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Neurocranial Anatomy: Muscles of Mastication and Facial Expression > Muscles of Mastication and Facial Expression (NS) > Flashcards

Muscles of Mastication and Facial Expression (NS) Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerve innervates the 4 true muscles of mastication?

A

CNV- Branches of the trigeminal

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2
Q

Name the 4 true muscles of mastication.

A
  1. Medial pterygoid
  2. Lateral pterygoid
  3. Temporalis
  4. Masseter
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3
Q

Where does the medial pterygoid originate and insert?

A

O: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pterygoid fossa.
I: Medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible.

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4
Q

What are the 2 functions of the medial pterygoid muscle?

A
  1. Elevates mandible

2. Lateral deviation

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5
Q

Where does the superior head of the lateral pterygoid originate and insert?

A

O: Infratemporal crest (G.W. of sphnoid)
I: Disc of TMJ and neck of condyle (pterygoid fossa on medial side).

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6
Q

Where does the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid originate and insert?

A

O: Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate.
I: Disc of TMJ and neck of condyle (pterygoid fossa on medial side)

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7
Q

What is the function of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A
  • Depresses Mandible*

- lateral deviation

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8
Q

Where does the temporalis muscle originate and insert?

A

O: Temporal line of temporal fossa
I: Coronoid process and anterior border of ramus

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9
Q

What are the 2 functions of the temporalis muscle?

A
  1. Elevates mandible (vertical fibers)

2. Retrusion (horizontal fibers)

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10
Q

Where does the superficial part of the masseter muscle originate and insert?

A

O: Zygomatic process of maxilla and anterior 2/3 of inferior zygomatic arch.
I: Angle and lower lateral ramus.

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11
Q

Where does the deep part of the masseter muscle originate and insert?

A

O: Inner surface of posterior 1/3 of zygomatic arch.
I: Superior part of ramus and lateral surface of coronoid process.

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12
Q

What are the 3 functions of the masseter?

A
  1. Elevate mandible
  2. Retrusion
  3. Protrustion
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13
Q

What is the accessory muscle of mastication?

A

Buccinator

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14
Q

What nerve innervates the buccinator?

A

CN VII- Facial nerve

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15
Q

What is the function of the buccinator?

A

Compresses cheek and manages food bolus.

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16
Q

What 2 nerves are located in the pterygomandibular space?

A
  1. Lingual nerve

2. Inferior alveolar nerve

17
Q

What is the clinical significance of the pterygomandibular space?

A

This is where you want to place your syringe when anesthetizing the mandible.

18
Q

What would a consequence be of going too deep in the pterygomandibular space when anesthetizing?

A

May hit the facial nerve (CNVII)–> temporary paralysis to facial muscles.

19
Q

Which nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression?

A

CN VII (Facial)

20
Q

Which muscle is responsible for closing the eye?

A

Orbicular oculi

21
Q

Which muscle is responsible for movement of the lips and closing the mouth?

A

Orbicular oris

22
Q

This muscle is responsible for the wrinkle between your eyes and is associated with the nose. It is also a popular site for botox:

A

Procerus

23
Q

This muscle of the nose is responsible for dilation/compression (lustful expression ;-) ) of the nostrils.

A

Nasalis

24
Q

This muscle is used for smiling and is more lateral and inferior to the other muscle in its group:

A

Zygomaticus major

25
Q

This muscle is used for smiling and is more medial and superior to the other muscle in its group:

A

Zygomaticus minor

26
Q

Which two muscles elevate the lip?

A
  1. Levator labii superioris

2. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (more medial)

27
Q

This muscle is associated with the angle of the mouth and is used for smiling:

A

Levator anguli oris

28
Q

This muscle is associated with the angle of the mouth and is used when frowning:

A

Depressor anguli oris

29
Q

This muscle depresses the lower lip:

A

Depressor labii inferioris

30
Q

This muscle wrinkles the skin on your chin, and is also used when pouting, frowning, or protruding the lip:

A

Mentalis

31
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the cheek?

A
  1. Buccinator

2. Risorius (more superficial)

32
Q

What is the function of the risorius?

A

Moves angle of mouth laterally.

33
Q

What is the function of the frontalis?

A

Raises eyebrows

34
Q

What is the function of the occipitals?

A

Draws scalp posteriorly

35
Q

What is the function of the platysma?

A

Wrinkles neck when clenching.

36
Q

Which muscle draws the eyebrow down and is also a popular site for botox?

A

Corrugator supercilli.

Neurocranial Anatomy: Muscles of Mastication and Facial Expression (1 decks)

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