Muscles Flashcards
Buccinator
Origin: Maxilla and Mandible
Insertion: orbicularis Oris
Action: compresses cheeks
Orbicularis Oris
Origin: maxilla and mandible
Insertion: lips
Action: compresses lips
Orbicularis oculi
Origin: orbit
Insertion: eyelids
Action: closes eye
Epicranius frontal belly
Origin: epicranial aponeurosis
Insertion: eyebrows and bridge of nose
Action: wrinkles forehead and raises eyebrows
Epicranius occipital belly
Origin: occipital bone
Insertion: epicranial aponeurosis
Action: tenses scalp
Masseter
Origin: zygomatic arch
Insertion: mandible
Action: elevates mandible
Temporalis
Origin: temporal line
Insertion: mandible
Action: elevates mandible
External intercostals
Origin: inferior border of each rib
Insertion: superior border of each rib
Action: elevates ribs
Internal intercostals
Origin: superior border of each rib
Insertion: inferior border of superior rib
Action: depresses ribs
External oblique
Origin: ribs 5-12
Insertion: Linea alba and iliac crest
Action: compressed abdomen, flexes vertebral
Column
Internal oblique
Origin: thoracolumbar fascia and iliac crest
Insertion: inferior ribs, lines alba, xiphoid process
Action: compresses abdomen, trunk flexion, rotate same side
Transversus abdominis
Origin: ribs 6-12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: linea alba, pubis
Action: compresses abdomen and helps force breathing.
Rectus abdominis
Origin: superior pubis
Insertion: ribs 5-7, xiphoid process
Action: depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column, and compresses abdomen
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: sternal end of clavicle, manubrium
Insertion: mastoid of skull
Action: flexes neck, bends head to shoulder
Lavatory scalpulae
Origin: first 4 cervical vertebrae
Insertion: vertebral border
Action: elevates scapula
Pectoralis minor
Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: coracoid process of scapula
Action: tilts scapula anteriorly
Rhomboid major
Origin: superior thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: vertebral border of scapula
Action: adduct scapula and downward rotation
Rhomboid minor
Origin: C7-T1
Insertion: vertebral border of scapula
Action: adduct scapula and downward rotation
Serratus anterior
Origin: anterior, superior ribs 1-8
Insertion: vertebral border of scapula
Action: protracts shoulder and rotates scapula
Trapezius
Origin: occipital bone, spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae, and ligamentum nuchae
Insertion: clavicle, scapula
Action: elevates, retracts, depresses, rotates scapula, elevates clavicle, extends neck
Deltoid
Origin: clavicle and scapula
Insertion: humerus
Action: abduct shoulder, anterior & posterior flexion extension and rotation
Supraspinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: abduct shoulder
Subscapularis
Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action: medial rotation at the shoulder
Teres major
Origin: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: extension, medial rotation, addiction
Infraspinatus
Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: lateral rotation at shoulder
Teres minor
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: lateral rotation at shoulder
Pectoralis major
Origin: ribs 2-6, sternum and medial clavicle
Insertion: greater tubercle and intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: flexion, addiction, medial rotation of shoulder
Latissimus dorsi
Origin: inferior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, ribs 8-12, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: extend, adduct, medial rotation of shoulder
Biceps brachii
Origin: coracoid process; Supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: tuberosity of radius
Action: flexion of elbow
Brachialis
Origin: Distal surface of humerus
Insertion: ulna
Action: elbow flexion
Brachioradialis
Origin: lateral epicondyl of humerus
Insertion: radius
Action: elbow flexion
Triceps brachii
Origin: lateral head/ later humerus long head/ infraglenoid tubercle scapula. Medial head: posterior of humerus
Insertion: olecranon
Action: extension of elbow
Pronator
Origin: distal ulna
Insertion: distal radius
Action: pronation
Pronator teres
Origin: coranoid process of ulna and humerus
Insertion: midlateral radius
Action: pronation
Supinator
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial notch of ulna
Insertion: radial tuberosity
Action: supination
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: Iliac crest, lateral ilium, sacrum coccyx, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: femur
Action: extension and lateral hip rotation
Gluteus medius
Origin: anterior Illiac crest
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: abduction and medial rotation of hip
Gluteus minimus
Origin: lateral Ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: abduction and medial rotation of hip
Periformus
Origin: sacrum
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: lateral rotation and abduction of hip
Adductor longus
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspira of femur
Action: adduct thigh and downward rotation
Adductor magnus
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
Action: adduct scapula and downward rotation
Iliposas Psoas Major
Origin: Vertebrae T12-L5
Insertion: Iliacus
Action: flex hip
Iliacus
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: femur (tendon fused with psoas major)
Action: flexion of hip
Biceps femoris
Origin: Linea aspera of femur and ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula
Action: flexion of knee
Semimembranous
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia
Action: flexion of the knee
Semitendonosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: proximal, medial surface of tibia near gracialis
Action: flexion of knee
Popliteus
Origin: lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: tibial shaft
Action: medial rotation of tibia and flexion of knee
Rectus femoris
Origin: Iliac spine; superior Ilium
Insertion: tibial tuberosity by the patellar ligament (tibiopatellar ligament)
Action: flexion at hip and extension at knee
Vastus intermedius
Origin: anterolateral femur and Linea aspera
Insertion: tibiopatellar ligament
Action: extension of knee
Vastus lateralis
Origin: femur and Linea aspera
Insertion: tibiopatellar ligament
Action: extension of knee
Vastus medialis
Origin: entire length of Linea aspera of femur
Insertion: tibiopatellar ligament
Action: extension of knee
Tibialis Anterior
Origin: lateral condyle
Insertion: 1st metatarsal
Action: flexion at ankle.
Gastronemicus
Origin: femoral condyles
Insertion: calcaneus
Action: flex at knee and plantar flexion
Fibularis longus
Origin: lateral tibia and proximal fibula
Insertion: 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Action: reversion of foot and plantar flexion
Soleus
Origin: proximal fibula, posterior medial tibia gastroc.
Insertion: calcaneus/tendon
Action: plantar flexion of ankle
