Muscles

Question 1

Trapezius (middle division)

Answer 1

Origin: spinous process of 1st-5th thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: superior border of scapular spine
Action: elevates scapula

Question 2

Trapezius (upper division)?

Answer 2

Origin: externam occipital protuberance
Insertion: lateral 1/3 of clavicle and acromion process
Action: elevates scapula and rotates it upwards

Question 3

Trapezius (lower division)?

Answer 3

Origin: spinous process of 6th-12th thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: medial 1/3 of scapular spine
Action: depresses scapula

Question 4

Deltoid (anterior division)?

Answer 4

Origin: distal end of later 1/3 of the clavicle
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: abduction, horizontal flexion, and medial rotation at the shoulder

Question 5

Deltoid (middle division)?

Answer 5

Origin: superior surface of acromion process
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: abduction

Question 6

Deltoid (posterior division)?

Answer 6

Origin: inferior scapular spine
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: abduction, horizontal extension, and lateral rotation

Question 7

Pectoralis Major (sternal division)

Answer 7

Origin: sternum to 7th rib
Insertion: crest of greater tubercle
Action: flexion, adduction, medial rotation

Question 8

Pectoralis Major (clavicular division)

Answer 8

Origin: anterior surface of the medial 1/2 of the clavicle
Insertion: intertubercular sulcus/crest of greater tubercule
Action: flexion, adduction, medial rotation

Question 9

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 9

Origin: lower vertebrae, crest of illium (posterior), posterior surface of sacrum, lower ribs, inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: intertubercular sulcus
Action: extends, retracts, and medially rotates humerus at shoulder

Question 10

Teres Major

Answer 10

Origin: inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion: sulcus of humerus
Action: adducts and medially rotates humerus at shoulder

Question 11

Subscapularis

Answer 11

Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercule of humerus
Action: medial rotation

Question 12

Infraspinatus

Answer 12

Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercule (posterior)
Action: lateral rotation

Question 13

Supraspinatus

Answer 13

Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercule (superior)
Action: abduction

Question 14

Tricep Brachii

Answer 14

Origin:
Long head : infraglenoid tubercule of scapula
Lateral head: superior posterior humerus
Medial head: inferior posterior humerus
Insertion: olecranon fossa
Action: extends forearm at elbow

Question 15

Biceps Brachii

Answer 15

Origin:
Long head: supraglenoid tubercule of scapula
Short head: apex of coracoid process of the scapula
Insertion: radial tuberosity
Action: flexes and supinates forearm at elbow

Question 16

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 16

Origin:
Sternal head: anterior manubrium
clavicular head: superior medial clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Action: rotates head, flexes head

Question 17

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 17

Origin: illium, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: gluteral tuberosity of femur
Action: extends thigh at hip, laterally rotates thigh

Question 18

Gluteus Medius

Answer 18

Origin: illiac crest
Insertion: greater trochanter lateral
Action: abducts femur at hip and rotates it medially, possible lateral rotation

Question 19

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 19

Origin: outer surface of illium
Insertion: anterior border of greater trochanter
Action: abducts femur at hip and rotates it medially, hip flexion

Question 20

Sartorius

Answer 20

Origin: anterior superior illiac spine
Insertion: shaft of tibia below condyle
Action: flexion, lateral rotation, and abduction

Question 21

Gracilis

Answer 21

Origin: symphysis pubis and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: shaft of tibia below condyle
Action: abducts and medially rotates thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg

Question 22

Biceps Femoris (lateral hamstring)

Answer 22

Origin:
Long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: Lateral side of head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
Action: flexion and lateral rotation of leg at the knee

Question 23

Semitendinosus (medial hamstring)

Answer 23

Origin: ishcial tuberosity
Insertion: anterior and medial shaft of tibia below condyle
Action: flexes and medially rotates leg and knee

Question 24

Semimembranosus (medial hamstring)

Answer 24

Origin: upper and lateral ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
Action: flexes and medially rotates leg at knee

Question 25

Rectus Femoris

Answer 25

Origin:
Straight head: anterior inferior illiac spine
Reflected head: acetabulum
Insertion: upper border of patella into tibial tuberosity
Action: extension of leg at knee, flexion of thigh at hip

Question 26

Vastus Lateralis

Answer 26

Origin: greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, upper half of linea aspera
Insertion: lateral border of the patela into tibial tuberosity
Action: extends leg at knee, draws patella laterally

Question 27

Vastus Medialis

Answer 27

Origin: linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
insertion: medial border of patella into tibial tuberosity
Action: extends leg at knee, draws patella medially

Question 28

Vastus Intermedius

Answer 28

Origin: femur, linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line
Insertion: superior border of patella into tibial tuberosity
Action: extends leg at knee

Question 29

Gastrocnemius

Answer 29

Origin:
Lateral head: lateral condyle and posterior femur
Medial head: medial condyle and adjacent part of femur
Insertion: posterior calcaneus
Action: plantar flexion and inversion of the foot

Question 30

Soleus

Answer 30

Origin: tendinous arch between tibia and fibula
Insertion: calcaneus
Action: plantar flexion and inversion of the foot at ankle