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zESA2 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Origins:
Clavicular head- anterior surface of the medial clavicle
Sternocostal head- anterior surface of the sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle

Attachments:
Distal attachment of both heads is into the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Innervation:
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

Function:
Adducts upper limb
Medially rotates upper limb
Clavicular head acts individually to flex the upper limb

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2
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Origin:
3rd-5th ribs

Insertion:
Coracoid process of scapula

Function:
Stabilises scapula by drawing it anteroinferiorly against the thoracic wall

Innervation:
Medial pectoral nerve

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3
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Origin:
Lateral aspects of ribs 1-8

Attachment:
Costal surface of the medial border of the scapula

Function:
Rotates the scapula
Abduction above 90 degrees
Holds scapula against the rib cage

Innervation:
Long thoracic nerve

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4
Q

Subclavius

A

Origin:
Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

Insertion:
Inferior surface of the middle third of the clavicle

Function:
Anchors and depresses clavicle
Provides some protection of neurovascular structures beneath it

Innervation:
Nerve to subclavius

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5
Q

What are the muscles of the pectoral region?

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Subclavius

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6
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin:
Scapula
Clavicle

Attachment:
Deltoid tuberosity on lateral surface of humerus

Innervation:
Axillary nerve

Actions:
Anterior fibres flex the arm at the shoulder
Posterior fibres extend the arm at the shoulder
Middle fibres are the major abductor of the arm, 15-90 degrees

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7
Q

Teres major

A

Origin:
Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

Attachment:
Intertubercular groove of humerus

Innervation:
Lower subscapular nerve

Actions:
Adducts at the shoulder
Medially rotates shoulder

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8
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Origin:
Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Attachment:
Greater tubercle of humerus

Innervation:
Suprascapular nerve

Actions:
Abducts the arm 0-15 degrees
Assists deltoid for 15-90 degrees

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9
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin:
Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Attachment:
Greater tubercle of humerus

Innervation:
Suprascapular nerve

Actions:
Laterally rotates arm

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10
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin:
Subscapular fossa on costal surface of scapula

Attachment:
Lesser tubercle of humerus

Innervation:
Upper and lower subscapular nerves

Actions:
Medially rotates arm

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11
Q

Teres minor

A

Origin:
Posterior surface of scapula adjacent to its lateral border

Attachment:
Greater tubercle of humerus

Innervation:
Axillary nerve

Actions:
Laterally rotates the arm

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12
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A 
Deltoid
Teres major
Supraspinatus 
Infraspinatus 
Subscapularis
Teres minor
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13
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

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14
Q

Trapezius

A

Origins:
Skull, nuchal ligament (ligament on neck) and spinous processes of C7-C112

Attachments:
Clavicle
Acromion
Scapula spine

Innervation:
Motor innervation- accessory nerve
Sensory innervation- C3 and C4 spinal nerves

Actions:
Upper fibres elevate the scapula and rotate it during abduction of the arm
Middle fibres retract the scapula
Lower fibres pull the scapula inferiorly

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15
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A 
Origins:
Spinous processes of T6-T12
Iliac crest 
Thoracolumbar fascia
Inferior three ribs

Attachment:
Fibres converge into a tendon that attaches to the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Innervation:
Thoracodorsal nerve

Actions:
Extension of upper limb
Adduction of upper limb
Medial rotation of upper limb

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16
Q

What are the superficial extrinsic muscles of the shoulder region?

A

Trapezius

Latissimus dorsi

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17
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Origin:
Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae

Attachment:
Medial border of the scapula

Innervation:
Dorsal scapular nerve

Actions:
Elevates the scapula

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18
Q

Rhomboid major

A

Origin:
Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae

Attachment:
Medial border of scapula between scapula spine and inferior angle

Innervation:
Dorsal scapula nerve

Actions:
Retracts and rotates the scapula

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19
Q

Rhomboid minor

A

Origin:
Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae

Attachment:
Medial border of the scapula at the level of the spine of scapula

Innervation:
Dorsal scapula nerve

Actions:
Retracts and rotates the scapula

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20
Q

What are the deep extrinsic muscles of the shoulder region?

