Muscles of Shoulder, Arm, and hand Flashcards
Origin
Site of muscle attachment that does NOT move
Insertion
Site of muscle attachment that DOES move
Trapezius
Origin- Occipital bone, C7 - T12
Insertion- Clavicle, acromion process, scapular spine
Action- extend/abduct head, rotate/adduct scapula
Deltoid
Origin- Clavicle, acromion process, scapular spine
Insertion- deltoid tuberosity of humerous
Action- abducts arm, medially/laterally rotates arm
Pectoralis Major
Origin- Clavicle, sternum, ribs 1-7
Insertion- Crest of greater tuberacle of humerous
Action- Flexion, adduction, medial rotation of arm
Latissimus Dorsi
Origin- T7 - S5, illium crest, ribs 10-12
Insertion- Intertubercular groove of humerous
Action- Extends, adducts, medially rotates arm
Biceps Brachii
Origin- Long Head - Superior glenoid fossa Short Head - Coracoid Process Insertion- Radial tuberosity Action- arm/forearm flexion, supination
Triceps Brachii
Origin-
Long Head - Infraglenoid tuberosity of scapula
Short Head - lateral and posterior surface of humerus
Insertion- Olecranon process, tuberosity of ulna
Action- extends/adducts arm, extends forearm
Name the 4 muscles of the Rotator Cuff
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscarpularis
Prime Mover
Primary muscle responsible for movement
Synergist
muscles that assist the prime mover
Antagonist
Muscles that oppose the prime mover
Fixator
Prevents movement of bone that the prime mover is attached to
Intrinsic Muscle
Contained within region of movement
Extrinsic Muscle
Found outside region of movement responsible for
Pectoralis Minor
Depresses glenoid cavity, raises ribs 3-5
Supraspinatus
Abducts arm, stabilizes shoulder
Infraspinatus
Laterally rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder
Teres Major
medially rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder
Teres Minor
Laterally rotates, stabilizes shoulder
Subscapularis
Medially Rotates Arm, stabilizes shoulder
Brachioradialis
flex forearm
Coracobrachialis
adduction arm
Brachialis
forearm flexion
Supinator
Origin- lateral epicondyle humerus,
Insertion- proximal radius
Action- supinates hand
Pronator Teres
Origin- medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna
Insertion- lateral, middle shaft of radius
Action- pronates hand, flex forearm
Pronator Quadratus
pronates hand
flexor carpi radialis
flexes, abducts hand
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexes, adducts hand
palmaris longus
Origin- medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion- palmar aponeurosis
Action- flexes hand
flexor digitum superficialis
Origin-medial epicondyle of humerus, proximal ulna & radius
Insertion- middle phalanges (2-5)
Action- flexes middle & proximal phalanges, flexes hand
flexor digitum profundus
flexes phalanges and hand
flexor pollicis longus
flexes thumb
Flexor pollicis brevis
Flex thumb
Abductor pollicis brevis
Abduct thumb
Opponens pollicis
Origin- trapezium
Insertion- 1st metacarpel
Action- opposes thumb
Extensor carpi radialis longus
extends & abducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
extends & abducts hand
Extensor carpi ulnars
extends & adducts hand
Extensor digitorum
O- lateral epicondyle of humerous
I- midal and distal phalanges 2-5
A- extends phalanges & extends hand
Abductor pollicis longus
abducts thumb
Extensor pollicis longus
extends thumb
Extensor pollicis brevis
extends thumb