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Head and Neck > Muscles of Facial Expression > Flashcards

Muscles of Facial Expression Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the muscles of facial expression located?

A

In the subcutaneous tissue

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2
Q

Where do the muscles of facial expression insert?

A

into the skin

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3
Q

These muscles share a common embryonic origin, what is it?

A

2nd pharyngeal arch

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4
Q

What are the main 3 groups of facial muscles?

A

Orbital, nasal and oral

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5
Q

Where do the muscles of facial expression originate?

A

From the bone or fascia

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6
Q

What are the two muscles of the orbital group associated with?

A

The eye socket

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7
Q

What are the two muscles of the orbital group?

A

Orbicularis Oculi

Corrugator Supercilli

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8
Q

What does the orbicularis oculi and the corrugator supercilli control?

A

movements of the eyelids

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9
Q

What are the orbicularis oculi and the corrugator supercilli important in?

A

Protecting the cornea from damage

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10
Q

Where is the Orbicularis Oculi located?

A

Surrounds the eye socket and extends into the eyelid

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11
Q

The Orbicularis Oculi can be split functionally into 2 parts. What are the two parts?

A

The Outer Orbital Part

The Inner Palpebral Part

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12
Q

What does the Palpebral part of the Orbicularis Oculi do?

A

Performs gentle closure of the eyelid

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13
Q

What does the orbital part of the Orbicularis Oculi do?

A

Performs forceful closure of the eyelid

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14
Q

What is the Orbicularis Oculi innervated by?

A

The Temporal and Zygomatic Branch of the Facial Nerve

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15
Q

Where is the Corrugator Supercilli located in relation to the Orbicularis Oculi muscle?

A

Posteriorly

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16
Q

What are the attachments of corrugator supercilli?

A

It originates from the supercilliary arch, running in a superolateral direction. It inserts into the skin of the eyebrow

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17
Q

What does the corrugator supercilli do?

A

Draws the eyebrows together (creates vertical wrinkles on the bridge of the nose)

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18
Q

What is the Corrugator Supercilli muscle innervated by?

A

The Temporal Branch of the Facial Nerve

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19
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the Nasal Group?

A

Nasalis, Procerus, Depressor Septi Nasi

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20
Q

Which of the 3 nasal muscles is the largest?

A

Nasalis

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21
Q

The nasalis muscle is split into 2 parts. What are they?

A

Transverse

Alar

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22
Q

Where do the transverse and alar parts of the nasalis muscle originate from?

A

Maxilla

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23
Q

What does the transverse part of the nasalis attach to?

A

To an aponeurosis across the dorsum of the nose

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24
Q

What does the alar part of the nasalis attach to?

A

To the alar cartilage of the nasal skeleton

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25
Q

What does the transverse part of the nasalis do?

A

Compresses the nares

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26
Q

What does the alar part of the nasalis do?

A

Opens the nares

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27
Q

What innervates the nasalis muscle?

A

The facial nerve

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28
Q

What is the most superior of the nasal muscles?

A

Procerus

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29
Q

Which facial muscle lies the most superficially?

A

Procerus

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30
Q

Where does Procerus originate from?

A

The Nasal Bone

31
Q

What does Procerus insert into?

A

Lower Medial Forehead

32
Q

What does Procerus do?

A

It contracts to pull the eyebrows downwards (produces transverse wrinkles over the nose)

33
Q

What innervates Procerus?

A

The Facial Nerve

34
Q

What does the Depressor Septi Nasi do?

A

Assists the alar part of the nasalis in the opening of the nostrils
Pulls nose inferiorly

35
Q

What are the attachments of the Depressor Septi Nasi?

A

Runs from the maxilla (above the medial incisor tooth) to the nasal septum

36
Q

What do the oral group of muscles consist of?

A

Orbicularis Oris, Buccinator and various smaller muscles

37
Q

Where does the Orbicularis Oris arise from?

A

From the maxilla and other muscles of the cheek

38
Q

Where does Orbicularis Oris insert into?

A

The skin and mucous membranes of the lips

39
Q

What does Orbicularis Oris do?

A

It purses the lips

40
Q

What innervates Orbicularis Oris?

A

The Buccal Branch of the Facial Nerve

41
Q

Where is Buccinator located?

A

Between mandible and maxilla, it is deep to the other muscles of the face

42
Q

What does Buccinator originate from?

A

The maxilla and mandible

43
Q

What direction do Buccinator fibres run in?

A

An inferomedial medial direction and blends with the orbicularis oris and the skin of the lips

44
Q

What does Buccinator do?

A

Pulls cheeks inwards against the teeth

Prevents the accumulation of food in that area

45
Q

What innervates Buccinator?

A

The Buccal Branch of the Facial Nerve

46
Q

What muscles are in the lower group of oral muscles?

A

Depressor Anguli Oris
Depressor Labii Inferioris
Mentalis

47
Q

What muscles are in the upper group of oral muscles?

A 
Risorius
Zygomaticus major
zygomaticus minor
levator labii superioris
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
levator anguli oris
48
Q

What innervates Mentalis?

A

The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve

49
Q

What does Depressor Anguli Oris do?

A

Frowning- depresses the corner of the mouth

50
Q

What does Depressor Labii Inferioris do?

A

Depresses lower lip and moves it laterally

51
Q

What does mentalis do?

A

Raises and protrudes the lower lip as it wrinkles the skin of the chin

52
Q

What does risorius do?

A

Contraction of its fibres pulls the corner of the mouth laterally and upward

53
Q

What do zygomaticus major and zygomaticus minor do?

A

Raise the corner of the mouth and move it laterally

54
Q

What does levator labii superioris do?

A

Deepens the furrow between the nose and the corner of the mouth during sadness

55
Q

What does levator labii superioris alaeque nasi?

A

May assist in flaring the nares

56
Q

What does levator anguli oris do?

A

Elevates the corner of the mouth and may help deepen the furrow between the nose and the corner of the mouth during sadness

57
Q

What muscles are not in the are defined as the face but are considered muscles of facial expression?

A

Platysma, auricular, occipitofrontalis

58
Q

Where does platysma arise from?

A

(Superficial Fascia)

Below the clavicle in the upper part of the thorax

59
Q

What does platysma do?

A

Tenses the skin of the neck Moves the lower lip and corners of the mouth down

60
Q

What are the auricular muscles associated with?

61
Q

What are the 3 auricular muscles?

A

Anterior (anterolateral), Superior, Posterior

62
Q

What does the anterior auricular muscle do?

A

Pulls the ear upward and forward

63
Q

What does the superior auricular muscle do?

A

Elevates the ear

64
Q

What does the posterior auricular muscle do?

A

Retracts and elevates the ear

65
Q

What is occipitofrontalis associated with?

66
Q

What does occipitofrontalis consist of?

A 
Frontal belly (anteriorly)
Occipital belly (posteriorly)
67
Q

What connects the 2 bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

A

An aponeurotic tendon

68
Q

What do the occipitofrontalis muscles do?

A

Move the scalp and wrinkle the forehead

69
Q

What does the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle cover?

A

The Forehead

70
Q

What does the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle attach to?

A

The skin of the eyebrows

71
Q

Where does the Occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle arise from?

A

The Posterior aspect of the skull

72
Q

What is the size of the Occipital belly in relation to the Frontal belly?

73
Q

What innervates platysma?

A

The cervical branch of the facial nerve

Head and Neck (4 decks)

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