Muscles And Their Function Flashcards
The connection between a tendon and bone is called
The Tendoperiosteal Junction
The Belly
Is the central portion of muscle
Head
One of at least 2 extensions of a particular muscle belly that attaches via its own tendon
Concentric Contraction
When muscle develops tension, it pulls on the attachments of the muscle
When the tension is greater than the resistance, the muscles undergoes a shortening or contraction
Pulls to attachments closer together
Isotonic Contraction
When a muscle contracts against a resistance that is not changing (lifting 5kg) and the muscles changes in length
Isometric Contraction
When a muscle contracts against a resistance with no visible change in muscle length
Eccentric Contraction
When a muscle is generating force but is unable to overcome the force the muscle undergoes a lengthening
Used as a control movement or as a act to brake movement
Muscle attachments move away from each other.
Origin
The attachment that is fixed is sometimes called the origin
Insertion
The attachment that is moving is sometimes called the insertion
Prime Mover (Agonist)
The primary muscle causing the desired movement
Quads for knee extension
Ham strings for knee Flexion
Antagonist
The muscle that opposes a specific action
Knee Flexion - hamstrings making quads antagonistic
Stabilizers (fixators)
The muscles that stabilize the more proximal joints during actions of more distal joints
Ex. Low back muscles stabilize trunk while hip flexors can lift the leg
Synergists (neutralizers)
The muscle(s) that work to assist the prime mover in a given action
Ex. Large calf muscles point the toes
Fascia Lata
It is connective tissue that invests throughout the thigh and surrounds the thigh muscle in a sense tubular sheath.
Iliotibial Tract
The Fascia Lata thickens laterally called the ITBand
Gerdy’s Tubercle
Also known as the Lateral Tibial Tubercle
The ITBand attaches superiority to the iliac crest and inferiorly to Gerdys Tubercle and patella
Psoas Major
Superior/proximal attachments are sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and assoc. disks.
Inferior attachment lesser trochanter
Flexes lower back (lumbar spine)
Iliacus
Superior attachment iliac Fossa
Distal: lesser trochanter
W/ psoas flexes hip
Pulls hip anteriorly
Glute Max
Superior: external posterior surface of ilium, sacrum, Coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
Inferior 3/4s to ITB, the remaining gluteal tuberosity
Hip extension
Abduction
External rotation
Glute Med
Superior: external Ilium
Inferior: lateral surface of greater trochanter
Action: abduction, stabilize the hip,
Anterior fibres: external rotation, Flexion
Posterior Fibres: external rotation and extension
Glute Min
Superior: external ilium
Inferior: greater trochanter
Action: abduction, internal rotation
Anterior fibres: Flexion
Tensor Fascia Lata
superior: outer ASIS
Inferior: iliotibial band
Action: Flexion, abduction, internal rotation
Piriformis
Superior Attachment: anterior sacrum through the greater sciatic notch
Inferior: posteromedial aspect of greater trochanter
Action: lateral rotation, abduction flexed at 60 degrees , internal rotation when flexed at greater than 60 degrees
Trendelenburg Gate
Weak/inhibited Glute Med
The connection between a muscle and a tendon is called
The musculotendinous junction (MTJ)