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major

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21
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin:
Long head originates from supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head originates from coracoid process of scapula

Insertions:
Both heads insert dismally into the radial tuberosity and the fascia of the forearm via the bicipital aponeurosis

Innervation:
Musculocutaneous nerve

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22
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin:
Coracoid process of the scapula

Attachment:
Medial side of the humeral shaft at the level of the deltoid tuberosity

Function:
Flexion of the arm at the shoulder, weak adduction

Innervation:
Musculocutaneous nerve

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23
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin:
Medial and lateral surfaces of the humeral shaft

Insertion:
Ulna tuberosity distal to the elbow joint

Function:
Flexion at the elbow

Innervation:
Musculocutaneous nerve with contributions from the radial nerve

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24
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Origin:
Long head originates from the infra glenoid tubercle
Lateral head originates from the humerus superior to the radial groove
Medial head originates from the humerus inferior to the radial groove

Attachment:
Heads converge onto one tendon and insert at the olecranon of the ulna

Function:
Extension of the arm at the elbow

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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25
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm?

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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26
Q

What is the muscle in the posterior compartment of the upper arm?

A

Triceps brachii

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27
Q

Pronator teres

A

Origins:
Medial epicondyle
Coronoid process of ulna

Attachment:
Mid-shaft of radius

Action:
Pronation of the forearm

Innervation:
Median nerve

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28
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Origin:
Medial epicondyle

Attachment:
Base of metacarpals II and III

Actions:
Flexion
Abduction at the wrist

Innervation:
Median nerve

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29
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Origin:
Medial epicondyle

Attachment:
Flexor retinaculum of the wrist

Actions:
Flexion at the wrist

Innervation:
Median nerve

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30
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin:
Medial epicondyle
Ulna

Attachment:
Pisiform carpal bone

Actions:
Flexion
Adduction at the wrist

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

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31
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the forearm, lateral to medial?

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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32
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Origins:
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Radius

Attachments:
Muscle splits into four tendons at the wrist which travel through the carpal tunnel and attach to the middle phalanges of the four fingers

Actions:
Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the four fingers
Flexes the wrist

Innervation:
Median nerve

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33
Q

What is the intermediate muscle in the anterior forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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34
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Origin:
Ulna
Interosseous membrane

Attachments:
Splits into four tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel and attach to distal phalanges of the four fingers

Actions:
Only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints
Flexes metacarpophalangeal joints
Flexes wrist

Innervation:
Medial half (acts on little and ring fingers) - ulnar nerve 
Lateral half (acts on middle and index fingers) - median nerve
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35
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

Origin:
Anterior surface of the radius
Surrounding interosseous membrane

Attachment:
Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

Actions:
Flexes at the interphalangeal joint
Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

Innervation:
Median nerve

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36
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Origin:
Anterior surface of ulna

Attachment:
Anterior surface of radius

Actions:
Pronator forearm

Innervation:
Median nerve

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37
Q

What are the deep muscles of the anterior forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

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38
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin:
Proximal aspect of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

Attachment:
Distal end of the radius just before the radial styloid process

Actions:
Flexes at the elbow

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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39
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

Origin:
Supracondylar ridge

Attachment:
Metacarpal bones I and III

Actions:
Abducts the wrist

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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40
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Origin:
Lateral epicondyle

Attachments:
Metacarpal bones I and III

Actions:
Extends wrist
Abducts wrist

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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41
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Origin:
Lateral epicondyle

Attachment:
Tendon splits into four and inserts into the extensor hood of each finger

Actions:
Extends medial three fingers at the metcarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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42
Q

Extensor digiti minimi

A

Origin:
Lateral epicondyle

Attachment:
With the extensor digitorum tendon, attaches into the extensor hood of the little finger

Actions:
Extends the little finger
Contributes to extension at the wrist

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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43
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Attachment:
Base of metacarpal V

Actions:
Extension of wrist
Adduction of wrist

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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44
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin:
Lateral epicondyle

Attachment:
Posterior and lateral part of the olecranon

Actions:
Extends elbow joint
Stabilises elbow joint
Abducts ulna during pronation of the forearm

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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45
Q

Supinator

A

Origins:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Posterior surface of ulna

Insertion:
Posterior surface of radius

Actions:
Supinate forearm

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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46
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

Origin:
Interosseous membrane and adjacent posterior surfaces of radius and ulna

Attachments:
Lateral side of base of metacarpal I

Actions:
Abducts the thumb

Innervation:
Radial nerve

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47
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis

A

Origin:
Posterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane

Insertions:
Proximal phalanx of the thumb

Actions:
Extends at the metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints of the thumb

Innervation:
Radial nerve

48
Q

Extensor pollicis longus

A

Origin:
Posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertions:
Distal phalanx of the thumb

Actions:
Extends all joints of the thumb, carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, interphalangeal

Innervation:
Radial nerve

49
Q

Extensor indicis proprius

A

Origin:
Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane, distal to the extensor policies longus

Insertion:
Extensor hood of the index finger

Actions:
Extends the index finger

Innervation:
Radial nerve

50
Q

What are the muscles in the superficial compartment of the posterior forearm?

