ulna

I = distal 1/4 of the radius

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54
Q

Pronator Quadratus Action and Innervation

A

A = Pronate the forearm and hold ulna and radius together

I = Anterior Interosseous Nerve

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55
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus

I = the base of the 2nd metacarpal

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56
Q

Extensor Carpi Radial Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = extends and abducts the hand at the wrist

I = Radial Nerve

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57
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

I = the base of the 3rd metacarpal

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58
Q

Extensor Carpi Radial Brevis Action and Innervation

A

A = extends and abducts the hand at the wrist

I = Deep branch Radial Nerve

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59
Q

Extensor Digitorum Origin and Insertion

A

O = lateral epicondyle of the humerus

I = extensor expansion of digits 2-5

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60
Q

Extensor Digitorum Action and Innervation

A

A = Extend digits 2-5 at first knuckle and at wrist

I = Posterior Interosseous Nerve

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61
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Origin and Insertion

A

O = lateral epicondyle of the humerus

I = base of the fifth metacarpal

62
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Action and innervation

A

A = extend and adduct hand at wrist

I = posterior interosseous nerve

63
Q

Supinator Origin and Insertion

A

O = ulnar crest, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa, and later epicondyle of the humerus

I = lateral, anterior and posterior aspects of the radius

64
Q

Supinator Action and Innervation

A

A = supinates the forearm

I = radial nerve

65
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = posterior of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane

I = base of metacarpal of the thumb

66
Q

Abdutor Pollisis Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = abduct the thumb and extend at the carpo-metacarpal joint

I = posterior interosseous nerve

67
Q

Extensor Indicis Origin and Insertion

A

O = posterior of ulna and interosseous membrane

I = extensor expansion of digit 2

68
Q

Extensor Indicis Action and Innervation

A

A = extend the wrist and second digit

I = posterior interosseous membrane

69
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Posterior of ulna and interosseous membrane

I = base of distal phalanx of the thumb

70
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = extend the thumb

I = posterior interosseous nerve

71
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis Origin and Insertion

A

O = posterior of radius and interosseous membrane

I = base of proximal phalanx of thumb

72
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis Action and Innervation

A

A = extend at metacarpal-phalangeal joint

I = posterior interosseous nerve

73
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis Origin and Insertion

A

O = trapezium, scaphoid and flexor retinaculum

I = proximal phalanx (lateral side)

74
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis Action and Innervation

A

A = abducts and helps oppose the thumb

I = Median Nerve

75
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Trapezium, scaphoid and flexor retinaculum

I = proximal phalanx of the thumb

76
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis Action and Innervation

A

A = flexes thumb

I = Median Nerve

77
Q

Opponens Pollicis Origin and Insertion

A

O = scaphoid, trapezium and flexor retinaculum

I = lateral side of the first metacarpal

78
Q

Opponens Pollicis Action and Innervation

A

A = pulls 1st metacarpal laterally and opposes thumb

I = Median Nerve

79
Q

Adductor Pollicis Origin and Insertion

A

O = oblique: capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpal … transverse head: 3rd metacarpal

I = lateral side of the first meatcarpal

80
Q

Adductor Pollicis Action and Innervation

A

A = adduct and help oppose the thumb

I = Ulnar nerve

81
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Origin and Insertion

A

O = Hamate, flexor retinaculum

I = medial proximal phalanx of pinky

82
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Action and Innervation

A

A = Flexes the pinky at the first knuckle

I = Ulnar Nerve

83
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi Origin and Insertion

A

O = Pisiform

I = proximal phalanx of pinky (medial side)

84
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi Action and Innervation

A

A = abduct the pinky

I = Ulnar nerve

85
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi Origin and Insertion

A

O = Hamate, flexor retinaculum

I = medial border of the 5th metacarpal

86
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi Action and Innervation

A

A = oppose pinky to thumb

I = Ulnar Nerve

87
Q

Palmar Interossei #, Origin and Insertion

A

(3)

