Muscles of mastication Flashcards
What is the purpose of the muscles of mastication
To allow chewing movements and mouth closing to occur
What is the muscles of mastication made up of?
4 muscles which connect the face and the cranium together
1. Temporalis
2. Masseter
3. Medial pterygoid
4. Lateral pterygoid
Which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?
Trigeminal nerve (V)
What is the point of origin of the temporalis?
Temporal bone of the cranium
What is the point of insertion of the temporalis?
Coronoid process of the mandible passing under the zygomatic arch
Which of the muscles of mastication is situated at the temporal bone of the cranium?
Temporalis
What is the action of the temporalis?
Pulls the mandible backwards and closed
Which of the muscles of mastication are accountable for the closing of the mouth?
Temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid
What is the point of origin of the masseter?
Outer surface of the zygomatic arch
What is the point of insertion of the masseter?
Outer surface of the mandibular ramus and angle
What is the action of the masseter?
Closes the mandible
Which of the muscles of mastication are situated on the outer surface of the zygomatic arch?
Masseter
What is the point of origin of the lateral pterygoid?
Lateral pterygoid plate at the base of the cranium behind the maxillary tuberosity
What is tuberosity?
The hard part of the gum after the 8
What is the point of insertion for the lateral pterygoid?
Head of the mandibular condoyle and into the TMJ meniscus
What is the action of the lateral pterygoid?
Both contracting brings the mandible forward to bite the anterior teeth tip to tp, one contracting pulls the mandible to the opposite side
Which of the muscles of mastication is accountable for moving the mandible from side to side?
Lateral pterygoid
What is the point of origin of the medial pterygoid?
medial pterygoid plate at the base of the cranium just behind the tuberosity and closer to the midline than the lateral plate
Which of the Pterygoid plates are close to the midline?
Medial pterygoid
Which of the pterygoid plates are furthest away from he midline?
Lateral pterygoid
What is the point of insertion of the medial pterygoid?
Inner surface of mandibular ramus and angle
What is the action of the medial pterygoid?
Closes the mandible