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Extensor digitorum 
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris 
Anconeus
51
Q

What are the deep muscles of the posterior forearm?

A 
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus 
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus 
Extensor indicis proprius
52
Q

What muscles make up the thenar eminence?

A

Opponens Pollicis
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis

53
Q

Opponens Brevis

A

Origin:
Tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum

Insertion:
Lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

Actions:
Opposes the thumb by medially rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium

Innervation:
Median nerve

54
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

Origin:
Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

Insertion:
Proximal phalanx of the thumb

Actions:
Abducts the thumb

Innervation:
Median nerve

55
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

A

Origin:
Tubercle of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

Insertion:
Proximal phalanx of the thumb

Action:
Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

Innervation:
Median nerve

56
Q

What muscles make up the hypothenar eminence?

A

Opponens digiti minimi

Abductor digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

57
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

Origin:
Hook of hamate and associated flexor retinaculum

Insertion:
Medial margin of metacarpal

Actions:
Rotates the metacarpal of the little finger towards the palm producing opposition

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

58
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Origin:
Pisiform
Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

Insertion:
Base of proximal phalanx of little finger

Actions:
Abducts little finger

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

59
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Origin:
Hook of hamate and adjacent flexor retinaculum

Insertion:
Base of proximal phalanx of little finger

Actions:
Flexes the metacarpalophalangeal joint of the little finger

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

60
Q

Lumbricals

A

Origin:
Tendon of the flexor digitorum profundity

Insertion:
Pass dorsally and laterally around each finger and insert into the extensor hood

Actions:
Flex at the metacarpalphalangeal joint
Extend at the interphalangeal joints of each finger

Innervation:
Medial two lumbricals = ulnar nerve
Lateral two fingers = median nerve

61
Q

Dorsal interossei

A

Origin:
Lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpals

Insertion:
Extensor hood and proximal phalanx of each finger

Action:
Abducts the fingers at the MCP joint

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

62
Q

Palmar interossei

A

Origin:
Medial or lateral surface of a metacarpal

Insertion:
Extensor hood and proximal phalanx of same finger

Actions:
Adducts the fingers at the MCP joint

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

63
Q

Palmaris brevis

A

Origin:
Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

Attachment:
Dermis of skin on medial margin of hand

Actions:
Wrinkles skin of hypothecate eminence and deepens the curvature of the hand improving grip

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

64
Q

Adductor pollicis

A

Origin:
Metacarpal II
Capitate and adjacent areas of metacarpals II and III

Insertion:
Proximal phalanx of the thumb

Actions:
Adduction of the thumb

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve

65
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A 
Thenar muscles
Hypothenar muscles
Lumbricals
Interossei 
Palmaris brevis
Adductor pollicis
66
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Origin:
Gluteal posterior surface of the ilium, sacrum and coccyx

Insertion:
Slopes across the buttock at a 45degree angle and then inserts into the illiotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Actions:
Main extensor of the thigh
Assists with lateral rotation

Innervation:
Inferior gluteal nerve

67
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Origin:
Gluteal surface on posterior ilium

Insertion:
Lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Actions:
Abducts lower limb
Medially rotates lower limb
During locomotion, secures pelvis, preventing pelvic drop of the opposite limb

Innervation:
Superior gluteal nerve

68
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Origin:
Posterior ilium

Insertion:
Anterior side of the greater trochanter

Actions:
Abduction of lower limb
Medially rotates lower limb
During locomotion, secures the pelvis preventing pelvic drop of opposite limb

Innervation:
Superior gluteal nerve

69
Q

Tensor fascia late

A

Origin:
Anterior iliac crest and ASIS

Insertion:
Iliotibial tract on lateral condylar of the tibia

Actions:
Assists the gluteus medium and minimums in abduction and medial rotation of the lower limb
Supportive role in the gait cycle

Innervation:
Superior gluteal nerve

70
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin:
Anterior surface of the sacrum

Insertion:
Travels inferno-laterally through the greater sciatic foramen to insert to the greater trochanter of the femur

