Muscles of Mastication & Oral Cavity Ch. 7 & 8

Question 1

four primary muscles of mastication

Answer 1

temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, masseter

Question 2

Temporal Fossa is a space that is located superior to the ___________ arch and contains the _______ muscle.

Answer 2

Zygomatic, temporalis.

Question 3

Temporal fossa consists of what bones?

Answer 3

temporal, frontal, parietal, sphenoid

Question 4

Infratemporal Fossa has ________ bony boundaries.

Answer 4

incomplete

Question 5

The infratemporal contains what muscles?

Answer 5

medial, lateral pterygoid muscles and temporalis muscle

Question 6

T/F The infratemporal fossa lies inferior to the zygomatic arch.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

This muscle resembles shape of a fan. Most fibers run vertically, but the posterior fibers course in a horizontal direction to pass over the ear.

Answer 7

Temporalis

Question 8

The temporalis muscle’s tendon passes deep to the zygomatic arch to insert into the ________ process of the mandible in the infratemporal fossa.

Answer 8

Coronid

Question 9

The principal action of the ________ muscle is to elevate the jaw, as in closing the mouth.

Answer 9

temporalis

Question 10

The backward movement of the mandible is called _________.

Answer 10

retrusion

Question 11

The _______ muscle is partially covered by the parotid gland.

Answer 11

masseter

Question 12

The lateral pterygoid has two major actions:

Answer 12

protrusion and depression of the mandible

Question 13

The only muscle of mastication that opens the jaw is the_______ muscle.

Answer 13

Lateral pterygoid

Question 14

Temporalis, Masseter, lateral pterygoid and medial pterygoid are all innervated by the ________ nerve.

Answer 14

Mandibular

Question 15

The only muscle of mastication that is not located in either the temporal or infratemporal fossae is the________ muscle.

Answer 15

Masseter

Question 16

These muscles are generally considered the accessory muscles of mastication:

Answer 16

Buccinator
Anterior belly of the digastric
Posterior belly of the digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid

Question 17

The inability to open the mouth

Answer 17

Trismus

Question 18

The _______ muscle is technically a muscle of facial expression and is innervated by the facial nerve (VII)

Answer 18

Buccinator

Question 19

While chewing, the _________ muscle keeps the cheek wall tight, keeping food in the oral cavity.

Answer 19

Buccinator

Question 20

T/F? The anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle are muscles of the neck.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

The _______ and ________ muscles are muscles of the floor of the mouth.

Answer 21

Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid

Question 22

The _______ and _________ assist in the depression of the mandible.

Answer 22

Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid

Question 23

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a freely moveable synovial joint between the mandibular fossa of the ________ bone and the head of the ________ of the mandible.

Answer 23

temporal, condyle

Question 24

T/F? Only one movement is required to fully depress the mandible (Open the mouth)

Answer 24

False. Two movements are required. One is a hinge movement that partially opens jaw, and the other is a gliding movement that slides the mandibular condyle forward over the articular eminence.

Question 25

Three muscles- the _____, ______ ______, and _______ muscles close the protruded jaw.

Answer 25

temporalis, medial pterygoid, masseter

Question 26

The complete depression of the jaw is hindered because of the diagonal orientation of the _________ _______ in the mandibular fossa.

Answer 26

mandibular condyle

Question 27

The mouth is divided between the oral _______ and the oral ________.

Answer 27

vestibule, cavity

Question 28

The space between the teeth and the cheek and lips.

Answer 28

Oral vestibule

Question 29

The space between the teeth that extends posteriorly to the entrance of the throat.

Answer 29

Oral Cavity

Question 30

Two parts of the Oral Vestibule are the:

Answer 30

Buccal | Labial

Question 31

The ______ vestibule is the space between the teeth and the cheek wall.

Answer 31

Buccal

Question 32

The ________ vestibule is the space between the teeth and the lips.

