Muscles Flashcards
Trapezius-O
Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae from CI to CVII vertebrae, spine of CVII vertebra, spines of all thoracic vertebrae
Trapezius-I
Upper fibers into the lateral third of clavicle, while middle and lower fibers into acromion and spine of scapula, such forming a continuous U-shaped line of attachment oriented in the horizontal plane
Trapezius-N
Spinal part of accessory nerve
motor), C3 and C4 (sensory
Trapezius-A
Powerful elevator of the shoulder (upper fibers); rotates the scapula to extend the reach superiorly (middle fibers); pulls medial border of scapula downward (lower fibers)
Deltoid-O
Lateral third of clavicle,
acromion and spine of scapula,
such mirroring the adjacent Ushaped insertion sites of
trapezius
Deltoid-I
Deltoid tuberosity on the lateral
surface of the shaft of the
humerus
Deltoid-N
Axillary nerve
Deltoid-A
Flexes and medially rotates the arm (anterior part); abducts the arm beyond the initial 15o from the supraspinatus muscle (medial part); extends and laterally rotates the arm (posterior part)
Levator Scapulae -O
Transverse processes of CI to
CIV vertebrae
Levator Scapulae- I
Posterior surface of the medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the smooth triangular area at the root of scapular spine
Levator Scapulae-N
Dorsal scapular nerve, C3 and
C4
Levator Scapulae-A
Elevates the medial border of
the scapula
Rhomboid Minor-O
Lower end of the ligamentum
nuchae and spines of CVII and TI
vertebrae
Rhomboid Minor-I
Posterior surface of the medial
border of the scapula on the
smooth triangular area at the
root of scapular spine
Rhomboid Minor-N
Dorsal scapular nerve, C3 and
C4
Rhomboid Minor-A
Retracts and elevates the
medial border of scapula
Rhomboid Major-O
Spines of TII to TV, intervening
supraspinatus ligaments
Rhomboid Major-I
Posterior surface of the medial
border of the scapula from the
insertion of rhomboid minor to
the inferior angle
Rhomboid Major-N
Dorsal scapular nerve, C3 and
C4
Rhomboid Major-A
Retracts and elevates the
medial border of scapula
Supraspinatus-O
Supraspinous fossa of scapula;
tendon passing under the
acromion and over the
glenohumeral joint
Supraspinatus-I
Greater tuberosity of humerus;
capsule of shoulder joint
Supraspinatus-N
Suprascapular nerve
Supraspinatus-A
Abducts the arm and stabilizes
the shoulder joint
Infraspinatous-O
Infraspinatous fossa; tendon
passing posterior the
glenohumeral joint
Infraspinatous-I
Greater tuberosity of humerus;
capsule of shoulder joint
Infraspinatous-N
Suprascapular nerve
Infraspinatous-A
Laterally rotates the arm and
stabilizes the shoulder joint
Teres Minor-O
Upper two thirds of lateral
border of scapula below the
infraglenoid tuberosity
Teres Minor-I
Inferio facet of greater
tuberosity of humerus; capsule
of shoulder joint
Teres Minor-N
Axillary nerve
Teres Minor-A
Laterally rotates the arm and
stabilizes the shoulder joint
Teres Major-O
Lower third of lateral border of
scapula to the inferior angle
Teres Major-I
Medial lip of the bicipital groove
at the anterior surface of the
humerus
Teres Major-N
Lower subscapular nerve
Teres Major-A
Medially rotates and extends
the arm
Pectoralis Major-O
Clavicular head: medial half of the clavicle; sternocostal head: medial part of the anterior thoracic wall (sternum and upper six costal cartilages)
Pectoralis Major-I
Lateral lip of the bicipital groove
of the humerus
Pectoralis Major-N
Lateral and medial pectoral
nerves
Pectoralis Major-A
Flexes, adducts and medially rotates the arm at the glenohumeral joint; clavicular head flexes the arm from an extended position; sternocostal head extends the arm from a flexed position, particularly against resistance
Pectoralis Minor -O
Anterior surfaces and upper
margins of ribs 3 to 5
Pectoralis Minor -I
Medial and upper aspects of the
coracoid process of scapula
Pectoralis Minor -N
Medial pectoral nerve
Pectoralis Minor -A
Protracts the scapula by pulling
the scapula anteriorly on the
thoracic wall; depresses the
lateral angle of scapula
Subclavius-O
Junction between rib 1 and its
costal cartilage
Subclavius-I
Elongated shallow groove on
the inferior surface of the
middle third of the clavicle
Subclavius-N
Nerve to subclavius from the
superior trunk of the brachial
plexus
Subclavius-A
Pulls the shoulder down by depressing the clavicle; stabilizes the sternoclavicular joint by pulling the clavicle medially
Serratus Anterior-O
Lateral surfaces of ribs 1 and 9
Serratus Anterior-I
Costal surface of the medial
border and inferior angle of the
scapula
