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anatomy muscles > muscles > Flashcards

muscles Flashcards

1
Q

elbow and wrist extensors located on what side (posterior or anterior?)

A

On posterior side

triceps, extensor digitorum

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2
Q

elbow and wrist flexors located on what side?

A

anterior side (biceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis)

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3
Q

lower limb flexor muscle on what side of the limb?

A

posterior side (hamstring for the knee, gastrocnemius)

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4
Q

lower limb extensor muscles located

A

anterior side (quadriceps femurs for the knee, tibalis anterior (digital extensor and dorsiflexor))

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5
Q

What flexes the hip?

A

the anterior compartment

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6
Q

what extends the hip?

A

the posterior compartment

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7
Q

muscles of facial expression innervated by?

A

cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve

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8
Q

function of orbiculares oculi

A

closes eyes, produces blinking, squinting, draw eyebrows inferiorly

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9
Q

orbicularis oris

A

closes lips, pursing and protrudes lips, kissing

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10
Q

corrugated supercilli

A

draw eyebrows medially and inferiorly

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11
Q

muscles of mastication innervated by

A

trigenminal nerve, mandibular division

cranial nerve 5

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12
Q

prime movers of the jaw

A

masseter and temporalis

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13
Q

pterygoid

A

side to side grinding movements of the jaw

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14
Q

what aids in lowering the jaw?

A

mylohyoid and digastric

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15
Q

extrinsic tongue muscles do

A

genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus

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16
Q

Tonge muscles innervated by

A

hypoglossal nerve

XII

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17
Q

genioglossus

A

protracts tonge

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18
Q

hyoglossus

A

depresses the tonge

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19
Q

styloglossus

A

retracts and elevates tonge

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20
Q

suprahyoid

A

digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, mylohyoid

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21
Q

infrahyoid

A

sternohyoid
sternothryoid
thryohyoid
omohyoid

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22
Q

pharyngeal constrictors innervated by

A

vagus nerve 10

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23
Q

action of sternocleidomastoid

A

flexes and laterally rotates the head
neck flexion
acting alone each muscle rotates the head toward the opposite shoulder

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24
Q

sternocleidomastoid origin

A

manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle

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25
Q

sternocleidomastoid insertion

A

mastoid of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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26
Q

innervation of sternocleidomastoid

A 
accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
cervical spinal nerves C2 and C3 (ventral rami)
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27
Q

action of scalenes

A

elevate first two ribs, aid inspiration, flex and rotate neck

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28
Q

intrinsic muscle of the back

A

erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)
splenius
quadratus lumborum

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29
Q

splenius

A

extend the head

when splenius muscle on one side are active head is rotated and bent laterally toward the same side

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30
Q

innervation of erector spinae

A

spinal nerves dorsal rami

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31
Q

function of iliocostalis

A

extend and laterally flex the vertebral column
maintain erect posture
bend vertebral column to same side

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32
Q

longissimus

A

extend and laterally flex vertebral column
capitis extends and rotates the head toward the same side
bend vertebral column to same side

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33
Q

spinalis

A

extends vertebral column

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34
Q

quadratus lumborum

A

flexes vertebral column laterally

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35
Q

what muscles are active in forced expiration

A

internal intercostals, abdominal wall muscles

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36
Q

forced inspiration

A

scalene and sternocleidomastoid

external intercostals

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37
Q

external intercostals

A

pull ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage

forced inhalation

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38
Q

intercostals innervated by

A

intercostal nerves

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39
Q

diaphragm is pierced by

A

the aorta, IVC, esophagus

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40
Q

diaphragm innervated by

A

phrenic nerve

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41
Q

muscles of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall

A

external oblique , internal oblique, transverses abdomens, rectus abdominaux

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42
Q

external oblique

A

flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall

aid muscle of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion

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43
Q

internal oblique

A

flex vertebral column

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44
Q

innervation of the muscles of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall

A

intercostal nerves

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45
Q

transversus abdominis

A

compresses abdominal contents, strictly horizontal fascicles

46
Q

rectus abdominis

A

flex and state lumbar region of vertebral column

47
Q

pelvic floor muscles

A

levator ani and coccygeus

48
Q

pelvic floor muscles innervated by?

