muscles Flashcards
1
Q
elbow and wrist extensors located on what side (posterior or anterior?)
A
On posterior side
triceps, extensor digitorum
2
Q
elbow and wrist flexors located on what side?
A
anterior side (biceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis)
3
Q
lower limb flexor muscle on what side of the limb?
A
posterior side (hamstring for the knee, gastrocnemius)
4
Q
lower limb extensor muscles located
A
anterior side (quadriceps femurs for the knee, tibalis anterior (digital extensor and dorsiflexor))
5
Q
What flexes the hip?
A
the anterior compartment
6
Q
what extends the hip?
A
the posterior compartment
7
Q
muscles of facial expression innervated by?
A
cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve
8
Q
function of orbiculares oculi
A
closes eyes, produces blinking, squinting, draw eyebrows inferiorly
9
Q
orbicularis oris
A
closes lips, pursing and protrudes lips, kissing
10
Q
corrugated supercilli
A
draw eyebrows medially and inferiorly
11
Q
muscles of mastication innervated by
A
trigenminal nerve, mandibular division
cranial nerve 5
12
Q
prime movers of the jaw
A
masseter and temporalis
13
Q
pterygoid
A
side to side grinding movements of the jaw
14
Q
what aids in lowering the jaw?
A
mylohyoid and digastric
15
Q
extrinsic tongue muscles do
A
genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus
16
Q
Tonge muscles innervated by
A
hypoglossal nerve
XII
17
Q
genioglossus
A
protracts tonge
18
Q
hyoglossus
A
depresses the tonge
19
Q
styloglossus
A
retracts and elevates tonge
20
Q
suprahyoid
A
digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, mylohyoid
21
Q
infrahyoid
A
sternohyoid
sternothryoid
thryohyoid
omohyoid
22
Q
pharyngeal constrictors innervated by
A
vagus nerve 10
23
Q
action of sternocleidomastoid
A
flexes and laterally rotates the head
neck flexion
acting alone each muscle rotates the head toward the opposite shoulder
24
Q
sternocleidomastoid origin
A
manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle
25
sternocleidomastoid insertion
mastoid of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
26
innervation of sternocleidomastoid
```
accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
cervical spinal nerves C2 and C3 (ventral rami)
```
27
action of scalenes
elevate first two ribs, aid inspiration, flex and rotate neck
28
intrinsic muscle of the back
erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)
splenius
quadratus lumborum
29
splenius
extend the head
| when splenius muscle on one side are active head is rotated and bent laterally toward the same side
30
innervation of erector spinae
spinal nerves dorsal rami
31
function of iliocostalis
extend and laterally flex the vertebral column
maintain erect posture
bend vertebral column to same side
32
longissimus
extend and laterally flex vertebral column
capitis extends and rotates the head toward the same side
bend vertebral column to same side
33
spinalis
extends vertebral column
34
quadratus lumborum
flexes vertebral column laterally
35
what muscles are active in forced expiration
internal intercostals, abdominal wall muscles
36
forced inspiration
scalene and sternocleidomastoid
| external intercostals
37
external intercostals
pull ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage
| forced inhalation
38
intercostals innervated by
intercostal nerves
39
diaphragm is pierced by
the aorta, IVC, esophagus
40
diaphragm innervated by
phrenic nerve
41
muscles of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall
external oblique , internal oblique, transverses abdomens, rectus abdominaux
42
external oblique
flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall
| aid muscle of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion
43
internal oblique
flex vertebral column
44
innervation of the muscles of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall
intercostal nerves
45
transversus abdominis
compresses abdominal contents, strictly horizontal fascicles
46
rectus abdominis
flex and state lumbar region of vertebral column
47
pelvic floor muscles
levator ani and coccygeus
48
pelvic floor muscles innervated by?