Answer 32

Labial

Question 33

The _______ _________, also called the ________ fold, represents the reflection of the alveolar mucosa onto the wall of the cheeks and lips (V shaped depression).

Answer 33

vestibular fornix, mucobuccal

Question 34

The lips are attached to the alveolar mucosa by the ______ _______.

Answer 34

labial frenulum

Question 35

A swollen gland is known as a ________.

Answer 35

Mucocele

Question 36

______ ______ are sebaceous glands that open into the oral cavity.

Answer 36

Fordyce spots

Question 37

The _____ ______ is a white horizontal line of keratinized epithelium on the cheek wall that is caused by the grinding of the teeth.

Answer 37

linea alba

Question 38

The lining mucosa of the cheek wall is normally _________ epithelium.

Answer 38

nonkeratinized

Question 39

Space between teeth and gums

Answer 39

sulcus

Question 40

The _____ gingiva is the portion of gingiva attached directly to either the bone or the tooth surface.

Answer 40

attached

Question 41

The nonattached, moveable margin of the gingiva is called the ______ gingiva.

Answer 41

free

Question 42

The light pink-colored gingiva is separated from the darker red alveolar mucosa of the mandible and maxilla by the _______ ________.

Answer 42

Mucogingival line

Question 43

The ______ is the portion of the gingiva that is located in between the contact points between adjacent teeth.

Answer 43

col

Question 44

Although not easily visible the col has a ______ surface.

Answer 44

concave

Question 45

The col becomes ______ by bone loss due to periodontal disease.

Answer 45

flattened

Question 46

There are ____ deciduous (primary) teeth in children.

Answer 46

20

Question 47

In an adult there are ____ permanent teeth.

Answer 47

32

Question 48

The deciduous molars are replaced by the permanent 1st and 2nd _______.

Answer 48

premolars

Question 49

The anatomical crown of the tooth is composed of _____ and ______.

Answer 49

enamel, dentin

Question 50

The root of the tooth is composed of _______

Answer 50

dentin

Question 51

_________ is a mineralized, noncellular tissue that protects the underlying dentin and pulp.

Answer 51

Enamel

Question 52

The _________ is the connective tissue supporting apparatus of the tooth.

Answer 52

Periodontium

Question 53

The ______ crown of the tooth refers to any exposed portion of the tooth in the oral cavity, which can include portions of the root.

Answer 53

clinical

Question 54

At the apex of each root there is an _____ _____ that serves as a passageway for nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels that supply the teeth.

Answer 54

apical foramen

Question 55

The teeth are attached to the bones of the jaws by a dense layer of connective tissue knowns as the ________ _______.

Answer 55

periodontal ligament

Question 56

The articulation of the roots of the teeth to bone is an example of a ________.

Answer 56

gomphosis

Question 57

The aleveolar process is divided into three parts:

Answer 57

cortical plates alveolar bone proper spongiosa

Question 58

In between the cortical plates and the alveolar bone proper is the _______.

Answer 58

spongiosa

Question 59

The roots of multirooted teeth are separated by _______ septum.

Answer 59

interradicular

Question 60

Adjacent teeth are separated by the ______ septum.

Answer 60

interdental

Question 61

The hard palate is divided into the ________ primary palate and _________ secondary palate

Answer 61

Anterior, posterior

Question 62

The primary palate is characterized by the _________ _______ and the ___________ _________ ________ (Rugae).

Answer 62

incisive papilla, transeverse palatal folds

Question 63

The secondary palate is characterized by the ______ ______, which represents the fusion of the palatine processes of the maxillary bone.

Answer 63

palatine raphe

Question 64

This area is an injection site for local anesthesia of the mucosa of the anterior portion of the hard palate and the palatal gingiva of the incisors.

Answer 64

Incisive papilla

Question 65

Clinical name for the duct of the parotid gland?

