Muscles Flashcards
smallest muscle in the human body
stapedius muscle
located on the lateral an anterior aspects of the neck, large belly with two heads attaches to mastoid process, carotoid artery lays deep, Lord Byron fashion
A: Laterally flex and rotate the head for opposite side, flex the neck and elevation of ribcage during inhalation
O: Sternal head: top of manubrium; Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of the clavicle
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput
N: spinal accessory nerve XI
Muscles to work:
Levator scapula, scalenes and upper traps
Sternocleidomastoid
Involves three types: anterior, Middle and Posterior
sandwiched between the sternocleidomastoid and the anterior flap of the trapezius on the anterior, lateral neck.
Begins at the side of the cervical vertebrae, dive underneath the clavicle and attached to first and second rib. Elevate the ribs during inhalation
Work on the transverse process and 1st rib
A: unilaterally flexes the head and neck to same side rotate the head and neck to the opposite side, elevate the ribs during inhalation and flex the head and neck
Scalenes
partially tucked beneath the sternocleidomastoid
O: transverse processes of 3-6 cervical vertebrae
I: First Rib
N: C(3)
Anterior Scalenes
slightly larger and lies lateral to the anterior scalene
O: Transverse processes of secon-7th cervical vertebrae
I: First rib
N: C(3).
Middle Scalene
smaller located between middle scalene and levator scapula deeper that other scalenes insertion at the second rib
O: transverse process 6/7th vertebrae
I: second rib
N: c (3)
Posterior Scalene
compression or impingement of this nerve can send a sharp shooting sensation or numbness down the arm
work the scalenes, subscaps, pec minors
Brachial Plexus
strongest muscle in the body, 150 pounds of pressure
A elevate the mandible, assist to protract the mandible
O: zygomatic arch
I: angle and ramus of mandible
N: Trigeminal V
Masseter
located on the temporal aspect of the cranium
A: elevate and retract the mandible
O: Temporal Fossa and fascia
I: Coronoid process and anterior edge of ramus of the mandible
N: Trigeminal V
temporalis
thin, superficial sheath spanning the anterior neck from the mandible to the chest
create the infamous creature from the black lagoon’s expression
Platysma
muscle primarily responsible for raising the forehead into an expression of surprise, has four thin bellies(two frontalis on the forehead; two occipitalis back of the head)
Includes the Galea aponeurotica(connects the two connective tissue stretches across the top of the cranium
A: Frontalis:Raise the eyebrows and wrinkle the forehead’ Occipitalis: anchor/retract the galea posteriorly
O: Galea aponeurotic
I: Frontalis:skin to superior to eyebrows
Occipitalis: Superior nuchal line of the occiput
N: Facial VII
Occipitofrontalis
assist the masseter and temporalis with movement of the mandible, located on the interior side of the mandible
A: Unilaterally laterally deviates the mandible of opposite side, Bilaterally: elevate the mandible/protract the mandible
O: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone and tuberosity of maxilla
I: Medial surface of the ramus of the mandible
N: Trigeminal V
Medial Ptergoid
protracts the mandible (bilaterally), unilaterally deviates the mandible,
O: infratemporal surface and crest of the greater wing of sphenoid bone (superior head); lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone(inferior)
I: Articular disc and capsule of temporomandibular joint, neck of mandible
N: Trigeminal v
Lateral Pterygoid
tucked between the trachea and cervical vertebrae, can help reduce lordotic curve of cervical vertebrae
A: Both laterally flex and rotate the head Unilaterally; Bilaterally flex the head and neck
O: c-3-C-6 Longus Capitis/ C3-C-5 Longus Colli
I: Inferior surface of Occiput ( Longus Capitits); Tubercle on anterior arch of the atlas; bodies of axix (Longus Colli)
N: C1,2,3,_Longus Capitis; C2-6 Longus collie
Longus Capitis and Longus Colli
