Muscles Of Back And Neck Flashcards by Meng Jia Gu

What are the origin and insertion of the latissimus dorsi

O:- spinous process of T7-T12
- thoracolumbar fascia
-ilum (hip)

I: intertubercular groove of the humerous

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Function of latissimus dorsi

1.Primary mov of shoulder
adduction, extension, median rotation

bilateral: spine extension
unilateral: ipsilateral lateral flexion of the lumbar spine

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Innervation of latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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True or false latissimus dorsi is a synergist of the other back muscle

trueeeee
latissimus dorsi is a limb muscle but also synergist of other back muscles

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What is the categorie of latissimus dorsi

Extrinsic back muscles first layer

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What is the categorie of trapezius

Extrinsic back muscles first layer

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What are the origin and insertion of the trapezius

O: back of skull
spinous process C7-T12
Nuchal ligament
I: scapula

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Functions of the trapezius

1: bilateral: neck extension
unilateral: ispilateral lateral flexion of cervical spine and contralateral rotation of the cervical spine

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How is trapezius placed (par rapport) au latissimus doris

Trapezius is superior to latissimus dorsi

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Inervation of trapezius

Accessory spinal nerve (diamond)

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Is trapezius a synergist of other back muscle?

yesss

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What is the catergory of levator scapulae

Extrinsic, second layer

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What are the origin and insertion of the levator scapulae

O: cervical spine
I: superior/medial border of the scapula

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Functions of levator scapulae

Primary: movement of the scapula ex: shrugging
Secondary: movement of cervical spine
bilateral: extension of cervical spine
unilateral: ispsilateral lateral flexion of cervical spine

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Innervation of levator scapulae

C3-C5

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Origin and Insertion of rhomboid major and minor

O: cervical and thoracic spine
I: inferomedial border of scapula

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Function of rhomboid

movement of the scapula, none in the back

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Innervation of rhomboid

dorsal scapular C5

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What is the catergory of rhomboid

Extrinsic back muscle , second layer

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What is the catergory of serratus posterior superior and inferior

Extrinsic back muscle, 3 layer deep

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Origin and insertion of serratus posterior superior

O: nuchal ligament, SP C7-T4
I: superior border of ribs 1-4

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Function of serratus posterior superior

Elevation of the ribs

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Origin and insertion of serratus posterior inferior

O:Thoracolumbar fascia and SP of T11-T12
I: Inferior border of ribs (8/9)-12

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Function of serratus posterir inferior

Depression of lower ribs

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Innervation of serratus posterior inferior

T9-T12 (anterior rami)

Innervation of serratus posterior superior

T2-T5 (anterior rami)

What is the category of erector spinae ?

Intrinsics muscle of the back, intermediate

Name in order the 3 muscles of erector spinae from distal to proximal

illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Origin and insertion of erector spinae

O: sacrum/ilum spinous processes I: ribs (Illiocostalis, longissimus) transverse process: longissimus SP: S

Function of erector spinae

Bilateral: spine extension unilateral: lateral flexion of spine (esp I)

In the erector spinae muscles, who has the greatest lever arm?

illiocostalis

Innervation of erector spinae

Posterior rami of adjacent spinal nerve

What category is transversospinalis?

Deep muscle of the back , intrinsic

What are the parts of transversospinalis ?

capitis semispinalis cervicis semispinalis thoracis semispinalis multifidus rotatores:- longus, brevis

Innervation of transversospinalis (very minimal)

posterior rami

Origin and insertion of transversospinalis

O: transverse processes I: SP

Function of transversospinalis

Bilateral: extension of spine unilaterla: contralateral rotation of spine

Category of splenius

Neck muscles, superficial posterior

What are the two parts of splenius muscle?

1. splenius capitis 2. splenius cervicis

(Origin and insertion) of splenius capitis

Nuchal ligament + spinous process C7-T2 to skull, mastoid process

(Origin and insertion) of splenius cervicis

O: Spinous process T3-T6 to TPof C1-C3

Innervation of splenius

Posterior rami of cervial nerves

Function of splenius

Bilateral: extension of the spine unilateralL ispilateral lateral flexion and ispilateral rotation of the head and the cervical spine (shaking head)

Category of suboccipital muscles

muscles of the neck, deep posterior

Name de 4 muscles of the suboccipital muscles

rectus capitis minor rectus capitis major obliquus capitis superior obliquus capitis inferior

Origin and insertion of each muscle of the suboccipital muscle

rectus capitis minor: SP C1 to occiput rectus capitis major: TP C2 to occiput obliquus capitis inferior: SP C2 to TP C1 obliquus capitis inferior : TP C2 to occiput

Function of 4 muscles of suboccipital muscles

Bilateral: extension of head unilateral: ipsilateral lateral flexion of the head and ipsilateral rotation of the head (rectus, cap major and obliq. cap infé)

Are suboccipital muscles, synergist?

yesss

What are in the suboccipital triangle?

- verterbral artery Suboccipital nerve (C1) posterior rami nerve to all suboccipital muscle, when get trap can cause pain in the upper head

Borders of the suboccipital triangle

rectus capitis major obliquus capitis inferior and supé

What is category of sternocleidomastoid?

superficial anterior, neck muscles

Attachment of sternocleidomastoid

sternum, clavicule, mastoid process

Functions of sternocleidomastoid

Bilateral: extenion of head/neck flexion of neck (inferior cervical vertebrae-sternal head) unilateral contralateral rot ispilateral lateral flexion

Invervation of sternocleidomastoid

spinal accessory nerve

Describe extrinsinc muscle of the back

anterior rami of spinal nerve superfical muscles muscles in the back but mov of the upper limb

Describe intrinsic muscle of the back

posterior rami of spinal nerve in the back and function are in the back primary function: support and mov of vertebral column Attachement site: vertebrae to vertebrae or vertebrae to ribs

What are the deep anterior muscles of the neck?

Rectus capitis lateralis rectus capitis anterior longus capitis longus colli scalenes (mid,post,ant)

Attachement and function of rectus capitis lateralis

TP atlas to occiput), ipsilateral head flexion

Attachement and function of rectus capitis anterior

TP atlas to occiput), ipsilateral rotation, flexion

Attachement and function of longus capitis

TP cervical verts to occiput), head flexion

Attachement and function of longus colli

body C/T verts to body or TP cervical verts), bilateral: neck flexion, ipsilateral flexion of cervical spine (~neck)

Attachment of scalenes

TPs of cervical vertebrae C2- C7 to first rib (anterior and middle scalenes) or second rib (posterior scalene)

Function scalenes

elevate ribs (A, resp.) OR flex cervical spine (B, bilateral), and lateral flexion of cervical spine (ipsilateral)

Innervation of scalenes (deep anterior)

anterior rami C3-C8

Innervation of rectus capitis lateralis, anterior longus capitis longus colli

anterior rami C1-C3