Serratus Anterior-N
Long thoracic nerve
Serratus Anterior-A
Pulls the scapula forward over the thoracic wall; facilitates scapular rotation; keeps the costal surface of the scapula closely opposed to the thoracic wall
Latissimus Dorsi-O
Iliac crest, lumbar fascia, spines
of TVII to TXII, lower three to
four ribs, inferior angle of
scapula
Latissimus Dorsi-I
Floor of bicipital groove of
humerus
Latissimus Dorsi-N
Thoracodorsal nerve
Latissimus Dorsi-A
Extends, adducts, and medially
rotates the arm
Subscapularis-O
Subscapular fossa
Subscapularis-I
Lesser tuberosity of the
humerus; tendon crosses
immediately anterior the joint
capsule of glenohumeral joint
Subscapularis-N
Superior and inferior
subscapular nerves
Subscapularis-A
Medially rotates the arm and
stabilizes the shoulder joint
Coracobrachialis-O
Medial side of the midshaft of
the humerus
Coracobrachialis-I
Tip of the coracoid process of
the scapula
Coracobrachialis-N
Musculocutaneous nerve
Coracobrachialis-A
Flexes and weakly adducts the
arm
Biceps Brachii-O
Short head: coracoid process of the scapula; long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula with tendon passing through the glenohumeral joint superior to humeral head, then through the bicipital groove as it enters the arm
Biceps Brachii-I
Long and short head converge over the brachialis muscle and inserts to the radial tuberosity of the radius and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia of forearm
Biceps Brachii-N
Musculocutaneous nerve
Biceps Brachii-A
Supinates the forearm when the elbow is flexed; flexes the forearm at the elbow joints; weakly flexes the glenohumeral joint
Brachialis -O
Distal half of the anterior aspect
of the humerus
Brachialis -I
Flattened dorsoventrally and
inserts to the tuberosity of the
ulna
Brachialis -N
Predominant medial part:
musculocutaneous nerve; small
lateral part: radial nerve
Brachialis -A
Flexes the forearm at the elbow
joint
Triceps Brachii-O
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; medial head: extensive area on the shaft of the humerus inferior to the radial groove; lateral head: linear roughening superior to the radial groove of the humerus
Triceps Brachii-I
Three heads converge and
inserts on the superior surface
of the olecranon of the ulna
Triceps Brachii-N
Radial nerve
Triceps Brachii-A
Extends the forearm
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-O
Humeral head: medial epicondyle of the humerus, ulnar head: medial aspect of the olecranon and posterior border of the ulna
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-I
Pisiform bone, hook of the
hamate, base at metacarpal 5
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-N
Ulnar nerve
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-A
Flexes and adducts the hand at
the wrist joint
Palmaris longus-O
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Palmaris longus-I
Flexor retinaculum and palmar
aponeurosis
Palmaris longus-N
Median nerve
Palmaris longus-A
Flexes the hand at the wrist
joint; opposes shearing forces
on the skin of the palm during
gripping
Flexor Carpi Radialis-O
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Flexor Carpi Radialis-I
Anterior surfaces of the bases of
metacarpals 2 and 3
Flexor Carpi Radialis-N
Median nerve
Flexor Carpi Radialis-A
Flexes and abducts the hand at
the wrist joint
Pronator Teres-O
Humeral head: medial
epicondyle of the humerus,
ulnar head: medial border of
the coronoid process
Pronator Teres-I
Lateral aspect of the midshaft of
the radius
Pronator Teres-N
Median nerve
Pronator Teres-A
Forms the medial border of the
cubital fossa; rotates the radius
over the ulna during pronation
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-O
Humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of the humerus and medial edge of the coronoid process of the ulna; radial head: anterior oblique line of the radius
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-I
Tendons split into two near the base of proximal phalanx passing dorsally around the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus, and ultimately inserts to the margins of the middle phalanx
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-N
Median nerve
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-A
Flexes the middle phalanx at the metacarpophalangeal joints; assists in flexing the phalanx at the proximal interphalangeal joints and the hand at the wrist joint
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Anteromedial surface of the
shaft of the ulna and adjacent
