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BIO233 > Muscles & Actions > Flashcards

Muscles & Actions Flashcards

1
Q

Frontalis

A

Elevates eyebrows; wrinkles skin of forehead

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2
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Closes eyes; assists in facial expression

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3
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Closes lips, purses and protrudes lips (kissing muscle)

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4
Q

Styloglossus

A

Draws tongue superiorly and posteriorly

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5
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Elevates and retracts hyoid bone

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6
Q

Massester

A

Elevates mandible (during chewing)

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7
Q

Platysma

A

Draws lower lip and angle of mouth downward

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8
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Flexes neck if both sides contract (bilateral action); laterally flexes neck and rotates head to opposite side if one one side contracts (unilateral)

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9
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Depresses larynx; aids in singing low notes

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10
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

Extends lumbar spine if both sides contract; ipsilateral flexion if only one side contracts; aids respiration

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11
Q

Erector spinae

A

Extend and laterally flex vertebral column; 3 parts (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)

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12
Q

Diaphragm

A

Contraction expands thoracic cavity and compresses abdominopelvic cavity

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13
Q

External intercostal

A

Elevate and protract ribs, expanding the thoracic cavity

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14
Q

Internal intercostal

A

Depress and retract ribs, compressing the thoracic cavity

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15
Q

Rectus abdominis

“6 pack”

A

Flexes lumbar vertebral column; increases abdominal pressure

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16
Q

Transverse abdominal

A

Compresses abdominal contents if both sides contract

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17
Q

Internal abdominal oblique

A

Flexes vertebral column and increases abdominal pressure if both sides contract; ipsilateral rotation at waist if only one side contracts

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18
Q

External abdominal oblique

A

Flexes vertebral column and increases abdominal pressure if both sides contract; contralateral rotation at waist if only one side contracts

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19
Q

Lavator ani

A

Forms floor of pelvis, supports pelvic viscera

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20
Q

Trapezius

A

Fixes scapula and shoulder during arm movements; retracts (adducts) scapula; specific fibers aid in lateral rotation, elevation & depression

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21
Q

Rhomboideus major

A

Deep to trapezius; fixes scapula during arm movements; retracts (adducts) scapula

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22
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Protracts (abducts) scapula; prime mover in all forward-reaching and pushing actions

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23
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Flexes shoulder; adducts and medially rotates arm; horizontal flexion of arm

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24
Q

Deltoid

A

Whole muscle abducts arm; specific fibers aid in rotation of the arm and flexion, extension, horizontal extension of the shoulder

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25
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Extends shoulder; adducts and medially rotates arm

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26
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Abducts arm

27
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Laterally rotates arm

28
Q

Teres minor

A

Laterally rotates and adducts arm

29
Q

Subscapularis

A

Medially rotates arm

30
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Flexes shoulder and elbow; supinates forearm

31
Q

Brachialis

A

Prime mover in elbow flexion

32
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Flexes elbow

33
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Prime mover in forearm pronation

34
Q

Supinator

A

Supinates forearm

35
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexes wrists; radial flexion of wrists

36
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexes wrists; ulnar flexion of wrists

37
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Extends elbow; extends shoulder and adducts arm

38
Q

Extensor capri radialis longus

A

Flexes wrists; radial flexion of wrist

39
Q

Extensor capri ulnaris

A

Extends wrist; ulnar flexion of wrist

40
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Extends wrist and fingers

41
Q

Iliacus

A

Flexes thigh or trunk at hip; balances trunk when sitting

42
Q

Psoas major

A

Flexes thigh or trunk at hip; balances trunk when sitting

43
Q

Iliopsoas

A

These two muscles joint to insert at the lesser trochanter and shaft of the femur via a common tendon

44
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Extends and laterally rotates hip

45
Q

Adductor longus

A

Adducts and flexes hip

46
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Adducts and extends hip

47
Q

Gracilis

A

Adducts and flexes hip; flexes knee

48
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Flexes hip; extends knee

49
Q

Vastus laretalis

A

Extends knee

50
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Extends knee

51
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Extends knee

52
Q

Sartorius

A

Abducts and laterally rotates hip; flexes knee and medially rotates lower leg to allow cross-legged position

53
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Extends hip; flexes knee; lateral rotation of lower leg

54
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Extends hip; flexes knee; medial rotation of lower leg

55
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Extends hip; flexes knee; medial rotation of lower leg

56
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Dorsiflexes ankle; inverts foot

57
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Extends great toe; dorsiflexes foot

58
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Plantar flexes ankle; flexes knee

59
Q

Soleus

A

Plantar flexes ankle

60
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Plantar flexes and inverts foot

61
Q

Popliteus

A

Medial rotation of lower leg; unlocks knee to allow flexion

62
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

Everts foot

63
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Plantar flexes and everts foot

BIO233 (2 decks)

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