Muscles Of Neck And Trunk

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin - medial clavicle

Insertion - mastoid process

Answer 1

Action - unilaterally rotates head to opposite side ( cervical rotation)
Action - bilaterally flexes head and neck

Nerve - accessory nerve

Question 2

Levator Scapulae

Origin - transverse process of c1-c4

Insertion- superior medial border of scapula

Answer 2

Action - elevates scapula
Action - rotates neck to the same side

Nerve - cervical nerve C3,4,5

Question 3

Splenius Capitis

Origin- ligamentum nuchae, spinous process C7-T6

Insertion - occipital bone and mastoid process

Answer 3

Action - bilateral head extension
Action- Unilateral cervical rotation on the same side

Nerve - C3,C4 spinal nerves

Question 4

Splenius Cervicis

Origin - ligamentum nuchae and spinous process C7 - T6

Insertion - spinous process T3-T6

Answer 4

Action - bilateral head extension
Action- Unilateral cervical rotation on the same side

Nerve- C3,C4 spinal nerves

Question 5

Longissimus

Origin - transverse process of all vertebrae

Insertion - transverse process of all vertebrae

Answer 5

Action - spinal extension and side bending

Nerve - lateral sacral nerve

Question 6

Multifidus

Origin - sacrum, iliac crest

Insertion - Spinous process of all vertebrae

Answer 6

Action - rotates thoracic spine
Action - laterally flexes and extends lumbar and cervical spine

Nerve - posterior spinal nerves

Question 7

Rotatores

Origin - transverse process of all vertebrae

Insertion - vertebral body of all vertebrae

Answer 7

Action - spinal stabilization and rotation

Nerve - posterior spinal nerves

Question 8

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Origin - spinous process of axis C2

Insertion -occipiut

Answer 8

Action - bilaterally extends the head
Action - rotates head to the contracted side

Nerve - suboccipital nerve

Question 9

Obiliquus Capitis Inferior

Origin - spinous process of axis

Insertion - lateral mass of atlas

Answer 9

Action - rotates head to the contracted side

Nerve - suboccipital nerve

Question 10

Longus colli ( deepest neck muscle)

Origin - cervical anterior vertebral bodies

Insertion - cervical anterior transverse process

Answer 10

Action - neck flexion and lateral flexion

Nerve - cervical nerves C2 - C6

Question 11

Longus Capitis

Origin - occipital bone

Insertion - transverse process o C3- C6

Answer 11

Action - head flexion

Nerve - cervical nerves C1-C4

Question 12

Platysma ( most superficial )

Origin - tissue below clavicle

Insertion - base of mandible

Answer 12

Action - neck flexion and mouth skin laterally

Nerve - facial nerve

Question 13

Scalenus Anterior

Origin - C3 - C6

Insertion - 1st rib

Answer 13

Action - elevates 1st rib
Action - laterally flexes the neck

Nerve - ventral ramus of C5-C6

Question 14

Scalenus Medius

Origin - C2-C6

Insertion - 1st rib

Answer 14

Actions - elevates 1st rib
Actions - laterally flexes the neck

Nerve - ventral to C3 - C8

Question 15

Scalenus Posterior Inferior

Origin- transverse process of C4 -C6

Insertion - 2nd rib

Answer 15

Action- elevates 2nd rib
Action - laterally flexes the lower cervical vertebrae

Nerve- C6-C8

Question 16

iliocostalis

Origin - sacrum, iliac crest, spinous process

Insertion - Ribs

Answer 16

Action - spinal extension and lateral flexion

Nerve - Posterior branch of spinal nerves

Question 17

Semispinalis Capitis

Origin - transverse process of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae

Insertion - between superior and inferior nuchal line

Answer 17

Action - Neck extension
Action - Assists lateral flexion and rotation

Nerve - greater occipital nerve

Question 18

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor (sensory organ not prime mover)

Origin - tubercle of posterior atlas

Insertion - Occiput

Answer 18

Action- Extends head at the neck

Nerve - suboccipital nerve

Question 19

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Origin- lateral mass of the atlas

Insertion - occiput

Answer 19

Action - bilaterally extends the head
Action - laterally flexes to the contracted side

Nerve- sub occipital nerve