Muscles, Antagonistic Pairs and Muscle Contraction Types Flashcards
Identify the major muscles acting at synovial joints Define an agonist, antagonist and fixator, Identify the type of muscle contraction that takes place in joints movements
What are the muscles in the shoulder?
Deltoids
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major
Teres major
Trapezius
What are the muscles in the wrist?
Pronator teres (pronation)
Supinator (supination)
What are the muscles in the abdomen?
Rectus abdominis
Internal/External oblique
What are the muscles in the leg (front)?
Rectus femoris
Vastus Medialis
Vastus lateralis
What are the muscles in the hip and groin?
Iliopsoas
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
What are the muscles in the leg (back)?
Bicep femoris
What are the muscles in the glutes?
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
What is the movement of the bicep femoris?
Flexion at the knee
What is the movement of the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus)?
Plantar-flexion
What is the movement of the tibialis anterior?
Dorsi-flexion
What is the movement of the gluteus maximus?
Hip extension
What is the movement at the gluteus minimus and medius?
Hip abduction and rotation
what is the movement of the hip and groin muscles?
Flexion
what is the movement of the rectus femoris
Extension at the knee
what is the movement of the rectus abdominis?
Flexion
Extension
what is the movement of the trapezius and deltoid?
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Horizontal abduction
what is the movement of the latissimus dorsi?
horizontal extension
what is the movement of the teres major?
horizontal flexion
What is the role of a tendon?
attaches muscle to bone
what does it mean by the agonist?
responsible for creating movement at a joint
what does it mean by the antagonist?
relaxes, provides a resistance
what does it mean by the fixator?
stabilizes one part of body whilst other causes movement
What’s a isometric muscle contraction?
Muscular contraction where the muscles involved do not change length.
What’s an isotonic muscle contraction
Muscular contraction resulting in movement where muscle length changes
What’s a eccentric muscle contraction?
Usually when a muscle is acting as a break against gravity
Usually on the downwards phase of a movement
The agonist stays the same.
What is a concentric muscle contraction?
Where the muscle increases tension (contracts) as it shortens.