Answer 65

Stensen’s duct (indicator of adequate salivary flow)

Question 66

Contributes to 5% of the salivary production in the oral cavity

Answer 66

Minor or intrinsic salivary glands

Question 67

The floor of the mouth is primarily housed by the _____.

Answer 67

tongue

Question 68

The floor of the mouth is called the ______ _______.

Answer 68

Sublingual sulcus

Question 69

The _______ _________ is a surface feature of the sulcus and is a fold of the mucosa that covers the sublingual salivary glands.

Answer 69

sublingual folds

Question 70

The tongue is attached to the floor by a fold of mucosa called the_______ ________.

Answer 70

lingual frenulum

Question 71

The tongue is divided into two parts:

Answer 71

Body- (anterior 2/3 of the tongue) | Root- (posterior 1/3 of the tongue)

Question 72

The tongue is divided into two parts by the V shaped groove called the _______ _________.

Answer 72

sulcus terminalis

Question 73

Just anterior to the sulcus there are 7-10 prominent structures called the _______ papilla, which contain the numerous taste buds.

Answer 73

vallate

Question 74

The tongue is divided into right and left halves by the _______ _________.

Answer 74

median sulcus

Question 75

Numerous papillae that are relatively small projections and assist in the formation of a bolus of food preparation for swallowing. Covers most of the surface of tongue; have no taste buds.

Answer 75

Filiform papillae

Question 76

The larger, less numerous papillae on the surface of the tongue that contain taste buds. Scattered on surface of tongue.

Answer 76

Fungiform papillae

Question 77

Columnar like folds of the mucosa, located on the lateral surface pf the tongue and also contain taste buds.

Answer 77

Foliate papillae

Question 78

Posterior one-third of the tongue is covered by the _______ ______.

Answer 78

lingual tonsils

Question 79

The _______________ ________ is a vertical fold medial to the ramus of the mandible.

Answer 79

Pterygomandibular fold

Question 80

The posterior limit of the oral cavity is the _______ _______ _______. This marks the entrance into the oropharynx.

Answer 80

anterior tonsillar pillars

Question 81

The ______ is the midline structure, which represents the termination of the soft palate

Answer 81

Uvula

Question 82

What is the difference between the pterygomandibular fold and the raphe?

Answer 82

The pterygomandibular fold is the mucosa covering the raphe. The raphe is the common connective tissue attachment of the superior constrictor and buccinator muscles.

Question 83

Triangle-shaped region Between the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible and the pterygomandibular fold; Common injection site for anesthesia

Answer 83

Pterygotemporal depression

Question 84

The two muscles that comprise the actual floor of the mouth are the ________ and the ______ musles.

Answer 84

mylohyoid, geniohyoid

Question 85

The MOST superficial muscles that are inferior to the mandible are the _____ and ________.

Answer 85

anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle

Question 86

The tongue is composed of two groups of muscles:

Answer 86

Extrinsic- originate outside the toungue | Intrinsic- originate inside the tongue

Question 87

Both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles are innervated by the ________ nerve.

Answer 87

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Question 88

3 Extrinsic Muscles:

Answer 88

Genioglossus Hyoglossus Styloglossus

Question 89

4 Intrinsic Muscles that shape the tongue:

Answer 89

Transverse vertical superior longitudinal inferior longitudinal

Question 90

Narrows and elongates the tongue

Answer 90

Transverse muscle

Question 91

Flatterns and broadens the tongue

Answer 91

Vertical muscle

Question 92

Curls the tongue superiorly

Answer 92

Superior longitudinal muscle

Question 93

Curls tongue in an inferior direction

Answer 93

Inferior longitudinal muscles

Question 94

Protrudes the tongue; pull hyoid bone forward; largest extrinsic muscle

Answer 94

Genioglossus muscle

Question 95

Lowers the tongue in the floor of the mouth

Answer 95

Hyoglossus muscle

Question 96

Retracts and elevates the tongue

Answer 96

Styloglossus muscle