Muscles Flashcards
Trapezius
Origin: Occiput/cervical spine/thoracic spine
Insertion: Clavicle/scapula/scapula
Innervation: XI cranial nerve, cervical nerves c3 and c4
Action: suspends the shoulder from the skull and the vertebral column.
Upper fibers elevate the scapula
Middle fibers pull the scapula medically
Lower fibers pull the medial border of the scapula downward.
Latissimus Dorsi
O:Spinous Processes of T6-L5/sacrum/iliac crest/lower 4 ribs
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus
A: Adducts/extends and rotates arm medially
Innervation: C6-C8 spinal nerves
Rhomboid Major
O:SP of T2-T5
I: medial border of the scapula
A: adducts scapula so the inferior angle of the scapula moves medially. Holds scapula to trunk
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C-5)
Rhomboid Minor
O: SP C7 and T1
I: root of the spine of the scapula
A: adducts scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapula nerve (C5)
Levator scapulae
O: TVP of C1-C4
I: Medial border of the scapula
A: Bilateral = extend c spine. Unilateral = lateral flexion and rotation of neck, helps elevate scapula
Innervation: C3, C4 and dorsal scapular nerve C5
Serratus posterior superior
O: SP of C7 - T3
I: Upper border of ribs T2 - T5
A: AIDS in respiration by raising ribs
Innervation: Intercostal nerves T2-T5
Serratus Posterior Inferior
O:SP of T11 - L3
I: inferior border ribs T9-T12
A: depresses ribs during expiration
Innervation: Intercostal Nerves T9-T12
Splenius Capitis
O: SP C7-T4
I: Mastoid process on Temporal bone. Occiput
A: Bilateral = extend head. Unilateral: laterally flex and rotate head
Innervation: C4,5,6 (7,8) spinal nerve
Splenius Cervicis
O: SP of T3-T6
I: TVP of C1-C3 (deeper than levator scapulae)
A: Bilateral = extend head. Unilateral = laterally flex and rotate
Innervation: C4,5,6,7,8
Iliocostalis lumborum.
O:SP of lumbar spine
I: lower border of T6-T12 ribs
A: extend vertebral column and maintain normal curvature
Innervation:
Iliocostalis Thoracis
O: Superior surface of lower 6 ribs
I: Upper border of T1-T6
A: extend vertebral column and maintain natural curvature
Iliocostalis Cervicis
O: Superior border of upper 6 ribs
I: TVP of C4,5,6
Longissiumus Thoracis
O: TVP of all lumbar vertebrae
I: TVP thoracic vertebrae, T3-T12
A: Extend vertebral column and maintain natural curvature
Longissiumus Cervicis
O: TVP T1-T4
I: TVP C2-C6
A: Extend vertebral column and maintain natural curvature
Longissiumus Capitis
O: TVPs T1-T4. Articular Pillar C4-C1
I: Posterior Marin of mastoid process
A: Extend vertebral column and maintain natural curvature
Spinalis Thoracis
O: SP of L1,2 and T11,12
I: SP T1-T8
A: Extend vertebral column and maintain natural curvature
Spinal Cervicis
O: SP C6-T2
I: Spinous processes of C2-C4
A: Extend vertebral column and maintain natural curvature
Spinalis Capitis
O: SP of C2-C4
I: Occipital bone
A: Extend vertebral column and maintain curvature
Longus Capitis
O:TVP of C3-C6
I: Basilar part of Occipital bone
A: flexion of neck at C1 (Atlanta-occipital joint)
Innervation: C1-C3/4
Longus Coli
O: TVP C5-T3
I: anterior arch of atlas
A: flexes the head and neck
Innervation: C2-C6
Quadratus Lumborum
O: Iliac crest
I: TVP of lumbar vertebrae. 12th rib
A: Unilateral = laterally flex spine. Bilateral = extend vertebral column
Innervation: L1-L3
Semispinalis Thoracic
O: TVP T6-T10
I: SP C6-T4
A:Rotate spine to Opp side
Semispinalis Cervicis
O: TVP of T1-T6. AP of C4,5,6,7
I: SP of C2 (strong) - C5
A: Rotate spine to opp side
Semispinalis Capitis
O: TVP of T1-T6. AP of C4,5,6,7
I: Occipital bone
A: Rotate spine to opposite side
Multifidus
O:Back of sacrum. TVP of thoracic vertebrae. AP of C4,5,6,7
I: SP of vertebrae above origin
A: Extension (bilateral). Lateral flexion and rotation of spine to opposite side (Unilateral)
Innervation: Posterior Ramus all spinal nerves
Rotatores
O: deep to toes multifidus rising from the TVPs from the sacrum to the cervicals
I:Brevis = lamina of vertebra directly above. Longi = lamina of second vertebra above
A: Rotating vertebral column to opposite side. Helps with proprioception
Innervation: Posterior ramus spinal nerves in the area of the muscle
Interspinalis
O and I: Connecting the tips of one spinous process to the o above in all areas of the spine. These are paired in the cervical region and attached to the bifid spinous processes.
A: extension of the spinal column
Innervation: Posterior Ramus of the spinal nerves in that area
Inter transversals: Intertransversarii
O and I:Between the TVPs of all the spinal vertebrae
A: lateral flexion of the spinal column
Innervation: Posterior Ramus of the Spinal Nerves
Levator Costorum
O: TVPs of C7-T11
I: Superior part of rib below origin
Action: Elevates ribs to help breathe in normal circumstances
Reclusive Capitis posterior major
O: SP of C2
I: occiput
A: extension,lateral flexion, and rotation of the head toward toward the same side.
Innervation: Posterior Ramus of the 1st cranial nerve (suboccipital)
Rictus Capitis posterior minor
O: posterior tubercle of the atlas
I: occipital bone
A: extension and lateral flexion of the head (same side)
Innervation: Posterior ramus of the 1st cervical nerve (Suboccipital)
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
O: SP of C2 (axis)
I: TVP of C1 (atlas)
A: rotates atlas and skull around axis. Turns head towards the same side.
Innervation: Posterior Ramus of 1st cervical nerve
Obliquus Capitis Superior
O: TVP of Atlas
I: Occipital Bone
A: Turns head to the same side
Innervation: 1st cervical nerve
Scalenes
O: TVP of cervical vertebrae
I: 1nd and 2nd ribs
A: Unilateral = laterally flex neck.
Bilateral = flex neck and elevate rib cage
Scalenus Anticus
O: TVP fo C3-C6
I: Scalene tubercle on 1st rib
A: from above = elevates 1st rib in inspiration
From below = anteriorly flexes / rotates c spine to same side
Innervation: Anterior Ramus 5-8th cervical nerves
Scalenus Medius
O: TVP of C1 - C7
I: 1st rib
A: Elevates 1st rib. Flexes and rotates cervical vertebrae to same side
Innervation: Anterior Ramus of C5,6,7 nerves
Scalenus Posterior
O: TVP fo C4-6
I: 2nd rib
A: elevates 2nd rib in inspiration, laterally flexes and rotates cervical spine t same side
Innervation: anterior ramus of C5-C8 cervical nerves.
