Muscles Flashcards
functions of the muscular system (3)
- movement
- heat (thermogenesis)
- posture
types of muscle (3)
- cardiac muscle
- smooth muscle
- skeletal muscle tissue
smooth muscle (3)
(muscle of organs)
- involuntary control
- non-striated
- mono-nucleate
- visceral smooth muscle most common (peristalsis)
skeletal muscle tissue (3)
- voluntary control
- striated
- multi-nucleate
cardiac muscle tissue (3)
- involuntary control
- striated
- mono-nucleate
Structure of skeletal muscle mass (3)
sarcomere
sarcolemma
transmits contractions from motor neurons
sarcoplasmic reticulum
distributes calcium
muscle anatomy: origin
remains stationery (door hinge)
muscle anatomy: insertion
movable part of muscle (door)
muscle anatomy: muscle belly
portion between origin/insertion
aponeurosis:
broad, thin, flat sheets, dense connective tissue
perimysium
separates muscle mass into small bundles of muscle fibers
bursa (2)
- fluid filled sacks associated with joints
- reduce friction
neuromuscular junction (2)
- region of communication between a motor neuron/muscle fiber
- not physical connection
motor unit (3)
- end of motor neuron
- many branched extensions
- single neuron and innervated muscle
sliding filament theory (2)
- model for muscle contractions
- powered by ATP
energy storage molecule of muscle fibers
creatine phosphate
myoglobin (2)
- oxygen binding protein found within the muscle tissue
- responsible for pigment
glycolysis (3)
- first step
- anaerobic process
- yields ATP
oxygen debt
amount of oxygen needed to replenish energy in muscles to pre exercise state
muscle fatigue
when muscle loses its ability to maintain strength of contraction
agonist/prime mover
primary muscle that causes desired action
antagonist
- arranged in opposing sets
- contracts the prime mover
