muscles general Flashcards
how much percent of our body weight does muscles make up
~50%
why are muscles important
for function and movement of the body
why is PT important for muscles
help us look at the relationship of muscles and bones that they help to move, while also providing force and energy to move the levers/bones
what are intramuscular injections, and why are they useful
injections into the muscle and are more useful because the muscles is rich in blood supply and able to store myoglobin, so the injection can freely move around the body and be stored in the muscles
what are the types of muscles
- smooth (internal organs)
- cardiac (heart)
- skeletal (main)
when muscles are at rest they are _
long
when muscles are contracting they are _
shorter
what are the main function of muscles
- to move
- provide stability
- control passages
- heat production
- glycemic control
muscle movement
move lever system in body (bones)
muscle stability
keep the body physically balanced
muscle control passages
control smooth muscles
muscle heat production
require energy for contraction, which generate heat
muscle glycemic control
ability to control amount of glucose in body/blood
muscle characteristics
- excitable
- contractible
- extensible
- elastic
how is a muscle excited
by neurons or stimulus
how is a muscle being able to contract unique
only in muscle tissue
what does it mean when a muscle is extensible
it is able to extend
what does it mean when a muscle is elastic
it is able to recoil after being stretched
properties of smooth muscle
involuntary
no striations, spindle shaped
in walls of visceral organs
push contents throughout the body
properties of cardiac muscle
involuntary
striations
in walls of the heart
contract with no nervous stimulus, and nervous system affects the heart
properties of skeletal muscle
voluntary and involuntary
long cells with striations
most adaptable, attached to and surround skeleton
what is the name of the muscle cells in the heart
cardiomyocytes
layers of connective tissues (largest to smallest)
epimysium
perimysium
endomysium
epimysium
thin layer of connective tissue on surface of muscle tissue that surrounds it as a whole
perimysium
each bundle of muscle (fascicles) is surrounded by this connective tissue
endomysium
surrounds each individual muscle cell/fiber (long cylinder)
functional groups of muscle fibers
intrinsic extrinsic prime mover synergist antagonist fixator
intrinsic
located inside the system they are moving
extrinsic
located outside of the system they are actually moving
prime mover
muscle that’s doing the majority of work to move the bone in a direction
synergist
help move muscle in the same direction
antagonist
move muscle in opposite direction
fixator
help provide stability for other muscle movement
and fix location (stabilizer muscles)
tendon
anchor point of connective tissue
compartmentalization
fascia/ fascicle
