Muscles And Nerves

Question 1

Action of the gluteus maximus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 1

• extension of the thigh at the hip joint
• lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint
• superior fibres also abduct the thigh at the hip joint
• inferior gluteal nerve

Question 2

Action of the gluteus medius and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 2

• abduction of the thigh at the hip joint
• medial rotation of the thigh at the hip joint
• superior gluteal nerve

Question 3

Action of the gluteus minimus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 3

• abduction of the thigh at the hip
• medial rotation of the thigh at the hip
• superior gluteal nerve

Question 4

Action of the tensor fasciae latae and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 4

• abduction of the thigh at the hip
• medial rotation of the thigh at the hip
• superior gluteal nerve

Question 5

Action of the iliacus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 5

• flexion of the thigh at the hip

- femoral nerve

Question 6

Action of psoas major and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 6

• flexion of the thigh at the hip

- femoral nerve

Question 7

If the lower limb is fixed, the iliacus and psoas major will produce:

Answer 7

• flexion of the trunk on the thigh

Question 8

What is the function of the iliotibial tract and what tissue is it composed of?

Answer 8

• composed of dense fibrous connective tissue

- function:

Question 9

Function of the adductor magnus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 9

• adduction of the thigh at the hip

- sciatic nerve

Question 10

Function of the adductor longus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 10

• adduction of the thigh at the hip
• flexion of the thigh at the hip
• medial rotation of the thigh at the hip
• obturator nerve

Question 11

Which three muscles make up the hamstrings? What are their two common actions and in what movements are they antagonists?

Answer 11

• biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Synergists

• flexion of the leg at the knee
• extension of the thigh at the hip

-

Question 12

Action of the biceps femoris and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 12

• flexion of the leg at the knee
• extension of the thigh at the hip
• lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip
• sciatic nerve
• short head innervated by common fibular (peroneal) nerve

Question 13

Function of semimembranosus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 13

• flexion of the leg at the knee
• extension of the thigh at the hip
• medial rotation of the thigh at the hip
• sciatic nerve

Question 14

Function of semitendinosus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 14

• flexion of the leg at the knee
• extension of the thigh at the hip
• medial rotation of the thigh at the hip
• sciatic nerve

Question 15

Function of gracilis and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 15

• flexion of the leg at the knee
• medial rotation of the leg at the knee
• adduction of the thigh at the hip
• medial rotation of the thigh at the hip
• obturator nerve

Question 16

Which four muscles make up the quadriceps? What is their collective action?

Answer 16

• vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris
• extension of the leg at the knee

Question 17

Action of rectus femoris and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 17

• extension of the leg at the knee
• flexion of the thigh at the hip
• femoral nerve

Question 18

Action of sartorius and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 18

• flexion of the thigh at the hip
• abduction of the thigh at the hip
• lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip
• flexion of the leg at the knee
• femoral nerve

Question 19

Action of popliteus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 19

• when knee flexion is initiated, it contracts to produce slight medial rotation of the tibia that unlocks the joint
• tibial nerve

Question 20

Action of gastrocnemius and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 20

• plantar flexion of the ankle joint
• flexion of the leg at the knee
• tibial nerve

Question 21

Action of soleus and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 21

• plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle

- tibial nerve

Question 22

Action of fibularis longus (or peroneus longus) and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 22

• eversion of the foot
• plantar flexion of the foot
• superficial fibular nerve

Question 23

Action of fibularis (peroneus) brevis and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 23

• eversion of the foot
• plantar flexion of the foot
• superficial fibular nerve

Question 24

Action of tibialis anterior and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 24

• dorsiflexion of the foot
• inversion of the foot
• deep fibular nerve

Question 25

Action of tibialis posterior and which nerve it is innervated by:

Answer 25

• inversion of the foot
• plantar flexion of the foot
• tibial nerve

Question 26

Which two muscles insert at the calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)?

Answer 26

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 27

What are the four major nerve plexuses?

Answer 27

• cervical plexus
• brachial plexus
• lumbar plexus
• sacral plexus

Question 28

What muscle does the phrenic nerve innervate and which plexus does it originate from?

Answer 28

• the diaphragm

- originates from the cervical plexus

Question 29

Name 3 muscles innervated by the cervical plexus:

Answer 29

• rhomboids
• serratus anterior
• gleniohyoid
• thyrohyoid
• omohyoid
• sternohyoid
• sternothyroid

Question 30

The musculocutaneous nerve innervates which muscle?

Answer 30

• biceps brachii
• brachialis
• coracobrachialis

Question 31

The ulnar nerve innervates which muscle?

Answer 31

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 32

The median nerve innervates which muscles?

Answer 32

• flexor carpi radialis

- palmaris longus

Question 33

The median nerve is formed from branches of which two cords?

Answer 33

The lateral cord and the medial cord

Question 34

The axillary nerve innervates which muscles?

Answer 34

• deltoids

- teres minor

Question 35

The radial nerve innervates which muscles?

Answer 35

• triceps brachii
• brachioradialis
• extensor carpi radialis
• extensor carpi ulnaris
• supinator
• anconeus