O = metacarpals 2,3&4

I = proximal phalanges of same digit

88
Q

Palmar Interossei Action and Innervation

A

A = Adduct fingers

I = Ulnar Nerve

89
Q

Dorsal Interossei #, Origin and Insertion

A

(4)

O & I = meta 1&2 –> 2nd digit
meta 2&3 –> 3rd digit
meta 3&4 –> 3rd digit
meta 4&5 –> 4th digit

90
Q

Dorsal Interossei Action and Innervation

A

A = Abduct fingers

I = Ulnar nerve

91
Q

Lumbricals Origin and Insertion

A

O = Tendons of Flexor digitorum profundus

I = extensor expansions of digits 2-5

92
Q

Lumbricals Action and Innervation

A

A = flex metacarpal-phalangeal joint while still extending interphalangeal joints

I = medial 2= ulnar nerve … Lateral 2= median nerve

93
Q

Iliopsoas components, Origin and Insertion

A

O = Iliacus: iliac fossa – Psoas Major: Transverse processes of T12-L5

I = they both insert on the lesser trochanter of the femur

94
Q

Iliopsoas Action and Innervation

A

A = thigh and trunk flexion

I = Femoral Nerve

95
Q

Sartorius Origin and Insertion

A

O = Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

I = medial aspect of the superior tibia

96
Q

Sartorius Action and Innervation

A

A = thigh flexion, lateral rotation, and abduction … also weakly flexes the knee

I = Femoral Nerve

97
Q

Rectus Femoris Origin and Insertion

A

O = ASIS and the superior border of the acetabulum

I = Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

98
Q

Rectus Femoris Action and Innervation

A

A = Flex thigh and extend the knee

I = Femoral Nerve

99
Q

Vastus Medialis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Linea Aspera, medial supracondylar line and intertrochanteric line

I = tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

100
Q

Vastus medialis Action and Innervation

A

A = extend the knee and stabilize the patella

I = Femoral Nerve

101
Q

Vastus Lateralis Origin and Insertion

A

O = linea aspera, intertrochanteric line and greater trochanter

I = Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

102
Q

Vastus Lateralis Action and Innervation

A

A = Extend the knee

I = Femoral nerve

103
Q

Vastus Intermedius Origin and Insertion

A

O = lateral, anterior femur

I = Tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament

104
Q

Vastus Intermedius Action and Innervation

A

A = Extend the knee

I = Femoral Nerve

105
Q

Adductor Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Pubis

I = linea aspera

106
Q

Adductor Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = Adduct, medially rotate and flex the thigh

I = Obturator Nerve

107
Q

Pectineus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Pectineal line on the pubis

I = lesser trochanter to the linea aspera

108
Q

Pectineus Action and Innervation

A

A = medial rotation, adduction and flexion of the thigh

I = femoral nerve and obturator nerve

109
Q

Gracilis Origin and Insertion

A

O = inferior ramus and body of the pubis, and the ramus of the ischium

I = medial surface of the tibia

110
Q

Gracilis Action and Innervation

A

A = adducts, flexes and medially rotates leg especially during walking

I = Obturator Nerve

111
Q

Adductor Brevis Origin and Insertion

A

O = Inferior ramus and body of pubis

I = linea aspera

112
Q

Adductor Brevis Action and Innervation

A

A = Adducts and medially rotates the thigh

I = obturator nerve

113
Q

Adductor Magnus Origin and Insertion

A

O = ischial and pubic rami and the ischial tuberosity

I = linea aspera, supracondylar line and adductor tubercle

114
Q

Adductor Magnus Action and Innervation

A

A = Anterior Fibres: Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh …. Posterior fibres are synergistic to the hamstrings

I = obturator and sciatic nerve

115
Q

Gluteus Maximus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Dorsal Ilium, sacrum and coccyx

I = Gluteal tuberosity and IT tract

116
Q

Gluteus Maximus Action and Innervation

A

A = Abduct, extend and laterally rotate thigh

I = Inferior Gluteal nerve

117
Q

Gluteus Medius Origin and Insertion

A

O = Between the anterior gluteal line and the posterior gluteal line on the ilium