A

sacral nerves

49
Q

muscle of urogenital diaphragm and superficial perineal space innervated by

A

the pudendal nerve

50
Q

posterior muscles of the thorax

A

trapezius, latissimus dorsi , levato scapulae, rhomboids

51
Q

anterior muscles of the thorax

A

pectorals major and minor, serrates anterior, subcalvius

52
Q

two muscle which insert on the humerus

A

pectorals major and latissimus dorsi

53
Q

serrates anterior

A

rotates scapula upward
prime mover to protract and hold the scapula against the chest wall
protraction and abduction
pushing punching

54
Q

posterior muscle of the thorax innervated by

A

cervical nerves

55
Q

trapezius

A

stabilizes, elevates, retract, and rotates scapula
adduct (retracts scapula)
moves the scapula medially and posteriorly, elevates and depresses scapula

56
Q

lifting arms above the head is done how

A

serrates anterior swings the inferior angle laterally

while the superior part of the trapezius , gripping the scapular spine, pulls the superior edge of the scapula medially

57
Q

prime movers of the shoulder

A

pectorals major, deltoid, latissimus dorsi

58
Q

innervation of the prime movers of the shoulder

A

cervical nerves

59
Q

muscles of the rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor

60
Q

pectorals major

A

prime mover or arm flexion
rotates medially
adducts arm with scapula

61
Q

deltoid

A

prime mover of arm abduction

62
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

prime mover of arm extension adduction, medial rotation of arm

63
Q

trees major

A

extends, medially rotates, adducts the arm

64
Q

subscapularis

A

medially rotates arm along with the pectoralis major

65
Q

supraspinatus

A

initiates abduction of the arm

66
Q

infraspinatus

A

laterally rotates arm

67
Q

coracobrachialis

A

flexion and adduction of arm

68
Q

what controls forearm extension

A

triceps brachii

69
Q

what is the triceps brachii innervated by

A

radial nerve

70
Q

anterior flexors of the arm

A

brachial , biceps brachii, brachioradialis

71
Q

anterior flexors of the arm innervated by

A

musculcutaneous nerve

72
Q

anterior flexors in the forearm (which flex the hand) innrervated by

A

median or ulnar nerve

73
Q

biceps brachii

A

flexes and supinates forearm rotates the radius at the proximal radioulnar joint

74
Q

brachialis

A

flexes forearm

75
Q

anterior flexor compartment of the forearm

A

part of the wrist- also handles pronation

76
Q

posterior extensors of forearm also

A

hand supination

77
Q

posterior extensors of the forearm innervated

A

radial nerve

78
Q

pronator teres

A

pronates forearm

79
Q

location of pronator teres

A

superficial anterior

80
Q

supinator

A

assists biceps brachii to forcibly supinate forearm

81
Q

where is the supinator located

A

posterior forearm

82
Q

adductor pollicis

A

adducts and helps to oppose the thumb

83
Q

adductor policies innervated by

A

ulnar nerve C8 and T1

84
Q

illiopsoas is a broad name for what two muscles

A

iliacus and psoas

85
Q

iliacus

A

prime mover in thigh flexion and in flexing the trunk (as in bowing)

86
Q

ilacus innervation

A

femoral nerve

87
Q

psoas major

A

prime mover in thigh flexion

lateral flexion of vertebral column

88
Q

sartorius

A

flexes, adducts, and laterally rotates thigh

89
Q

anterior compartment of the thigh

A

these muscle flex the hip and extend the knee
sartorius
quadriceps femori

90
Q

innervation for anterior compartment of the muscles

A

femoral nerve

91
Q

rectus femoris

A

extend the knee, flexes the thigh

92
Q

vastus laterlais

A

extends leg stabilizes knee

93
Q

vastus medialis

A

extends the leg and stabilizes the patella

94
Q

vastus intermedius

A

extends leg

95
Q

medial compartment of thigh

A

adducts the thigh

96
Q

adductor brevis

A

adducts and medially rotates thigh

obturator nerve

97
Q

adductor Magnus

A

adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh

obturator and sciatic nerve

98
Q

adductor longus

A

adducts , flexes and medially rotates thigh

obturator nerve

99
Q

gluteal maximus

A

major extensor of thigh

100
Q

gluteus medius

A

adducts and medially rotates thigh

101
Q

gluteus minimus

A

abducts and medially rotates thigh

102
Q

hamstring muscle

A

biceps femoris
smitendinosus
semimembranosus

all extend thigh and flex leg

103
Q

piriformis

A

rotates extended thigh laterally

104
Q

anterior compartment of leg

A

tibialis anterior

105
Q

anterior compartment of leg innervated by

A

deep fibular nerve (tibias anterior)

106
Q

tibialis anterior

A

prime mover of dorsiflexion

107
Q

fibulas longus

A

plantar flexes and everts foot

part of the lateral compartment

108
Q

lateral compartment of the leg innervated by

A

superficial fibular nerve

109
Q

gastrocnemius and soles

A

plantar flex foot

together names the triceps surae

110
Q

posterior compartments of the leg

A

innervation is the tibial nerve

digital and plantar flexors

111
Q

anterior compartment innervation of the leg

A

deep fibular nerve

digital extensors and dorsiflexors

112
Q

innervation of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

superficial fibular nerve

anatomy muscles (1 decks)

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