half of the anterior surface of
the inreosseous membrane
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Tendons pass through the split formed by the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and distally inserts to the anterior surface of the distal phalanges of the medial four fingers
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Medial half: ulnar nerve; lateral
half: anterior interosseous
nerve from the median nerve
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Flexes the distal phalanx at the distal interphalangeal joints; assists in flexing the middle and proximal phalanges at the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints and the hand at the wrist joint
Flexor Pollicis Longus-O
Anterior surface of the shaft of
the radius and adjacent half of
the anterior surface of the
inreosseous membrane
Flexor Pollicis Longus-I
Base of the distal phalanx of the
thumb
Flexor Pollicis Longus-N
Anterior interosseous nerve
from the median nerve
Flexor Pollicis Longus-A
Flexes the thumb
Pronator Quadratus-O
Linear ridge at the anterior
surface of the lower end of the
ulna
Pronator Quadratus-I
Flat anterior surface of the
radius
Pronator Quadratus-N
Anterior interosseous nerve
from the median nerve
Pronator Quadratus-A
Pulls the distal end of the radius
anteriorly over the ulna during
pronation
Brachioradialis-O
Proximal part of the lateral
supraepicondylar ridge of the
humerus
Brachioradialis-I
Lateral side of the distal end of
the radius immediately proximal
to the styloid process of the
radius
Brachioradialis-N
Radial nerve
Brachioradialis-A
Flexes the forearm at the elbow
joint; rotates the forearm to the
midprone position
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-O
Distal part of the lateral
supraepicondylar ridge and
lateral epicondyle of the
humerus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-I
Dorsal surface of the base of
metacarpal 2
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-N
Radial nerve
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-A
Extends and abducts the hand
at the wrist joint
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -O
Lateral epicondyle of the
humerus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -I
Adjacent dorsal surfaces of the
bases of metacarpals 2 and 3
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -A
Extends and abducts the hand
at the wrist joint
Extensor Digitorum-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
humerus
Extensor Digitorum-I
Base of the dorsal surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges via a triangular connective tissue aponeurosis (extensor hood)
Extensor Digitorum-N
Posterior interosseous nerve
from the deep branch of the
radial nerve
Extensor Digitorum-A
Extends the phalanges and
hands
Extensor Digiti Minimi-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
humerus
Extensor Digiti Minimi-I
Extensor expansion of the little
finger
Extensor Digiti Minimi-N
Posterior interosseous nerve
from the deep branch of the
radial nerve
Extensor Digiti Minimi-A
Extends the little finger at the
metacarpophalangeal joint
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
humerus
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-I
Medial side of the base of
metacarpal 5
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-N
Posterior interosseous nerve
from the deep branch of the
radial nerve
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-A
Extends and abducts the hand
at the wrist joint
Anconeus-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
humerus
Anconeus-I
Posterolateral surface of
olecranon and posterior surface
of the ulna
Anconeus-N
Radial nerve
Anconeus-A
Abducts the ulna during
pronation; accessory extensor
muscle of the elbow joint
Supinator-O
Humeral (superficial) head: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and annular ligament of proximal radioulnar joint; ulnar (deep) head: supinator crest at the posterolateral surface of the ulna
Supinator-I
Neck and shaft of the radius
Supinator-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
Supinator-A
Supinates the forearm and
hands
Abductor Pollicis Longus-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the radius and interosseous
membrane
Abductor Pollicis Longus-I
Lateral side of the base of
metacarpal 1
Abductor Pollicis Longus-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
Abductor Pollicis Longus-A
Abducts and extends the thumb
at the joint between trapezium
and metacarpal 1