Actions:
Lateral rotation of the lower limb
Abduction of the lower limb

Innervation:
Nerve to piriformis

71
Q

Superior gemellus

A

Origin:
Ischial spine

Insertion:
Greater trochanter of the femur

Actions:
Lateral rotation of the lower limb
Abduction of the lower limb

Innervation:
Nerve to obturator internus

72
Q

Inferior gemelli

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Greater trochanter of the femur

Actions:
Lateral rotation
Abduction

Innervation:
Nerve to quadratus femoris

73
Q

Obturator internus

A

Origin:
Pubis and ischium at the obturator foramen

Attachment:
Greater trochanter of femur

Actions:
Lateral rotation of lower limb
Abduction

Innervation:
Nerve to obturator internus

74
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Origin:
Lateral side of ischial tuberosity

Attachment:
Quadrate tuberosity on the intertrochanteric crest

Actions:
Lateral rotation

Innervation:
Nerve to quadratus femoris

75
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the gluteal region, superior to inferior?

A

Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Tensor fascia lata

76
Q

What are the deep lateral rotators of the gluteal region, superior to inferior?

A 
Piriformis 
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus 
Gemellus inferior
Quadrator femoris
77
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Psoas major + iliacus

78
Q

Psoas major

A

Origin:
Lumbar vertebrae

Insertion:
Lesser trochanter of femur

Actions:
Flexes lower limb at hip joint
Assists in lateral rotation at hip joint

Innervation:
Anterior rami of L1-L3

79
Q

Iliacus

A

Origin:
Iliac fossa of pelvis

Insertion:
Lesser trochanter of femur

Actions:
Flexes lower limb at hip joint
Assists in lateral rotation at hip joint

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

80
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Origin:
Greater trochanter of femur

Insertion:
Lateral lip of linea aspera

Actions:
Extends knee joint
Stabilises patella

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

81
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Origin:
Anterior and lateral surfaces of femoral shaft

Insertion:
Patella via patella tendon

Actions:
Extends the knee joint
Stabilises patella

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

82
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Origin:
Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of the linea aspera

Actions:
Extends knee joint
Stabilises patella

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

83
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Origin:
Ilium superior to the acetabulum

Insertion:
Patella by the quadriceps femoris tendon

Actions:
Flexes leg at hip joint
Extends knee joint

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

84
Q

What are the quadriceps femoris muscles?

A

Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Rectus femoris- crosses hip joint and knee joint

85
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin:
Iliac spine

Insertion:
Superior, medial surface of the tibia

Actions:
Hip joint- flexor, abductor and lateral rotator
Knee- flexor

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

86
Q

Pectineus

A

Origin:
Pectineal line on the anterior surface of the pelvis

Insertion:
Pectineal line on posterior side of the femur inferior to the lesser trochanter

Actions:
Adduction of hip joint
Flexion of hip joint

Innervation:
Femoral nerve. May receive a branch from obturator nerve

87
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

Flexors of the hip joint:
Iliopsoas = psoas major + iliacus - also laterally rotates
Sartorius- also abducts, laterally rotates + flexes at knee
Pectineus- also adducts

Extensors of the knee:
Quadriceps femoris:
Vastus lateralis 
Vastus intermedius 
Vastus medialis 
Rectus femoris
88
Q

Which muscles of the anterior thigh contribute to movement of the knee joint?

A

Sartorius - flexes knee joint

Rectus femoris - extends knee joint

89
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Origin:
Adductor part- inferior rami of the pubis and the rami of ischium
Hamstring part- ischial tuberosity of femur

Insertion:
Adductor part- Linea aspera of the femur
Hamstring part- adductor tubercle and medial supracondylar line of femur

Actions:
Adductor part- Adduct/flexes the hip joint
Hamstring part- extends hip joint

Innervation:
Adductor part- obturator nerve
Hamstring part-tibial nerve

90
Q

Adductor longus

A

Origin:
Pubis

Insertion:
Linea aspera of the femur

Actions:
Adduction of hip joint
Medial rotation of hip joint

Innervation:
Obturator nerve

91
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Origin:
Body of the pubis
Inferior pubic rami

Insertion:
Linea aspera on posterior surface of the femur, proximal to adductor longus

Actions:
Adduction of the thigh

Innervation:
Obturator nerve

92
Q

Obturator externus

A

Origin:
Membrane of obturator foramen and adjacent bones

Insertion:
Posterior aspect of the greater trochanter

Actions:
Laterally rotates the hip

Innervation:
Obturator nerve

93
Q

Gracilis

A

Origin:
Inferior rami of the pubis
Bod of the pubis

Insertion:
Medial surface of the tibia between tendons of the sartorius and semitendinosus