I = the greater trochanter of the femur

118
Q

Gluteus Medius Action and Innervation

A

A = Abduct and medially rotate the thigh and stabilize hip during walking

I = Superior Gluteal Nerve

119
Q

Gluteus Minimus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Between the Anterior gluteal line and inferior gluteal line on the ilium

I = greater trochanter of the femur

120
Q

Gluteus Minimus Action and Innervation

A

A = Abduct and medially rotate thigh and stabilize hip during walking

I = Superior Glutealu Nerve

121
Q

Biceps Femoris Origin and Insertion

A

O = Long Head: ischial tuberosity and linea aspera … Short Head: distal femur

I = both heads insert into the head of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia

122
Q

Biceps Femoris Action and Innervation

A

A = extend thigh and flex the knee and laterally rotate leg

I = LH: Tibial nerve … SH: fibular nerve

123
Q

Semitendinosus Origin and Insertion

A

O = ischial tuberosity

I = medial tibial shaft

124
Q

Semitendinosus Action and Innervation

A

A = flex the knee, extend the thigh, medially rotate leg

I = Tibial nerve

125
Q

Semimembranosus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Ischial tuberosity

I = medial condyle of the tibia and then to the lateral condyle of the femur

126
Q

Semimembranosus Action and Innervation

A

A = extend knee, flex thigh, and medially rotate leg

I = tibial nerve

127
Q

Tibialis Anterior Origin and Insertion

A

O = Lateral surface of the tibia and the interosseous membrane

I = base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform

128
Q

Tibialis Anterior Action and Innervation

A

A = Dorsiflexion and Inversion

I = deep fibular nerve

129
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = medial fibula and interosseous membrane

I = Distal phalanx of the Great Toe

130
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = extend the great toe and dorsiflexion

I = Deep fibular nerve

131
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane

I = Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

132
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = dorsiflexion, extension of digits 2-5

I = Deep fibular nerve

133
Q

Fibularis Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = head of fibula and upper fibula

I = base of the first metatarsal

134
Q

Fibularis Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = eversion, plantar flexion, arch support

I = Superficial fibular nerve

135
Q

Fibularis Brevis Origin and Insertion

A

O = lower 2/3 of fibula

I = base of the fifth metatarsal

136
Q

Fibularis Brevis Action and Innervation

A

A = eversion

I = Superficial Fibular Nerve

137
Q

Gastrocnemius Origin and Insertion

A

O = two heads coming from the lateral and medial condyles of the femur

I = calcaneus vis the calcaneal tendon

138
Q

Gastrocnemius Action and Innervation

A

A = Plantar flexion and knee flexion

I = tibial nerve

139
Q

Sloeus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Sloeal line, superior tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane

I = calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

140
Q

Soleus Action and Innervation

A

A = Plantar Flexion

I = Tibial Nerve

141
Q

Plantaris Origin and Insertion

A

O = lateral supracondylar line of the femur

I = calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

142
Q

Plantaris Action and Innervation

A

A = plantar flexion and flexion of the knee

I = Tibial Nerve

143
Q

Politeus Origin and Insertion

A

O = Lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus

I = Posterior tibia

144
Q

Popliteus Action and Innervation

A

A = stabilize the knee and unlock it from full extension

I = Tibial nerve

145
Q

Tibialis Posterior Origin and Insertion

A

O = superior fibula, tibia and interosseous membrane

I = Navicular Bone

146
Q

Tibialis Posterior Action and Innervation

A

A = Inversion, plantar flexion and medial arch support

I = Tibia Nerve

147
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = posterior medial surface of the tibia

I = base of distal phalanges 2-5

148
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = plantar flexion and flexion of digit 2-5

I = tibial nerve

149
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin and Insertion

A

O = posterior fibula and interosseous membrane

I = distal phalanx of the great toe

150
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Action and Innervation

A

A = inversion, flex great toe and plantar flexion

I = Tibial Nerve

Anatomy (1 decks)

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