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the radius and interosseous
membrane
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-I
Dorsal surface of the proximal
phalanx of the thumb
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-A
Extends the
metacarpophalangeal joints of
the thumb
Extensor Pollicis Longus-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the ulna and interosseous
membrane
Extensor Pollicis Longus-I
Dorsal surface of the distal
phalanx of the thumb
Extensor Pollicis Longus-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
Extensor Pollicis Longus-A
Extends all the joints in the
thumb
Extensor Indicis-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the ulna and interosseous
membrane
Extensor Indicis-I
Extensor expansion of the index
finger, through the extensor
hood
Extensor Indicis-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
Extensor Indicis-A
Extends the
metacarpophalangeal joints of
the index finger
Palmaris Brevis-O
Flexor retinaculum, palmar
aponeurosis
Palmaris Brevis-I
Skin of palm
Palmaris Brevis-N
Superficial branch of ulnar
nerve
Palmaris Brevis-A
Corrugates skin to improve grip
of palm
Lumbricals (4)-O
Tendons of flexor digitorum
profundus
Lumbricals (4)-I
Extensor expansion of the
medial four fingers
Lumbricals (4)-N
Lateral two: median nerve;
medial two: deep branch of
ulnar nerve
Lumbricals (4)-A
Flex the MCP joints and extend
IP joints of the fingers except
the thumb
Palmar Interossei (4)-O
First arises from the base of
metacarpal 1; remaining three
from the anterior surface of the
shafts of metacarpals 2, 4 and 5
Palmar Interossei (4)-I
Proximal phalanges of the
thumb and index, ring and little
fingers and dorsal extensor
expansion of each fingers
Palmar Interossei (4)-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Palmar Interossei (4)-A
Adducts fingers toward the
center of middle finger;
complex flexion and extension
of digits
Dorsal Interossei (4)-O
Contiguous sides of the shafts of
metacarpals
Dorsal Interossei (4)-I
Proximal phalanges of index,
middle and ring fingers and
dorsal extensor expansion
Dorsal Interossei (4)-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Dorsal Interossei (4)-A
Abducts fingers from the center
of middle finger; flexion of MCP
joints; extension of IP joints
Adductor Pollicis-O
Transverse head: anterior aspect of the shaft of metacarpal 3; oblique head: capitate and bases of metacarpal 2 and 3
Adductor Pollicis-I
Medial side of the base of
proximal phalanx of the thumb
Adductor Pollicis-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Adductor Pollicis-A
Adducts the thumb; opposes
the thumb to the rest of the
fingers when gripping
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-O
Flexor retinaculum and tubercle
of trapezium
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-I
Lateral side of the base of the
proximal phalanx of the thumb
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-N
Median nerve
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-A
Flexes the thumb
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-O
Flexor retinaculum and
tubercles of trapezium and
scaphoid
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-I
Lateral side of the base of the
proximal phalanx of the thumb
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-N
Median nerve
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-A
Abducts the thumb
Opponens Pollicis-O
Flexor retinaculum and tubercle
of trapezium
Opponens Pollicis-I
Shaft of metacarpal 1
Opponens Pollicis-N
Median nerve
Opponens Pollicis-A
Rotates and flexes metacarpal 1
on the trapezium to pull the
thumb medially and forward
across the palm
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -O
Flexor retinaculum and hook of
hamate
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -I
Lateral side of the base of the
proximal phalanx of the little
finger
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -A
Flexes the little finger
Abductor Digiti Minimi-O
Pisiform bone, pisohamate
ligament and tendon of flexor
carpi ulnaris
Abductor Digiti Minimi-I
Medial side of the base of the
proximal phalanx of the little
finger
Abductor Digiti Minimi-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Abductor Digiti Minimi-A
Abducts the little finger
Opponens Digiti Minimi -O
Flexor retinaculum and hook of
hamate
Opponens Digiti Minimi -I
Medial margin and palmar
surface of metacarpal 5
Opponens Digiti Minimi -N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Opponens Digiti Minimi -A
Rotates metacarpal 5 towards
the palm