Actions:
Adduction of the thigh at the hip
Flexion of the leg at the knee

Innervation:
Obturator nerve

94
Q

What are the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor breaks 
Obturator externus
Gracilis
95
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Origin:
Long head- ischial tuberosity
Short head- Linda appear on posterior surface of femur

Insertion:
Head of fibula

Actions:
Flexion at knee
Extension at hip
Lateral rotation at hip and knee

Innervation:
Long head- tibial part of sciatic nerve
Short head- common fibula part of sciatic nerve

96
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Medial surface of tibia

Actions:
Flexion of knee
Extension of hip
Medial rotation of hip and knee

Innervation:
Tibial part of the sciatic nerve

97
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Medial tibial condyle

Actions:
Flexion at knee joint
Extension of hip
Medial rotation of hip and leg

Innervation:
Tibial part of sciatic nerve

98
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh, lateral to medial?

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

99
Q

What movements to the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh all contribute to with the assistance of the hamstring portion of adductor magnus- a muscle in the medial compartment of the thigh?
What are they innervated by?

A

Flexion at knee
Extension at hip

Sciatic nerve

100
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Origin:
Lateral surface of tibia

Insertion:
Medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I

Actions:
Dorsiflexion of ankle
Inversion of ankle

Innervation:
Deep fibular nerve

101
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Origin:
Lateral condyle of tibia
Medial surface of fibula

Insertion:
Toes 2-5

Actions:
Extension of lateral four toes
Dorsiflexion of the foot

Innervation:
Deep fibular nerve

102
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Origin:
Medial surface of the fibular shaft

Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx of the great toe

Action:
Extension of great toe
Dorsiflexion of foot

Innervation:
Deep fibular nerve

103
Q

Fibularis tertius

A

Origin:
Medial surface of the fibula

Insertion:
Metatarsal V

Actions:
Eversion of ankle
Dorsiflexion of ankle

Innervation:
Deep fibular nerve

104
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius

105
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Origin:
Superior and lateral surface of fibula
Lateral tibial condyle

Insertion:
Cuneiform and base of metatarsal I

Actions:
Eversion of ankle
Plantarflexion of ankle
Supports lateral and transverse arches of the foot

Innervation:
Superficial fibular nerve

106
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

Origin:
Inferolateral surface of fibula shaft

Insertion:
Tubercle on metatarsal V

Actions:
Eversion of the foot

Innervation:
Superficial fibular nerve

107
Q

What are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

108
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin:
Lateral head- lateral femoral condyle
Medial head- medial femoral condyle

Insertion:
Combines with soles to form calcaneal tendon which inserts onto the calcaneus

Actions:
Plantarflexion of ankle
Flexor of knee

Innervation:
Tibial nerve

109
Q

Plantaris

A

Origin:
Lateral supracondylar line of the femur

Insertion:
Tendon blends with calcaneal tendon which inserts at calcaneus

Actions:
Plantarflexion of the ankle
Flexor of knee

Innervation:
Tibial nerve

110
Q

Soleus

A

Origin:
Soleal line of tibia
Proximal fibula area

Insertion:
Calcaneal tendon which inserts to the calcaneus

Actions:
Plantarflexion of the ankle

Innervation:
Tibial nerve

111
Q

Popliteus

A

Origin:
Posterior surface of the proximal tibia

Insertion:
Lateral condolences of the femur and lateral meniscus of knee joint

Actions:
Laterally rotates the knee joint
Unlocks the knee joint so flexion can occur

Innervation:
Tibial nerve

112
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Origin:
Interosseous membrane between tibia and fibula and posterior surfaces of these bones

Insertion:
Plantar surfaces of medial tarsal bones

Actions:
Inverts ankle
Plantarflexes the ankle
Maintains medial arch of foot

Innervation:
Tibial nerve

113
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Origin:
Medial surface of tibia

Insertion:
Plantar surfaces of lateral four digits

Actions:
Flexes the lateral four toes

Innervation:
Tibial nerve

114
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

Origin:
Posterior surface of fibula

Insertion:
Plantar surface of phalanx of the great toe

Actions:
Flexes the great toe

Innervation:
Tibial nerve

115
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial:
Gastrocnemius
Plantaris

Deep:
Popliteus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

zESA2 (21 decks)

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