sacral nerves
49
muscle of urogenital diaphragm and superficial perineal space innervated by
the pudendal nerve
50
posterior muscles of the thorax
trapezius, latissimus dorsi , levato scapulae, rhomboids
51
anterior muscles of the thorax
pectorals major and minor, serrates anterior, subcalvius
52
two muscle which insert on the humerus
pectorals major and latissimus dorsi
53
serrates anterior
rotates scapula upward
prime mover to protract and hold the scapula against the chest wall
protraction and abduction
pushing punching
54
posterior muscle of the thorax innervated by
cervical nerves
55
trapezius
stabilizes, elevates, retract, and rotates scapula
adduct (retracts scapula)
moves the scapula medially and posteriorly, elevates and depresses scapula
56
lifting arms above the head is done how
serrates anterior swings the inferior angle laterally
| while the superior part of the trapezius , gripping the scapular spine, pulls the superior edge of the scapula medially
57
prime movers of the shoulder
pectorals major, deltoid, latissimus dorsi
58
innervation of the prime movers of the shoulder
cervical nerves
59
muscles of the rotator cuff
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor
60
pectorals major
prime mover or arm flexion
rotates medially
adducts arm with scapula
61
deltoid
prime mover of arm abduction
62
latissimus dorsi
prime mover of arm extension adduction, medial rotation of arm
63
trees major
extends, medially rotates, adducts the arm
64
subscapularis
medially rotates arm along with the pectoralis major
65
supraspinatus
initiates abduction of the arm
66
infraspinatus
laterally rotates arm
67
coracobrachialis
flexion and adduction of arm
68
what controls forearm extension
triceps brachii
69
what is the triceps brachii innervated by
radial nerve
70
anterior flexors of the arm
brachial , biceps brachii, brachioradialis
71
anterior flexors of the arm innervated by
musculcutaneous nerve
72
anterior flexors in the forearm (which flex the hand) innrervated by
median or ulnar nerve
73
biceps brachii
flexes and supinates forearm rotates the radius at the proximal radioulnar joint
74
brachialis
flexes forearm
75
anterior flexor compartment of the forearm
part of the wrist- also handles pronation
76
posterior extensors of forearm also
hand supination
77
posterior extensors of the forearm innervated
radial nerve
78
pronator teres
pronates forearm
79
location of pronator teres
superficial anterior
80
supinator
assists biceps brachii to forcibly supinate forearm
81
where is the supinator located
posterior forearm
82
adductor pollicis
adducts and helps to oppose the thumb
83
adductor policies innervated by
ulnar nerve C8 and T1
84
illiopsoas is a broad name for what two muscles
iliacus and psoas
85
iliacus
prime mover in thigh flexion and in flexing the trunk (as in bowing)
86
ilacus innervation
femoral nerve
87
psoas major
prime mover in thigh flexion
| lateral flexion of vertebral column
88
sartorius
flexes, adducts, and laterally rotates thigh
89
anterior compartment of the thigh
these muscle flex the hip and extend the knee
sartorius
quadriceps femori
90
innervation for anterior compartment of the muscles
femoral nerve
91
rectus femoris
extend the knee, flexes the thigh
92
vastus laterlais
extends leg stabilizes knee
93
vastus medialis
extends the leg and stabilizes the patella
94
vastus intermedius
extends leg
95
medial compartment of thigh
adducts the thigh
96
adductor brevis
adducts and medially rotates thigh
| obturator nerve
97
adductor Magnus
adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh
| obturator and sciatic nerve
98
adductor longus
adducts , flexes and medially rotates thigh
| obturator nerve
99
gluteal maximus
major extensor of thigh
100
gluteus medius
adducts and medially rotates thigh
101
gluteus minimus
abducts and medially rotates thigh
102
hamstring muscle
biceps femoris
smitendinosus
semimembranosus
all extend thigh and flex leg
103
piriformis
rotates extended thigh laterally
104
anterior compartment of leg
tibialis anterior
105
anterior compartment of leg innervated by
deep fibular nerve (tibias anterior)
106
tibialis anterior
prime mover of dorsiflexion
107
fibulas longus
plantar flexes and everts foot
| part of the lateral compartment
108
lateral compartment of the leg innervated by
superficial fibular nerve
109
gastrocnemius and soles
plantar flex foot
| together names the triceps surae
110
posterior compartments of the leg
innervation is the tibial nerve
| digital and plantar flexors
111
anterior compartment innervation of the leg
deep fibular nerve
| digital extensors and dorsiflexors
112
innervation of the lateral compartment of the leg
superficial fibular nerve
