Muscles of Anterior Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

A
  • Ipsilateral neck flexion and contralateral rotation when unilaterally contracted
  • Neck flexion when bilaterally contracted
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2
Q

Innervation of the Sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

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3
Q

Blood supply of the Sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Superior thyroid artery and occipital arteries

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4
Q

Function of the Platysma Muscle

A

Tighten skin over the neck and draws corners of the mouth

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5
Q

Innervation of the platysma Muscle

A

Cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)

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6
Q

Blood supply of the platysma muscle

A

Submental cranch of the facial artery and suprascapular artery

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7
Q

Innervation of the Sternohyoid muscle

A

ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus receiving fibers from the ventral rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves

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8
Q

Innervation of the Omohyoid muscle

A

ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus receiving fibers from the ventral rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves

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9
Q

Innervation of the Sternothyroid muscle

A

ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus receiving fibers from the ventral rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves

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10
Q

Innervation of the Thyrohyoid Muscle

A

ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus receiving fibers from the ventral rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves

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11
Q

The function of the Sternohyoid and Omohyoid muscle

A

Depresses the hyoid bone

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12
Q

Function of the Sternothyroid Muscle

A

Depresses thyroid cartilage

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13
Q

Innervation of the Infrahyoid muscles

A

infrahyoid muscles (aka strap muscles): Sternohyoid, Omohyoid, Sternthyroid, and Thyrohyoid muscles

ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus receiving fibers from the ventral rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves

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14
Q

Function of Thyrohyoid muscle

A

Elevates the thyroid cartilage and depressed the hyoid bone

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15
Q

Blood supply of the Infrahyoid Muscles

A

Infrahyoid muscles (aka strap muscles): Sternohyoid, Omohyoid, Thyrohyoid, and Sternothyroid muscles

Supplied by the Superior Thyroid Artery

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16
Q

Function of Anterior and Posterior Belly of Digastric muscles

A

Anterior belly contraction: Depresses the mandible

Posterior belly contraction: Elevate the hyoid bone during chewing and swallowing

17
Q

Innervation of the Anterior and Posterior bellies of the Digastric muscle

A

Anterior belly: Mylohyoid nerve (CNV3)

Posterior Belly: Digastric branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)

18
Q

Blood supply of the Anterior and Posterior belly of Digastric muscles

A

Facial artery and occipital artery

19
Q

Function of the Stylohyoid muscle

A

Elevates and retracts the hyoid bone

20
Q

Innervation of the stylohyoid muscle

A

Stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)

21
Q

Blood supply of the Stylohyoid muscle

A

Branched of the external carotid artery

(lingual artery, facial artery, occipital artery, posterior auricular artery)

22
Q

Function of the mylohyoid muscle

A

Raise the floor of oral cavity, elevate hyoid bone, elevate the tongue, and depress mandible

23
Q

Innervation of the mylohyoid muscle

A

Mylohyoid nerve (CNV3)

24
Q

Blood supply of the mylohyoid Muscles

A

Mylohyoid artery of inferior alveolar artery and submental artery of facial artery

25
Function of the Geniohyoid muscle
Elevate the hyoid bone and tongue during swallowing
26
Innervation of the Geniohyoid muscle
Ansa cervical (C1)
27
Blood supply of the Geniohyoid muscle
Lingual artery
28
Function of the Cricothyroid muscles
Tenses and elongates the vocal sords
29
Innervation of the Cricothyroid muscle
External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
30
Blood supply of the Cricothyroid muscle
Branch of the superior thyroid artery
31
Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
Origin: C1-C6 ventral roots (reenters the cranial cavity via foramen magnum and exits via jugular foramen and innervates the muscles) Innervates: SCM and Trapezius
32
Phrenic Nerve
Origin: C3-C5 Ventral root ("C3, 4, 5 Keep the Diaphragm alive") Innervated the Diaphragm
33
Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
Origin: Comes from the hypoglossal canal. Medulla Innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
34
Ansa Cervicalis
Origin: C1-C3 ventral root Innervated the Infrahyoid muscles (Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid, Omohyoid muscles)
35
Vagus Nerve (CN X)
Origin: Medulla Motor: levator veli palatini, pharyngeal constrictors, intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles, and palatoglossus muscle Sensory: inferior pharynx, larynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera Parasympathetic: Thoracic and Abdominal viscera Special sensory: epiglottis taste buds
36
Right and Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Motor: Intrinsic muscles of the larynx Sensory: Larynx below vocal cords
37
Superior laryngeal nerve
Internal laryngeal nerve * Sensory to larynx above vocal cords External laryngeal nerve * Motor to cricothyroid muscle